588 
HUSBANDRY. 
Cambridgeflure. It poflefles the faculty of drawing the 
drill, lowing the peafe, and covering them at the fame 
time, with the utmoft regularity, as the drill is never in 
danger of being choaked. It is worked by hand, and 
will perform more than a man and horfe in a day with 
the common drill. For this invention the Society of Arts, 
Sec. prefented Mr. Green with their filver medal and ten 
guineas, as an acknowledgment of its general utility. 
This drill is corre&ly delineated in the Hu/bandry Plate 
V. at: fig. i. 
The wheels are placed upon a wooden axis B, which is 
fq-uare at each end, but round in the centre. The fquare 
ends of the axle have holes throughout them, at different 
diftances, in order to depofit th# feed at nearer or more 
diftant intervals, as may be wanted. C is the box, in 
which the feed is placed : the axis B is cylindrical, and 
has holes made therein proper to receive the feeds, which 
by the revolution of the axis are carried forwards, and 
fall through an iron tube into the interftice in the ground 
opened for them by the /hare D. When depofited in the 
ground, they are covered, or the earth drawn over them, 
by two iron pins or ferapers E, fixed on each fide of the 
tube, and extending fome inches behind it. F F, the 
handles of the drill-machine, by which it is puflied 
forwards. 
Fig^2, fhows an enlarged view of the interior of the 
feed-box C, above-mentioned, and holes for the feeds, 
placed in a fpiral line, in order to drop the feeds more 
regularly. There is a fmall brufh within the box, which 
rubs againft the cylinder, to keep the holes clear to receive 
the feeds. 
Fig. 3, a fedtion of the machine, where A is part of the 
feed-box. B, the round part of the axle, which delivers 
the feed. D, the fltare which opens the earth. E, the 
feraper, as before. H, the tube through which the feed 
falls. I, the mouth of the tube, and one of the fins which 
draws together the foil, and covers the feed. K, a fmall 
door, to be opened occafionally if the roller or tube are 
out of order. L, a ftrong flat board, to which the iron¬ 
work is ferewed. 
Fig. 4, fhows an enlarged plan of the iron-work when 
the machine is reverfed. D, the fhare. I, the hole from 
which the feed is dropped. E E, the two fins, or ferapers, 
which colleft the earth and cover the feed. 
Improved Drill-Plough —Conftrufl ed in fuch a man¬ 
ner as to fow at once two rows of beans, peafe, or wheat. 
This machine is wrought by two horfes. A, fig. g, is the 
hopper for containing the feed; B, circular boxes for re¬ 
ceiving the feed from the hopper; CC, two fquare boxes 
which receive the feed from fmall holes in the circular boxes 
as they turn round ; and laft of all, the feed is dropped 
into the drills through holes in the fquare boxes behind 
the coulters D. The cylinder E follows, which, together 
with the wheel F, regulates the depth of the coulters, and 
covers the leed ; the harrow G comes behind all, and co¬ 
vers the feed more completely. H H, two Aiders, which, 
when drawn out, prevent the feed from falling into the 
boxes; and I, is a ketch which holds the rungs, and pre¬ 
vents the boxes from turning, and loling feed at the 
ends of the ridges. 
Drill for Turnips. —This drill, fhown at fig. 6, is 
conflrufted with folid wheels, and ufed for drilling tur¬ 
nip-feed, clover, rape, Sec. It is extremely light, and will 
pafs over a great deal of ground in a day. 
Improved Drill for Turnips. —This machine, cor¬ 
rectly delineated at fig, 7, is conftruCtcd in the fhape and 
form of a wheelbarrow, and employed with confiderable 
advantage in the tlrill-hufbandry of his grace the duke of 
Bedford. It lows turnip-feed, rape, lucerne, and any of 
the grafs-feeds, with great truth and facility. At fig. 8 
is a fcCtion of the feed-box on a larger fcale, fhovving 
the manner in which it is pierced for the feeds to efcape 
when /'owing. 
Cook’s common Drill-Machine. —This machine is 
in general ufe in the drill-hufbandry; and is correCtly de¬ 
lineated at fig. 9. A, the upper part of the feed-box. 35 , 
the lower part of the fame box. C, a moveable partition, 
with a lever, by which the grain or feed is let fall at plea- 
fure from the upper to the lower part of the feed-box, 
from whence it is taken up by cups or ladles applied to the 
cylinder D, and dropped into the funnel E, and conveyed 
thereby into the furrow or drill made in the land by the 
coulter F, and covered by the rake or harrow G. II, a 
lever, by which the wheel 1 is lifted out of generation 
with the wheel K, to prevent the grain or feed being /bat¬ 
tered upon the ground, while the machine is turning 
round at the end of the land, by which the harrow G is 
alfo lifted from the ground at the fame time, and by the 
fame motion, by means of the crank, and the horizontal 
lever hh. L, a Aiding lever, with a weight upon it, by 
means of which, the depth of the' furrows or drills, and 
confequently the depth that the grain or feed will be de¬ 
pofited in the land, may be readily afeertained. M, a 
ferew in the coulter-beam, by turning of which, the feed- 
box B, is elevated or depreifed, in order to prevent the 
grain or feed being cruflied or bruifed by the revolution of 
the cups or ladles. R, a rake with iron teeth, to be ap¬ 
plied to the under fide of the rails of the machine, with 
ftaples and ferew-nuts at nn, by which many ufeful pur- 
pofes are anlwered, viz. in accumulating couch-grafs into 
rows, and as a fcarificator for young crops of wheat in the 
fpring, or to be ufed.upona fallow; in which cafe, the feed- 
box, the ladle-cylinder, the coulters, the funnels, and har¬ 
rows, are all removed. In this lide-view the machine is 
delineated, for the fake of perfpiquity, only with one feed- 
box, one coulter, one funnel, one harrow, See. but the 
complete machine is furnifhed with five coulters, five har¬ 
rows, feven funnels, a feed-box in eight partitions, See. 
with ladles of different fizes, for different forts of grain, 
feeds, &c. ' 
Thefe machines equally excel in fetting or planting all 
forts of grain and feeds, even carrot-leed, to exabhiefs, af¬ 
ter the rate of from eight to ten chain acres per day, with 
one man, a boy, and two horfes. They depofit the grain 
or feed without grinding or buifing it in any quantity, 
from one peck to three bu/hels per acre, regularly and 
uniformly, and at any given depth, from half an inch to 
half a dozen inches, in rows at ti e diftance of twelve, 
fixteen, and twenty-four inches, or any other at pleafure. 
They are equally ufeful on all lands, durable and eafy to 
manage. The ladle-cylinder D, is furni/hed with cups or 
ladles of four different fizes for different forts of grain or 
feeds, which may be diffinguilhed by the numbers 1, a, 3,4. 
N° 1. (the fmalleft fize) is calculated for turnip-feed, clo¬ 
ver-feed, cole-feed, rape, Sec. and will fow fomething more 
than one pound per ftatute-acre. N° 2. for wheat, rye, 
hemp, flax, &c. .and will low fomething more than one 
bufhel per acre. N° 3. for barley, and will low one 
bufliel and a half per acre. N° 4. for beans, oats, peale, 
vetches, Sec. and will fow two bu/hels per acre. But, not- 
vvithftanding the above l'pecified quantities of grain or 
feeds, a greater-or lefs quantity of each may be fown at 
pleafure, by /topping up with a little clay, or by adding a 
few ladles to each refpeftive box. The grain or feeds in¬ 
tended to be fown, muff be put in tho/e boxes to which 
the cups or ladles as above deferibed refpectively belong, 
an equal quantity into each box, and all the other boxes 
empty. The ladle-cylinder may be reverfed, on turned 
end for end at pleafure, for different forts of grain, as oc- 
caiion may require. And for fowing beans, oats, peafe. 
Sec. with a five-coulter machine, four large ladles muff 
occafionally be applied at equal diffances round thofe parts 
of the cylinder which fubtend the two end boxes. For low¬ 
ing barley, eight large ones muff be applied as above ; or 
four ladles, N- 0 2. to each of the wheat-boxes. Thefe ad¬ 
ditional ladles are fixed on the cylinder with nails, or 
taken off’ in a few minutes; but for fowing with a four- 
coulter machine, thefe alterations are unnecefiary. The 
funnels are applied to their refpeftive places by corre- 
Iponding numbers. Care ihould be taken that the points 
