H O V 
II O T 
titles of his numerous productions in theology, fcripture, 
criticifm, and controverl'y, would fiil fome pages ; befides 
which he alfo publifhed a multitude of pieces in the Ger¬ 
man language, of which a catalogue is given in the col¬ 
lection entitled Bibliotheca Bremenfs. 
HOT'TON, a town of the duchy of Luxemberg, on 
the Ourte: twenty miles fouth-ealf of Huy. 
I-IOTTO'NIA, f. [lb named by Boerhaave, from Peter 
Hoiton, profeflbr of botany at Leyden.] The Water Vio¬ 
let; in botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of palmar, (lyfimachiae, Jvff.) 
The generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium one- 
leafed, five-parted; parts linear, from ereCt fpreading. 
Corolla : one-petalled, falver-fhaped ; tube the length of 
the calyx; border five-cleft, flat; clefts ovate-oblong, 
emarginate. Stamina: filaments five, awl-fhaped, ihort, 
upright, oppofite to the clefts of the corolla, and placed 
on the tube; antheras oblong. Piftillum: germ globular- 
acuminate; ftyle filiform, Ihort; Itigma globular. Peri- 
carpiunt: capfule globular, acuminate, one-celled, placed 
on the calyx. Seeds: veiy many, globular; receptacle 
globular, large.— EJfential CkaraEler. Corolla falver-fhaped; 
Itamina placed on the tube of the corolla; caplule one- 
celled. 
Species, i. Hottonia paluftris, or common water-violet: 
peduncles in naked whorls of feveral flowers ; leaves in 
whorls, pinnate. (See Botany Plate VII. fig. 12.) The 
root confifls of numerous white capillary fibres, which 
lfrike deep into the mud. The Item is a l’cape, a foot 
high, Ample, upright, towards the top roughiih with little 
glands, at the bottom furnifhed with numerous leaves, 
whence proceed feveral ftalks, which run out to a confi- 
derable length through the water, and throw out nume¬ 
rous white fibres. Leaves numerous, generally under 
water, growing in tufts on the tops of the young Items, 
bending downwards, the pinnas linear and flat. Flowers 
pale purple or white, v/ith a yellow eye, in feveral whorls 
one above another, forming all together a handfome fpike. 
This lingular plant has the leaves under water, and the 
tipper part of the flowering-ftem only above; the flowers 
are beautiful; the leaves afford a refuge, and perhaps 
nourifhment, to the frelh-water periwinkle, and other 
lilt all fhell-filh. It abounds-in ditches and marines, ftag- 
nant waters, and (low-running dreams, flowering in May 
and June, and continuing a long time in flower. The 
old writers call it millefolium , from the abundance of its 
leaves; and viola, which was a favourite name for the 
flock-gilliflower, and many other plants with handfome 
flowers, befides the violet. In Englifh, befides water- 
violet, it has the names of water-milfoil or yarrow, and 
water-gilliflower; in Dodoen’s Herbal by Lyte, uater- 
gillofer. In German, wajferviole ■, in Dutch, waterviolier ; in 
Danifii, vandrollihe ; in Swedilh, vattenrolleka ; in P'rench, 
plumcau, plume d'eau, plumette, violette aquatique, girqjlee d’eau, 
millefeuillc d'eau, Hottone ; in Italian, miriofllo aquatico. 
2. Hottonia Indica, or Indian water-violet: peduncles 
axillary, one-flowered ; leaves in whorls, trifid or thrice 
trind. Stem a finger’s length, quite fimple. Leaves in 
whorls, frequently eight together, trifid or thrice trifid. 
A doubtful fpecies. 
3. Hottonia fefliiiflora, or feflile-flowered water-violet: 
flowers in leafy whorls, feflile; leaves in whorls, bipin- 
nate and trind. Stem Ample, fometimes with a branchlet 
at the top. The leaves under water referable thole of the 
firft fpecies, the upper ones are like thole of the lecond 
fpecies. Flowers feflile, four to each whorl. It differs 
from the preceding in having the flowers in whorls; from 
the firfl in the flbwers being feflile, and the whoris leafy. 
Found in the Eaft Indies by Burmann. 
4. Hottonia litoralis, or fea water-violet: leaves ovate- 
oblong, oppofite, quite entire; flowers folitary. Stem com¬ 
monly quite Ample, eight inches high, upright. Leaves 
■fmooth ; flowers purple, axillary, peduncled. The flower 
xefembles that of the fecond fpecies, but the leaves are 
very different. Native of Cochin-chinav 
An 
Propagation and Culture. The common water-violet may¬ 
be propagated in deep Handing waters, by dropping the 
feeds, as loon as they are ripe, into the water where they 
are defigned to grow ; and the fpring following they will 
appear, and, if they are not diftnrbed, will loon increafe 
abundantly. The other forts are not known in Europe, 
in a living ftate. 
HOT! ONVIL'LE, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Mofelle, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftricl of Boulay : one league north-north-ealf of Boulay. 
HOTTO'T, a town of Frrnce, in the department of 
the Calvados, and chief place of a canton, in the diftricl 
of Bayeux : three leagues and a half weft of Caen. 
HO TY, a town of Sweden, in the province of Biek- 
ingen : twenty-one miles weft of Carlfcrona. 
HOT'ZEMPLOTZ, a river of Silefia, which runs into 
the Oder in the principality of Oppeln. 
HOU, a town of China, of the third rank, in the pro¬ 
vince of Chen-fi : fifteen miles fouth-weft of Si-ngan. 
HOU, or How, a town of Egypt, on the left bank of 
the Nile, fituated on an eminence, which feems to be ar¬ 
tificial, and is laid to have been built by the patriarch Jo- 
feph : twenty-eight miles louth of Girge. Lat. 26. 2. N. 
Ion. 49. 13. E. Ferro. 
HOU-KEOU', a town of China, of the third rank, in 
the province of Kiang-fi: twelve miles eaft-north-ealt of 
Kieou-kiang. 
HOU-QUANG / , a town of China, of the third rank, in 
the province of Chan-fi : ten miles fouth of Fuen-tcheou. 
HOU-QUANG', a province of China, bounded on the 
north by Ho-nan, on the ealt by Kiang-fi, and Kiang- 
nan, on the fouth by Quang-fi, and Quang-tong, and on 
the welt by Se-tchuen and Koei-tcheou, about 480 miles- 
from north to fouth, and 350 from eaft to welt. This 
province contains fifteen cities of the firft rank. The 
greateft part of the province is a flat open country, wa¬ 
tered every where by brooks, lakes, and rivers, with great 
number and variety of fifh and water-fowl; cattle are with¬ 
out number. The land produces all forts of grain and 
fruit, efpecially oranges and citrons; the forefts abound 
with trees, and the mountains with mines and medicinal 
plants; in the lands of the rivers and brooks, which de- 
feend from the mountains, gold is found ; there are mines 
of iron, tin, toutenague, See. In the fields are great num¬ 
bers of inlefts which yield wax, as well as bees which pro¬ 
duce honey. In a word, there is fuch a great plenty of 
all forts of commodities, that it is commonly called the 
Magazine of the Empire; and it is a proverb among the 
Chinefe, that the province of Kiang-fi may furnifh China 
with a breakfaft, but none but Hou-Quang can wholly 
maintain it. The great river Yang-tfe erodes it from 
welt to eaft. 
HOU-TCHEOU', a city of China, of the firft rank, in 
the province of Tche-kiang, fituated near a large lake 
called.Tai. The chief place in China for making writing 
pencils; the filk manufafture is likewife extenlive: 387 
miles l’outh-fouth-eaft of Peking. Lat. 3-0. 52. N. Ion 
137. 18. E. Ferro. 
HOU-TO', a river of China, which runs into the lake 
Pay in the province of Pe-tche-li. 
HOU'AC, or Hou'at, a French ifiand, in the Englifh 
Channel, near the coaft of Morbihan, about eight miles 
in circumference, defended by a fort: feven miles north- 
eaft of Belle-Ifle. Lat.47. 26. N. Ion. 14. 36. E. Ferro. 
HO'VAL, or Oualo', a kingdom of Africa, fituated on 
the banks of the river Senegal, and on the coaft of the 
Atlantic, ninety miles from eaft to weft, and eighteen 
from north to fouth. The foil is rich and fertile, pro¬ 
ducing in the greateft abundance maize, rice, legumes,, 
indigo, tobacco, and cotton; the meadows feed great num¬ 
bers of large and fmall cattle, whole flelh is excellent; 
game is plentiful, and birds in the greateft number and 
variety; the forefts abound with palm-trees. The king- 
of Hoval takes the title of brak, or emperor: he was for¬ 
merly very powerful, but is now lels fo, and often in 
s - wani; 
