426 H O T 
fearch of them themfelves, and they choofe rather to do 
without them. 
The Hottentots are reprefented as a miferable and poor 
nation, fuperftitious, ferocious, and indolent, and excef- 
fively dirty; in a word, they are vilified in every poffible 
manner. That they fometimes befmear themfelves with 
greafe is a fart. But then it mult be confidered that all 
thefe favages, without exception, are excellentTwimmers, 
and perhaps the belt divers in the world ; and the prac¬ 
tice of bathing, which they ufe leveral times a-day, can 
leave little power to ointments, or even to dull, to fpoil 
and corrode the {kin. The continual care and attention 
bellowed by the Gonaquas in particular, on their, drefs, 
fufficiently prove that they are fond of cleanlinefs ; all, 
therefore, that can be faid is, that it is ill underllood ; 
and it might be necelfary to enquire whether they are not 
obliged to greafe themfelves in this manner, either oil 
account of the temperature of the climate, or from a want 
of thole relources which nature has not pointed out to 
them. Their clothes, indeed, are only the lpoils taken 
from favage animals; but they do not neglect, as fome 
have pretended, to clean and prepare them before they 
employ them for making drelfes. A Hottentot is neither 
poor nor miferable. He is not poor, becaufe, his defires 
never exceeding his knowledge, which is very limited, he 
never feels the ipurof neceffity. The language, notwith- 
ftanding its Angularity, and the difficulty of pronouncing 
it, is, however, to be acquired by an European; accord¬ 
ing to M. Vaillant, it is more difficult to a Frenchman 
than to a Dutchman or German. 
There is a lpecies of Hottentots, who have got the 
name of Bojkies-men, from dwelling in woody or moun- 
tainious places. Thefe, particularly l'uch as live towards 
the north-eall, are fworn enemies to the paftoral life. They 
fubfift by hunting and plunder, and never keep any ani¬ 
mal alive for the lpace of one night. By this means they 
have rendered themfelves odious to the Dutch planters, 
and are purfued and exterminated like wild beaits ; or taken 
alive, and made flaves of. The animals of this country 
are nearly fimilar to thofe of the other parts of Africa. 
Among the quadrupeds are the lion, elephant, hippopo¬ 
tamus, buffalo, the double-horned rhinoceros, panther, gi¬ 
raffe or Camelopardalis, elk, antelope, fpringbok, and gazel. 
Bince the Cape of Good Hope has been in poffeflion of 
the En'glifh, every mean has been exerted to meliorate and 
liumanize thefe people ; and a Hottentot regiment has 
been raifed, which is fpoken of in very flattering terms 
by the Britifh officers. Able and intelligent perfons are 
alfo lent out at the expence of the government to explore 
the country ; fo that we may in due time expert to be 
furnifned with a rational and well-founded hiftory of this 
people, and the whole of the country they exhibit. See 
the article Goon Hope, referred to above. 
HOT'TINGER (Jolm-Henry), a Swifs proteftant di¬ 
vine, born at Zurich in 1620. He early difcovered a ftrong 
propenfity to learning, and a Facility at acquiring lan¬ 
guages; and by his rapid proficiency in the Latin and 
Greek, as well as Hebrew, tongues, attrarted the notice 
of the trullees of the fchools, who determined to fend 
him to purfue his ftudies in foreign univerfities, at the 
expence of the public. In 1638 he went to Geneva, 
where he ftudied under Frederic Spanheim, and then went 
to France. Afterwards he vifited Flanders and Holland, 
and fettled as a ftudent at the univerfity of Groningen, 
where he attended the theological lertures of the cele¬ 
brated Francis Gomar, and profeffor Alting, and ftudied 
Arabic under Matthias Pafor. In about a year he re¬ 
moved to Leyden, to become tutor to the children of 
profeffor Golius. Under his inftruftions, together with 
the affiftance of a Turk, then at Leyden, Hottinger im¬ 
proved greatly in the knowledge of the Arabic ; and he 
was permitted to copy, for his own ufe, many of the Ara¬ 
bic manufcripts which Golius had in his collertion. He 
made a vifit to England, where he contrarted an intimacy 
with feveral of the molt diftinguiihed literary chararters. 
HOT 
Upon his return to Zurich, in 1642, lie was appointed 
profeffor of ecclefiaftical hiltory; and in the following 
year was nominated to the profefforfliips of catechetical 
divinity and of the oriental languages. In 165.3 he was 
appointed profeffor in ordinary of rhetoric, and alfo pro¬ 
feffor extraordinary of the divinity of the. Old Teftament, 
and of controversial theology; and in the fame year lie 
was admitted into the college of canons. 
Hottinger had now acquired fo high a reputation for 
learning, and for the fuccefs with which he prefided in 
the academic fchools, that the elertor palatine, who was 
defirous of reftoring the fame of the univerfity of Heidel¬ 
berg, earneftly requefted bis aid in that undertaking. The 
magiftrates of Zurich having contented to lend him to the 
elertor for three )'ears, in 1665 he went to Bafil, where he 
took his degree of dortor of divinity, and then proceeded 
to Heidelberg, at which place he met with the moft gra¬ 
cious reception. Befides the profefl'orftiip of divinity of 
the Old Teftament, he was appointed principal of the 
Collegium Sapientise, and raifed to the dignity of ecclefi¬ 
aftical counfellor. He was not recalled to Zurich before 
the year 1661, the magiftrates having confented, at the 
elector's earneft requeft, to prolong till then the term for 
which they had lent him. No fooner had he returned, 
home, than he was appointed prefident of the commiffion- 
ers who were to revile the German tranftation of the Bible. 
Soon after this he was unfortunately drowned in the river 
which runs through Zurich, in confequence of the over- 
letting of a boat, in which he was proceeding to an eftate 
which he had at the diftance of two leagues from that 
city. This event happened in 1667, when but little more 
than forty-feven years of age. 
For an exart catalogue of all Hottinger’s works, we 
muft, witli Bayie, refer the curious reader to the Bibliotheca 
Tigurina ; or, The Life of Hottinger, drawn up by Hei¬ 
degger. We infert, however, the titles of fome of his 
moft interefting and important pieces. Thefe are, 1. Ex- 
ercitationes Anti-Moriniance, See. 1644,410. intended to com¬ 
bat father Morin’s opinion of the preference of the Sama¬ 
ritan Pentateuch to the Hebrew text, which Bayie notices 
as the author’s firft production. 2. Thefaurus Philologicus, 
feu Clovis Scriptures, qua quicquid fere Orientalium, Hebrceorum 
rnaxime & Arabum habent Monumenta de Religione cjufque variis 
Speciebus , Judaifmo, Samaritarii/vio, Muhammcdifno , Gentilifmo, 
de Theologia & Theologis, Verbo Dei, &c. breviter & aphorijlice 
ila referatur & aperitur, ut multiplex hide ad Philologies, Theo¬ 
logies Jiudiofos FruElvs redundare pefjit, 1649,4to. in the lecond' 
edition of which, the Samaritan, Arabic, and Syria#, are 
all given in their proper chararters. 3. Hiftoria Oricnta/is, 
qua ex variis Orientalium Monumcntis collegia agit: primo, de 
Muhammedifmo, cjufque Canfs, turn procreantibus turn confervan- 
tibus: Jecundo, de Saracenifmo, Jeu Religione veterum Arabum : 
tertio, de Chaldaifmo Superftitione Nabataorum Chaldeeorum 
Charanaorum, 4to. 4. De Statu Chriflianorum & Jndaorum 
Tempore orti & nati Muhammedanifni: quinto, de variis inter 
ipfos Muhammedanos circa Religionis Dogmata & Adminijlra- 
tionem Sententiis, Schifmatis, & Harefibus excitatis, See. 1651, 
4to. 5. Promptuarium five Bibliotheca Orientalis, exhibtns Ca- 
talogum, five Centurias aliquot tarn Auclorum, quam Librarum 
Hebraicorum, Syriacorum, Arabicorum , /Egyptiacorum : addita 
Mantijfa Bibliotkccarum aliquot Europeearum , 1658, 4to. 6. 
Etymologicon Orientate, five Lexicon Harmonium Hcptaglotton ; 
cum Presfatione de Gradibus Studii Philologici, & Apologetico 
brevi contra Abrakamum Ecchellenfem Maronitam, 1661, 4to. 
HOT'TINGER (John-James), fon of the preceding, 
born at Zurich in 1652. He was educated under his fa¬ 
ther’s infpertion till he was fifteen years of age, when he 
had the misfortune to lofe him by the accident mentioned 
above. In 1676 he was admitted to the miniftry at Zurich, 
and from that time exercifed its funftions with mucli zeal 
and acceptibility. In 1698, upon the death of Heidegger, 
he was appointed profeffor of theology in the univerfity 
of Zurich ; which poll he filled with great reputation and 
fuccefs, during the remainder of his life. He died in 1735, 
when he had nearly completed his eighty-third year. The 
titles 
