594 II U S B A 
pleafure, by railing the hinder part, which is fixed to the 
body of the harrow by two joints, as fliown in the En¬ 
graving at fig. 3. 
Cur. wen’s Weed-Harrow.' —This is the invention of 
John Christian Curwen, eSq. M. P.’of Workington Hall 
in the county of Cumberland. It is calculated for clear¬ 
ing weeds from all crops in the drill-hufbandry, which it 
does with lingular facility. The fimplicity and eafe with 
which it is worked, is a great recommendation; a man 
and boy, with one horfe, being able to clean above feven 
acres of corn per day. The direction of the harrow, to 
prevent its injuring the grain, is effected by an alteration 
of the chain by which it is attached to the wheels. The 
distance of the teeth from the centre tooth mult be regu¬ 
lated by the width of the drills. In cafe they exceed a 
foot, the harrow fnould be broader, to admit of another 
row of teeth. To clean at nine inches, two inches and a 
half is allowed on each fide of the centre tooth, by which 
means every part of the foil is cut between the rows of 
grain. The fize and itrength of the teeth mu ft be regu¬ 
lated by the nature of the ground. A correft delinea¬ 
tion of this harrow is given in the Engraving at fig. 4. 
A Shows the carriage with the Shafts; the carriage wheels 
are intended to be half the width of the butts or Stitches, 
fo that once going up, and once returning, will be fuffi- 
cient to clear each butt from weeds. B, the harrow, 
which is attached to the carriage by the chains C C. The 
harrow may be raifed higher or funk lower, or placed 
more on one fide or another, as occafion may require, by 
altering the pofition of the chain. From D to D, fix 
double rows of teeth or knives, which are fo placed in the 
frame that each double row may pafs up the interval be¬ 
twixt the rows of com, and cut or pull up the weeds 
that grow in Such intervals without injuring the corn. 
EE, the two handles by which the perfon who holds 
them may direft the knives or teeth of the harrow to pafs 
in Straight lines up the intervals. 
Fig. 5, Shows the under fide of the weed-harrow, that 
the pofitions of the double rows of the knives, and of the 
fpace left to prevent the corn being injured, may he more 
clearly feen.—The Society of Arts and Manufactures, in 
r8o6, prefented Mr. Curwen with their gold medal for 
this invention, and his improved method of cultivating 
carrots for cattle. 
Quadruple Harrow. —This is quite a new inven¬ 
tion, confifting of four diftinft harrows, linked together by 
chains. The purpole of it is for breaking the Surface of 
newly-inclofed grounds, where much work and labour 
-are required. See a reprefentation of it in the Engraving 
at fig. 6. 
Knight’s Harrow. —This harrow is constructed with 
two joints, A A, in the axle-tree, as Shown at fig. 7, one 
of which is covered, as when the harrows are at work, 
the other uncovered, to Show the construction of the 
joint; and two joints, a a, in the front of the bar; by 
means of which the pliability of the tree, and that of the 
bar, humours the wheels, and keeps them in their proper 
directions in the furrow ; and, requiring very little Scope 
of ground, the turnings are rendered very convenient 
and eafy. If, in the courfe of working the land, a farmer 
varies in the breadth of nis furrows, it is contrived, in 
order to make the harrow narrower, that part of the bar 
B, which is fattened by two pins b b, may be taken off 
when requisite; part of the axle-tree, and part of the 
hind bar C, both which tire fastened by the iron bolt D, 
are alfo to be removed; and the remaining outward parts 
to be joined and fattened by one of the two pins in the 
bar, and by a Shorter bolt d., Shown Separate in the En¬ 
graving, and intended for the axle-tree and hind bar. 
If the farmer Should work two horfes which are une¬ 
qual in height, the horizontal direction, or evennefs of 
the joints, may be deftroyed in Some degree ; to remedy 
and Supply this deficiency in the horl'es, the whipple-tree 
E, is made to be heightened or lowered by means of 
jiotches e, alfo fliown Separate, to which it is connected 
N D R Y. 
by a ring. In light barley-lands, when you accommodate 
your harrow for one horfe, there are two Strings conveyed 
by two rings from the axle-tree, through two loops f, 
under the front bar. The wheel F, under the hind bar, 
which is Shown enlarged and feparate in the plate, will 
fupport the bar ; and, by this aSfiSlance, the harrow is 
co.nvejmd to the field on the axle-tree bar, as a fubftitute 
fora Sledge; there are alfo two wooden pegs gg, by which 
the harrows,-when turned upon the .carriage, are Secured. 
Should it be objected, that the harrow will prove ex¬ 
pensive on account of the iron, an axle-tree and joints 
may be readily conftruCted in wood, upon the fame prin¬ 
ciples, as Shown in the plate feparate at G ; though pre¬ 
ference lhould be given to iron. If the wheel under rhe 
hind-bars Should not be adopted, there is a Slider H, 
Shown feparate, which works with a pin, and, when not 
wanted, is turned and fastened under the axle-tree. 
As it is found by experience to be very ufeful to 
heighten or lower the harrows occafionally, particularly 
on broad lands riling in the middle ; where of courfe the 
middle harrow takes moft hold, and generally requires 
the lealt; this may be eafily effected, by fixing irons, 
with notches, like thofe on the fore bar, by which the 
wliipple-trees are fupported, on the hind bar, inStead of 
the hocks, and putting the hooks on thole irons. 
In the Husbandry Plate IX. we have given a feries of 
fundry new implements, which we Shall proceed to de- 
fcribe, as follows : 
Waistell’s New Horse-Hoe. —This implementconi- 
Sifts of a hoe and a harrow combined. For destroying' 
the weeds, and pulverising the foil in the intervals of 
drilled turnips, and of other crops drilled Sufficiently wide 
to be horfe-lioed, there appears to be no other implement 
cf equal efficacy. It enables the farmer to cultivate thoSe 
intervals as completely as a well-wrought fallow, So long 
as the horfe can travel therein without injury to the 
growing crop. They are highly approved of by farmers 
in the neighbourhood of Barnard Caftle, where the tur¬ 
nip-crops are now generally railed in drills about twenty- 
feven inches apart. This ufeful implement is correCtly 
reprefented in the Engraving at fig. 1, to which the horfe 
is to be attached by the upright iron A, in which are a 
number of holes to admit the drag-chain to be put higher 
or lower as may be found neceffary. This iron is at orre 
end fixed firm in the fore-part of the machine at B, and 
at the other end to the further fide or wing C. D is the 
nearer fide or wing of the machine, and moveable by a 
joint at E. This wing may by this mean be expanded or 
contracted, as the interval between the rows to be cleared 
of weeds may require. F, a Strong wedge-like tooth in 
the fore-part of the machine to tear up the weeds, which 
are deep in the ground. G G, other teeth more Slender, 
fixed in the two wings or Sides of the machine, and which 
are alfo intended to tear up weeds, and loofen the earth. 
H H H, three triangular hoes. That which is in front has 
a Strong iron fixed in its centre ; the two others at the 
hinder part of the machine have the irons fixed at the 
further comer of each. The intent of the centre hoe is 
to cut off the weeds on each fide next the crop, and to 
lay all the weeds in a ridge-like form in the middle of 
the path, to dry and rot. 11, the handles by which the 
machine is managed. K, a Slender iron bar, with a peg 
and holes to direct the distance of the expansion or con¬ 
traction of the machine. L, a Strong iron vice, which 
works in a grooved iron, fixed to the inner fide of the 
wing D, and which, when fcrewed down, holds the ma¬ 
chine firm at the distance of expansion wanted for ule. 
M, in a feparate piece in the plate. Shows on a larger 
fcale one of the hinder hoes feparate from the machine, 
and the manner by which it may occafionally be railed 
or lowered in the machine by a pin and boles. 
The Cultivator. —This ufeful implement is deline¬ 
ated at fig. 2, and is the invention of Mr. Cook, to whole 
ingenuity agriculturists are fo much indebted. It con- 
flits of a diagonal beam,-in which are fixed a number of 
narrow 
( 
