536 
HUSB A N D R Y. 
fcriptions of weeds. Tn the generality of the heavier 
kinds of land of this defcription, when brought into til¬ 
lage from the ftate of old fward, it would feem that beans 
would be the molt fuitable crop to begin with, notwith- 
ftanding the ufual practice has been to have recourfe to 
oats in fuch cafes ; as, from the gradual decay of the turfy 
and gi'afly materials, the ,growth of the beans may be 
greatly promoted, and large crops thus produced. Be¬ 
tides, the roots of the bean-plants, by their penetrating 
deeply, render the land more mellow, and at the fame 
time improve it, bringing it more expeditiouily to the pro¬ 
per ftate for wheat. Where, however, the quality of the 
land is more light and mellow, peafe are introduced with 
greater benefit as a fir ft crop after breaking up. How¬ 
ever, in very old fward, from worms, grubs, and flugs, 
being often prevalent in them, great injury may be fuf- 
tained by the firft crops from thefe caufes ; coniequently 
the proce'fs of paring and burning iliould be adopted, or 
the ufe of the trench-plough, that thefe and the graffy 
material may be got quit of as much as poftible. And 
in this view it has likewife been adviled, as of much ad¬ 
vantage, to have fuch lands kept as clofely fed down as 
poftible before the time of breaking them up ; as by fuch 
a pradice lefs ova may be deposited by the fly, and con¬ 
iequently fewer of fuch injurious animals generated. But 
in all fuch cafes, beans are coniiderably lefs liable to buf¬ 
fer injury in this way than peafe. 
II. On Soils of the found Loamy Kinds, where Fallows are ex¬ 
cluded. 
Course. Course. 
1. Turnips, or i. Turnips. 
2. Barley, 2. Ruta baga. 
3. Clover, 3. Barley. 
4. Wheat, 4. Clover. 
5. Cabbages, 5. Beans. 
l 6. Oats, 6. Wheat. 
7. Tares, 7- Beans. 
81 Barley, 8. Wheat. 
9. Beans. 
10. Wheat. 
On thefe courfes it may be obferved, that the foil muft 
be in a high ftate of fertility to fupport the frequent re¬ 
currence of thefe exhaufting grain-crops ; and that more 
green-crops will frequently be required. 
III. On the rich Kinds of fandy Soils.~i. Turnips. a. Bar¬ 
ley. 3. Carrots. 4. Barley. 5. Clover. 6. Wheat. 
It would appear to be the prkdice of the belt arable 
diftrifts, on thefe two laft forts of foils, to have recourfe 
to turnips as a preparation for barley, and clover that for 
wheat, in this way :—1. Turnips. 2. Barley. 3. Clover. 
4.. Wheat. 
But in this courfe it may fometimes be proper to fub- 
ftitute oats in the place of the barley, as well as tares, 
chicory, or fome other kind of artificial grafs-feed, in the 
room of the clover. In bringing lands of thefe kinds 
into a ftate of tillage from that of grafs or fward, where 
the practice of paring and burning is employed, the pro¬ 
per courfe may be this:—3' Turnips. 2. Barley. 3. Clo¬ 
ver. 4. Wheat. 5. Turnips. 6. Barley. 7. Clover. 8. Wheat. 
9. Turnips. 10. Barley, with feeds. 
But, where the land is only to be kept a fliort time un¬ 
der the tillage-fyftem, a more proper courfe may be: — 
j. Turnips. * 2. Barley. 3. Clover. 4. Wheat. 5. Tur¬ 
nips. 6. Barley, with grafs-fecds. 
In cafes where paring and burning are not praftifed, 
which is not fo common, it may be the belt plan to begin 
tvith peafe, or peafe dibbled ; and then go on as above. 
But in cafes of this kind, the turnip and clover crops are 
conftantly to be eaten off, upon the land, by flieep, .or 
fome other kind of live-ltock. In the more dry and light 
foils, of this defcription, pea-crops may likewife be had 
recourfe to as a firft crop, efpecially the white fort under 
the dibbling pratii.ee; then going on with the other crops 
in the above manner. In cafes where potatoes'are begun 
with, it will be requiflte to have more of the ameliorate 
ing crops, in confequence of their greater effett in ex¬ 
haufting and injuring the land, as has been fnovvn by the 
experiments ftated above. 
In particular diftrids, on fome foils, merely of the 
fandy fort, it is alfo the practice to make turnips the pre¬ 
paration for both grafs and grain ; and experience has 
lhown that there are few of thefe foils fo light as not to 
afford fuch a crop. In cafes of this kind, the cou Ye is 
ufually this : 1. Turnips. 2. Barley. 3. Grafs-feeds. Here 
the grafles, being railed in the view of fheep-feed, Ihould 
of courfe be fuch as will Hand for fome time, as it is not 
by any means a good method to break up the land again 
too foon; for the flocks fed upoii the turnips in the win¬ 
ter feafon, are not provided with a due quantity of food 
on fuch new layers for their fummer fupport. 
In the county of Suffolk, as appears front the Agricul¬ 
tural Report of that diitrid, on the better kinds of fandy 
foils, the layers are frequently planted with peafe by dib¬ 
bling, to much advantage, after being broken-up, with¬ 
out being fed with fheep during the fummer feafon; the 
lucceeding crop of wheat being, in fuch methods, much 
larger. The following is confidered.as an excellent courfe 
on fuch forts of foil: 
1. Turnips. 
2. Barley. 
3. Trefoil and 
ray-grafs. 
4. Peafe dibbled. 
5. Barley. 
Or, where the foils f 1. Pare and bum 
are poor, or of the i for turnips, 
nature of heath or j 2. Turnips. 
flieep-walk,tobring j 3. Barley, with 
grals-feeds. 
them into cultiva¬ 
tion, l 
Where they are intended to be kept in tillage longer 
than this courfe, the turnip, barley, and grafs, crops, niay 
be alternately had recourfe to, until the fifth or feventli 
year, or even longer, where it is fuppofed neceflary. And 
here likewife, when potatoes are employed as "the firft 
crop after breaking-up, from their deteriorating property 
being confiderable, they muft be fucceeded by more nu¬ 
merous improving crops, as turnips and grafles, as lhown 
in the above courfes. In foils of this nature, which are 
of the poor, light, blowing, kind, their want of tenacity 
muft be correded by the ufe of earthy fubftances of the 
clayey kind in fuitable proportions, and the confuming 
of the crops upon the land by Iheep. But, where thele 
means cannot be had recourfe to, the courfe given above 
will be found highly proper and beneficial. 
IV. On the more dry Sorts of Soils, as the Limefone or Calca¬ 
reous Kinds, and thofe of the Gravelly end Flinty Defcriptions. ' 
Course, i. Turnips. 2. Turnips. 3. Barley. 4. Saint- 
foin for ten years or more, then pared and burned for, 
5. Turnips. 6. Barley. 7. Peafe. 8. Wheat. The dry, 
gravelly, and flinty, ioils, where of the lighter defcrip¬ 
tions, Ihould be cropped in fuch a way as that their moif- 
ture may be prelerved in them in the moft perfeft man¬ 
ner, and their fertility be impaired in the lealt poftible 
degree. In this lituation, two or more of the green fort 
of crops for one of grain may often he proper, as in the 
above courfes; or, In the following manner :—j: Turnips. 
2. Barley. 3. Clover. 4. Wheat. 5. Turnips; 6. Bar¬ 
ley, with grafs-feeds. 
And in many fituations and circumftances of fuch 
lands, peafe, tares, and cole, may be had recourfe to in the 
courfes with great propriety and benefit. And where 
flints are abundant, from having been fuppofed incapable 
of being performed with facility, it has’ been fuggefted 
that the turnips Ihould be flown thin, and a portion of 
cole-feed be blended with them, by which an abundant 
fupply of lheep-food may be afforded. It has been alfo 
advifed in thefe forts of foils, that the corn-crops, parti¬ 
cularly thofe of the fpring kind, Ihould be conftantly 
lbvvn early, where the land is fufiiciently dry, that they 
may be fo. forward as to cover the ground well before the 
hot feafon lets in, and thereby prevent the injury that 
muft be ftiRained by too much diflipation of their moif- 
ture. But that, on the heavier forts of foils of this na- 
3 ture. 
