649 
HYP 
■fliinly branched, the joints remote; branches oppofite, 
'fliort, (lender, and like the (tern. Leaves in diftant pairs, 
'triangularly.-cordate orobtufely-ovate,(hitting-, embracing, 
nearly horizontal; deep green above, giaucpus beneath, 
■with numerous femitranfparent dots, particularly near the 
edge.and top, more (olid to the touch than in the dther 
fpecies, and frequently of a bright red colour towards the 
bottom ; thole on the branches three times (inaller than 
the ftem-leaves, and thofe on the peduncles lanceolate. 
Native of molt parts of Europe, in -woods, on heaths, 
-banks, and in hedges, efpecially in a clayey foil; flower¬ 
ing in June and July. 
50. Hypericum nummylarium, or money-wort-leaved 
St. John's wort: calyxes ferrate-glandular, leaves cordate- 
orbicular, fmooth. This is a very (mail plant. Steins 
two or three, round, fimple, five or fix inches long, prol- 
tratei The leaves differ from thofe of all the other fpe- 
-cies in being thick and flefhy, though very hard, and uni¬ 
form throughout. Native of Dauphine, near the Grande 
Chartreufe. 
51. Hypericum Japonicum", or Japanefe St. John’s wort: 
leaves feffile, ovate, entire; Item herbaceous, four-cornered, 
decumbbnt at the bale. Stem fmooth, feldom branched, a 
foot high. It differs from H. quadrangulum in being 
many times fmaller, and in having a weak Item decum¬ 
bent at the bafe : from H. perforatum in the fame cir- 
eumftances, and in having a quadrangular Item. Native 
of Japan ; flowering in June. 
52. Hypericum eredtum, or upright St. John’s wort: 
leaves ftem-clafping, lanceolate, acute ; Item round, her¬ 
baceous. Native of the mountains of Japan ; flowering in 
Augult. _ , 
53. Hypericum coris, or heath-leaved St. John’s wort: 
calyxes ferrate-glandular, leaves fubverticillate. Stem 
round, a long lpan in height. Leaves glaucous, linear, 
narrow, like thofe of Linaria, in fours. This is an ele¬ 
gant little evergreen, forminga pretty bufh, and flowering 
during molt of the furnmer. Native of the fouth of Eu¬ 
rope, and many parts of the Levant, the Crimea, Sec. It 
was cultivated here in 164.0. 
III. With two ftyles. 54. Hypericum mutilum, or im- 
pfcrfedt St.John’s wort: leaves ovate, feffile. Leaves glau¬ 
cous, prefl'ed clofe to the Item, fcarcely confpicuous. Na¬ 
tive of Virginia, in watery places. 
55. Hypericum letofum, or briftly St. John’s vrort: 
leaves linear. Stem fhrubby, four-cornered, hairy, branch¬ 
ing like horfe-tail. Leaves very final], hairy, prelfed fo 
clofe to the Item as to be fcarcely vifible. Flowers gol¬ 
den-coloured. Native of Virginia and Carolina. Intro¬ 
duced in 17S7 by .Thomas Walter, efq. 
IV. With one ftyle. 56. Hypericum revolution, or re¬ 
volute St. John’s wort: -leaves linear-lanceolate, rolled 
back at the bafe; ftsmens fhorter than the corolla. Na¬ 
tive of Arabia. 
57. Hypericum monogynum, or monogynous St. John’s 
wort: ftamens longer than the corolla, calyxes coloured, 
item fhrubby. Root cempofed of many woody fibres fink¬ 
ing deep into the ground. Stems feveral, fhrubby, near two 
feethigh, covered witha purplifh bark. Leaves (tiff, fmooth, 
about two inches long, and a-quarter of an inch broad, op¬ 
pofite, feffile, of a lucid green on their upper furface, and 
grey underneath, having many tranlverfe veins running 
from the midrib to the border. It continues in flower from 
March to September. Native of China, whence the feeds 
were brought to Hugh duke of Northumberland ; the 
plants were raifed at Stanwick in 1753, and thence com¬ 
municated to the botanic garden at Chelfea. 
Propagation and Culture. Of the numerous fpecies above 
recited that have been introduced into culture in Europe, 
many are very hardy, and being perennial may eafily be 
increafed by parting the roots, as well as by letting the 
feeds fcatter. Thele hardy forts are 4, 5, 6, 13, 14, 22, 23, 
2.4, * 9 > 3 D 3 J> 36 > 37 . 3 &> 3 ?> 4 D 45 > 4 ^j 49 > 53 : and 55. 
The reft require the protection of a green-houl’e, but none 
are fo tender as to need the affiftance of a bark-ftove. See 
Ascyrum, Diosma, and Gordonia, 
Vox.. X. No. 694. 
II Y P 
‘3** ' ' 
HYPER'ICUM FRU'TEX. See Spirtea. 
HYPER'IDES, an eminent Grecian orator, native of 
Athens, and fon of Gjaucippus. He ftudied under Plato 
and liberates; and, cultivating the art of eloquence, be¬ 
came one of the moll diftinguifhed orators of his time, 
and acquired that fway in flate-affairs which the talent 
for public fpeaking never failed to obtain in the Athe¬ 
nian democracy. He appeared as.an accufer of Phocion, 
but was unable to fuiiftantiate his charge againft that 
virtuous patriot. The approach of Antipater obliged 
Hyperides, with the leading men of that party, to quit 
Athens, and he had an interview with Demofthenes, then 
a fugitive at EEgina. He was preparing to feek a fafer 
place of refuge,'when he was apprehended by Archias in 
the temple where he had taken fandluary, and carried 
to Antipater at Cleonas. It is faid that his tongue was 
cut out, by way of punifhment, before he was put to death. 
His body was left unburied till fome of his relation’s fe- 
cretly committed it to the funeral pile, and brought his 
alhes to Athens. The oratory of Hyperides is characle- 
rifed by Quintilian as being Angularly fvv.eet and acute, 
but fitter for little than great caufes. He reckons him a 
truly Attic fpeaker, but too luxuriant-;- and mentions an 
oration of his for the courtefan Phryne, as a-model of 
Grecian lubtlety or refinement. Photius fays that in his 
time there were extant fifty-two’ orations of Hyperides,. 
judged to be genuine, and twenty-five of dubious authen¬ 
ticity. None of them have reached modern times. 
HYPE'RION, a fon Ccelus and Terra, who married 
Thea, by whom he had Aurora, the fun and moon. Hype¬ 
rion is often taken by the poets for the fun itfelf; as iu 
the following examples.—Whereon hyper ion's quick’ning 
fire doth fhine. Shahefpeare. 
Till down the eaftern cliffs afar 
Hyperion's march they fpy, and glitt’ring (hafts of war. 
Gray. 
HYPER'METER, f. [e®£g,a-nd ^et§oj>, Gr.] Any thing 
greater than the ftandard requires.—When a man rifes be¬ 
yond fix foot, be is an hypermeter, and may be admitted 
into the tall club. Addifon. 
HYPERSARCO'SIS, J. [from vrr e£, and aa.i>v.as, Gi.J' 
The growth of fungous or proud fieih.—-Where the hy~ 
perfarcofis was great, 1 fprinkled it with precipitate, where¬ 
by I more l’peedily freed the ulcer of its putrefailion. 
Wijeman. 
HYPE'RIUS (Gerard-Andrew), a learned Lutheran 
divine, born at Ypres in Flaniders, in 1311. In 1528 lie 
was fent to Paris, to purfue his academical ftudies in the 
univerfity of that citju Accordingly, he proceeded to 
the place of his deftination, where lie ftudied philofophy 
for three years in the college of Calvi. He then entered on 
the ltudy of divinity, which he profecuted with diligence 
and reputation. He prepared to vifit the univerfity of 
Strafburg, particularly for the purpofe of converfing with 
Bucer; but, as- he palled through Marpurg, he met with a 
profefibr of divinity named Geldenhaur, who was one of 
his friends, and who, in order to keep him there, gave 
him hopes of fome employment in the univerfity of that 
city. Having fettled there in 1 J42, he was appointed to 
fucceed his deceafed friend in the theological chair. In 
difeharging the duties of this appointment, he acquitted 
liimfelf with great diligence and eminent reputation for 
more than twenty-two years. He died in 1564, about the age 
of fifty-three. He was the author of numerous works, fome 
of which were publifhed by liimfelf, and the reft after Ills 
death. They confift of Commentaries on different parts 
of icripture; theological Differtatious; controverfial 
trails; treatifes in rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, 
aftronomy, optics, natural philofophy, See. which Verhei- 
den fays would make up feven volumes in folio. 
HYPERMNES'T-RA, in fabulous liiftory, one of the 
fifty daughters of Danaus king of Argos. She alone re- 
fufed to obey the cruel order Danaus had given to all his 
daughters, to murder their hufbands the firft night of their 
marriage; and therefore faved the life of Lynceus, after 
8 C file 
