HUSB 
the item, and of courfe to cover the furface of the land 
more effectually. The tick-bean is, however, fuppoied 
to afford a more abundant produce. Tire large treks'are 
the fort moftly grown in the county of Kent, where the 
bean-hnfbandry is practifed to conliderable extent; but 
in Effex, where the fyitem of cultivating beans alfo pre¬ 
vails,'the '/mail ticks-afe held in the higheit eftimation, as 
on the itrong lands of that diftrift they are moftly found 
to afford ft ill more abundant produce; and in the market 
this is the fort that generally produces the belt price. 
Some of the later" or garden kinds have been recently 
•introduced into the field hufbandry. Of tliefe the maza- 
gan and Mumford, the long-pod, and the Windfor, are 
the forts that are chiefly cultivated. Thefe large kinds 
of beans, however, cultivated in the field, except within 
reach of the London marker, where they can be lold in 
the pods green, anfwer no good purpofe. 
The ingenious author of the Syncpfis of Hufbandry, 
remarks, that the proper time for planting beans is early 
in February ; though it may be done to advantage till 
the latter end of March, if the weather prevent their 
being got. in at an earlier feafon ; blit in general it is 
belt to embrace the firft opportunity of lowing them after 
(Candlemas, as they often mifcarry if the feafon be pro- 
craftinated beyond that time, efpecially if a dry fumliter 
fhould fucceed. In purchafing beans for feed,-care fhould 
be taken to choofe Inch as are hard and bright, without 
being llirivelled in their appearance. 
Beans are for the moft part fown broadcaft, either on 
the ltubble, before ploughing, or on the new-turned-up 
furrows. Sometimes beans are planted in the bottom of 
every fecond or third furrow, and afterwards liorfe and 
band hoed. In a few diftrifts they are fown with a drill- 
machine, and at fuch diftances in the rows as to leave 
fufiicient fpace, either for hand-hoeing, when that only 
is intended, or for liorfe and hand-hoeing, when it is 
purpofed that both thefe operations fhould be performed. 
St muft at once appear obvious, that either of thefe laft- 
mentioned methods is preferable to fowing the feeds broad¬ 
caft, as a better opportunity is not only afforded of clean¬ 
ing the ground property, but a more abundant return, 
and a produce of fu.perior quality, infured. 
Mr. Young thinks, that, on land which is inclined 
to moilfure, the preparation for this crop fhould be as 
follows : Early in autumn-lay on the manure, and imme¬ 
diately plough the land into ridglets 1 of two feet fix 
inches wide; in which ftate let it lie until the feafon for 
.planting, when the feed may be dibbled in, one row of 
beans into the middle of each ridglet, at the difcance of 
about three inches from bean to bean. They fiiould be 
immediately covered ; which may be done by children, 
with a garden rake or hoe, or, ihould the furface of the 
land be dry and crumbly, a iiorfe with a bufn-harrow 
fhould be ufed. The difcance between the rows will not 
prevent’the crop from completely covering the ground, 
efpecially if the land was manured for them, as they will 
branch out tideways three or four ftout items from each 
root. They fhould be early planted, in order fco their 
getting fufiicient root-hold of the land, and procuring 
lhade againft the hot weather lets in. It is alfo fome le- 
curity againft the infeft called the black dolphin, which is 
the greateft enemy the bean is expofed to. They require 
a foil that can feldom be worked without damage during 
the winter and fpring; confequently it ought to be ma¬ 
nured and gathered into ridges in the autumn. 
Mr. Young, however, remarks, in the Survey of Suffolk, 
that it is there uncommon to give more than one earth 
for beans, and generally improper, as they love a whole 
firm furrow, and never.thrive better than on a layer. But 
there are many different methods of planting beans. 
Some fow this pulfe by broadcaft, which is by no means 
an eligible way, fince much of the feed will be left above 
ground, and a great part of that which is covered by the 
harrow will not be covered to a proper depth ; and many 
other objections may be urged againft this method of 
Vol. X. No. 683. 
ANDRY, MS 
fowing at; random. I11 fome diftrifts, as Middlefex, Sur¬ 
rey, &c. the‘method is, to plant this pulfe in rows ftrick- 
en out by a line, by which a great faving is made in the 
article of feed, a circum.fiance which is thought to corn- 
penfatc for the extraordinary 'charge, of this mode of huf¬ 
bandry ; and thus far it may be fairly acknowledged, 
that the method of planting beans b)r the dibble is greatly 
to be preferred to that of fovying the feed at random. 
The rows are marked out one foot afunder, and the feed 
planted in holes made two inches apart; the lines-are 
ft retched acrof’s the. land, which are formed about fix feet 
over, fo that* when one row is planted, thefticks to which 
the line is fattened are "moved by a regular measurement to 
the diftan.ee required, and the fame-.method purified till 
the field is completed. Such is the method of plantings 
beans by the dibbler; but the neateft and moft expediti¬ 
ous way of fowing them, Specialty the field-bean, is that 
purfued by the Kentifti farmers. -The ufual courfe in 
that county, is to plough up the,oat or barley erihes or 
grattens, which are defigned for beans, foon after the 
wheat-feafon is finiftied, in which condition the fallows 
are to lie till towards Candlemas, or later, as the ftate of 
the weather or the farmer’s occafion may require, and' then 
to ftrike out the furrows. 
Eleven furrows to a row’s breadth is the ufual width 
of fetting out the rows, though fome prefer a wider fpace, 
whilft others ftrike them {till narrower'; and-this differ¬ 
ence in the width of the rows is the caufe why the farm¬ 
ers vary fo effentially in refpeft to the quantity of feed 
to be fown on the fame given fpace of ground ; for, 
whilft fome will content themlelves with an allowance of 
two bufhels per acre, others will throw a fack of beans 
upon the fame compafs of land, When the furrows are 
ftruck at the difiance mentioned, two bufhels and a half 
of middle-fized tick-beans are fufiicient to feed an acre, 
and on good land (for if the ground be not either rich in 
itfelf, or rendered fertile by manure, it is of little confe- 
quence to attempt the cultivation of this crop,) a farmer 
ftands a fairer chance for a crop when the beans are thinly 
planted, than when a more liberal quantity of feed is al¬ 
lowed ; for, when beans ftand fo very thick in the rows, 
they never pod fo well as when the (talks are lefs crowd¬ 
ed; and, although the crop of liaulm may he more abun¬ 
dant, the increafe will not be adequate to the large bulk 
of ft haw. 
In Suffolk, Mr. Secretary Young fays, beans have been 
dibbled by fome a row on every flag; by others, on every- 
other flag. He has found it more advantageous to plant 
in clufters of four or five beans in every hole ; and eight 
or nine inches from hole to hole, which admits of much 
better hoeing than when more thickly fet. Dibbling, 
fays he, is the moft effective method of cultivating beans. 
He objefts to the drill-plough for beans ; for as thefe 
pulfe, efpecially the larger ticks, are very unequal in fize, 
they caunot be let out of the hopper with fufiicient regu¬ 
larity ; and by this inequality many yards of ground in the 
length of a furrow will be often left vacant from the ca- 
fuat obftruftion of a large bean; and, when this is re¬ 
moved, numbers of a fmaller fize crowd to the chafm, 
and fhoot out of the hopper for a confiderable fpace, till 
another large bean intervenes to obftruft the paflage, and 
thus the crop makes a very unfightty- appearance in the 
rows, and at the time of harveft is very unequal; the in¬ 
jury in large fields being not inconfiderable; for, in thofe 
parts of the furrows where no. beans had been fown, an 
increafe cannot be expected ; and thofe which are huddled 
together by a quart or more in a fpot, will, from the 
thicknefs of their growth, in courfe, come to little. 
In the Synopfis of Hufbandry it is recommended as a 
good method to roll and harrow beans in the latter end 
of March. By the roller, the clods are broken fo as to 
afford ffefh nourifhment to the roots; and the harrows 
following this operation pulverize and loofen the furface, 
flattened and baked down by the rains in the preceding 
months by which the beans are confiderably aflilted in 
