HUSBANDRY. 
SQO 
The parts of this improved drill are as follows : A A, 
the fhafts of the machine, applied to the axis of the wheels, 
ib that the horfp may go on the land, or in the furrow, 
without fetting a foot upon the lands. B B, the wheels. 
CB, coulter-beam, with holes ormortifes for the coulters 
at different diftances. D D, handles of the machine, ap¬ 
plied to the coulter-beam, all'o to the axis of the wheels, 
by hooks and eyes, or flaples. EE, upper feed-box, in 
partitions, covered by a lid, to protect the grain or feed 
from wind or rain. F F, lower feed-box in partitions. 
G G, Hides between the upper and lower feed-boxes, for 
regulating the quantity of feed foWn. HH, cylinder 
with cups or ladles of different fizes, for different forts 
of grain or feeds; by which the grain or feeds are taken 
up, and dropped into the funnels 11, and conducted 
thereby into incifions or drills made in the land by the 
coulters K K. *L, a hook applied to the axis of the wheels ; 
and /, a chain applied to the coulter-beam, the laft link 
of which being put upon the low'eft hook, will prevent 
the tubes of the funnels from being difplaced, when the 
machine is croffing deep furrow's or gutters. M, a pin 
of iron projecting from the coulter-beam, which being 
lifted on the hook L, at the end of the land, will bear 
the coulters out of the ground, while the machine is turn¬ 
ing round, or on any other occafion, without any labour 
to the perfon who attends the machine, in fupporting 
them. N, a cog-wheel. O, a cog-wheel turned by the 
wheel N. P, a lever and firing, palling ever a pulley to 
the axis of the cylinder H ; by moving the lever P to the 
notch in the ftaple Q, the wheel O v.'ill be lifted out of 
generation with the wheel N, by which means the diftri- 
bution of grain or feed may be flopped at pleafure, in an 
inflant, at the end of the land, or on any other occafion. 
R, an iron bar with holes in it, by means of which, and a 
pin going through the holes, the feed-box may be ele¬ 
vated or depreffed, fo as to keep the lid of the box hori¬ 
zontally level, whether going up or down fleep hills, or 
on level ground. SS, two ffaples in the ends of the feed- 
box, for the reception of two flips of wood, with canvas 
to prevent the wind from interrupting the grain or feed ; 
alfo to prevent dirt or foil falling from the wheels into 
the funnels. 
The Horse-Hoe adapted to this machine, is deline¬ 
ated at fig. 2. The fhafts, the axis, and wheels, the coul¬ 
ter-beam, with the handles, &c. are exactly as in fig. i, 
being part of the fame machine, and is convertible into a 
liorfe-hoe with fix fhares, by taking away the feed-box 
EE, the cylinder HH, the funnels II, and the coulters 
KK, and introducing the hoes AAAAAA, in the 
places of the coulters. B, a guide projecting from the 
hoe-beam, which is ufeful in influencing the direction of 
the hoes, fo as to avoid cutting-up or injuring the rows 
of corn. Hence the value of this horfe-hoe. 
The method of ufing this improved drilling-machine, 
is in many refpefts the fame as that which has been men¬ 
tioned above. When the horfe is put in the fhafts, care 
fhould be taken that the chains or tugs by which he 
draws are of equal lengths ; otherwife the machine will 
have a conflant tendency to deviate from the horle’s line 
of traftion. But when the horfe goes in the furrow, the 
near fide may be fomewhat fhorter; and a chain may be 
extended from the end of the crofs-bar to a part of the 
fhaft near the horfe’s fhoulder. In going from the farm 
to the field, or returning from the field to the farm, the 
pin or guide M muff be lifted on to the hook L, which 
will bear the coulters off the ground. And when going 
on rough roads, if the coulter-beam C C and the axis of 
the wheels are lafhed together by a rope or chain, it will 
prevent the coulters receiving any injury by coming lud- 
denly to the ground. 
The grain or feed muff be put in the upper boxes EE, 
an equal quantity in each box. By railing or lowering 
the Aides G G, a greater or lefs quantity of grain or feed 
may be fown at pleafure. When the Hides GG are as 
low as they can be, the wheat-cups will fow fomething 
3 
more than three pecks of wheat per acre; and more in 
proportion the higher they are railed, not exceeding one 
bufliel and a half, when railed as high as they can be, in 
rows at nine inches apart. The cups for barley, when 
the Hides are as low as they can be, will fow one bufheft 
per acre ; hnd more in proportion as the Hides are raifed, 
not exceeding two bufitels, in rows at nine inches apart. 
The cups, when the Hides are as low as they can be, will 
fow two bufhels of beans, oats, peafe, &c. per acre; and 
more in proportion as they are raifed. The funnels, II, 
See. are all fet for drilling at nine inches, fix coulters being 
fixed in the coulter-beam, at the diftance of nine inches 
from each other. For drilling at twelve inches apart, five 
coulters muff be fixed in the beam, at eleven inches and 
a quarter from each other. For drilling at eighteen 
inches apart, three coulters muff be fixed in the left end 
of the beam at eighteen inches from each other. P’or 
drilling at twenty-two inches, three coulters muff be 
fixed in the beam, one at each end, and one in the mid¬ 
dle. In level lands, without ridge and furrow, if the at¬ 
tendant on the machine cannot find a flraight fide to be¬ 
gin at, he fhould mark out with flicks or bufhes a flraight 
line, along one fide of the field, for his direction ; and 
when drilling at nine inches, in order to make the fpace 
between the two adjoining rills, as he returns, equal to 
the reft, the wheel of the machine muff be brought very 
near the laft impreflion of the coulter, and three inches- 
more diftant from the laft impreflion of the coulter when 
drilling at twelve inches. And of other diftances accord¬ 
ingly.. 
When the machine approaches the land intended to be 
drilled, the lever P fhould be lifted from the notch in 
the ftaple Q, when the coulters are two feet on this fide 
the exaft place where feed fliould be depofited ; and the 
pin M removed from the hook L, by lifting up the han¬ 
dles DD. When the machine arrives at the end of the 
land, the lever P muff: be moved to the notch Q, which 
will flop in an inflant the dillribution of the feed, and 
the pin M lifted on the hook L, which will fupport the 
coulters out of the ground while the machine is turning 
round. 
If the coulter fhould not make the incifions or drills 
fomething more than two inches deep in light lands or 
loams, and one and a half in ftrong clays or wet foils, 
they may be forced into the ground by the hand ; or by 
weights, or a beam of wood four feet long and three or 
four inches thick, being fufpended by chains of cords at 
the hooks T T in the handles of the machine for that 
purpofe. In drilling narrow high-ridged lands, the out- 
fide coulters may be lowered, and the middle ones raifed, 
fo that the points of the coulters may form the fame 
curve which the ridge forms. The top of the feed-box 
when fiiut, fhould be kept horizontally level, whether 
going up or down fleep hills or on level ground. This 
will make the diftribution of the feed uniformly the fame.. 
The higher the front edge of the box is raifed upon the 
bar R, the feed will delcend more copioufly into the 
lower boxes, confequently a greater quantity will be dif- 
tributed. The lower funnels placed behind the coulters 
fhould be lafhed fall to the coulters with leathern thongs, 
or cords ; and if in lifting up the coulter-beam at the 
ends of lands, the upper funnels lhould, by chance, be 
difplaced, a fmall nail may be driven into the edge of the 
feed-box, clofe above the edge of each funnel, which will 
prevent the funnels being difplaced. 
When the Horse-Hoe is to be ufed for a crop of any 
kind of corn, drilled at nine inches apart, the horfe mult 
be conduced along the third row or drill, beginning to 
number the rows from the left-hand fide of the fix rows 
drilled at one operation of the machine. And the perfon 
who attends the hoes, muff keep the pin B, fig. 2, di- 
redlly over the third row of corn; and lb long as he does 
this, it will be impoffible for him to injure it in the lealt. 
But for horfe-hoeing corn at twelve inches apart, the 
horfe muft be conducted along the fecond fpace, between 
