J A C 
j A C 061 
and dicing fwords, broad, thin, and of an excellent tem¬ 
per. Hayward. —A cup of waxed leather : 
Dead wine, that dinks of the borrachio, fup 
From a foul jack, or greafy maple cup. Dry den. 
A frnall bowl thrown out for a mark to the bovvlers.— 
’Tis as if one fhould fay, that a bowl equally polled, and 
thrown upon a plain bowling-green, will run neceliarily 
in a direct motion ; but if it be made with a byafs, that 
may decline it a little from a ftraight line, it may acquire 
a liberty of will, and fo run fpontaneoufly to the jack. 
Bentley. —A part of the mufical i'nftrument called a vir¬ 
ginal.—In a virginal, as foon as ever the /aoLfalleth, and 
toucheth the ftring, the found ceafeth. Bacon. — the male 
of animals.—A jack afs, for a ftallion, was bought for 
31291. 3s. 4d. Arbuthnct. —A fupport to faw wood on. AvnJ- 
zoorth. —The colours or enfign of a Ihip. Ainfzoprfh. —A 
cunning fellow who can turn to any thing, in die follow¬ 
ing phrafe: 
Jack of all trades, fliow and found ; 
An inverfe burfe, an exchange under ground. Cleveland. 
JACK, f. in mechanics, is an inftrument in common 
-ufe for raifing heavy timber, or very great weights of any 
kind ; being a certain Very powerful combination of teeth 
and pinions, and the whole inclofed in a ftrong wooden 
frock or frame, and moved by a winch or handle. 
Smoke-j acts., f. An engine ufed for the fame ptfrpofe 
with the common jack, and fo called from its being moved 
by means of the fmoke, or rarefied air, afeending the 
chimney, and driking againd the fails of a horizontal 
wheel. This viheel fhould be placed in the narrow part 
of the chimney, where the motion of the fmoke is fwifteft, 
and where alfo the greateft part of it mud ftrike upon the 
fails. The force of this machine depends upon the draught 
of the chimney, and the ftrength of the fire. 
JACK-BOOTS, f. [from jack, a coat of mail.] Boots 
■which ferve as armour to the legs.—A man on horfeback, 
in his breeches and jack-boots, dreffed up in a commode 
and a night-rail. Speklator. 
JACK-IN-A-BOX. See Hernandia. 
JACK-O’TIT CLOCK, f. An image that ftrikes the 
hour, like thofe at St. Dunkan's Church in Fleet Street: 
My time runs on in Bolingbroke’s proud joy, 
While I (land fooling here, his jack-o'tli clock. Skakefpeare. 
JACK-DAW, f. the Englifh name of a fpecies of cor¬ 
pus. See Corvus. —To impofeon a child to get by heart 
a long fcroll of phrafes, without any ideas, is a pradtice 
fitter for a jack-daw than for any thing that wears the 
fhape of man. Watts. 
JACK-FLAG, f. in a fliip, that hoiked up at the 
fprit-fh.il top-maft head. 
JACK by the HEDGE, f. The herb Erysium. — Jack, 
by the hedge is an herb that grows wild under hedges, is 
eaten as other falads are, and much ufed in broth. Mortimer. 
JACK-KETCH, J. [fuppofed to be from John Ketch, a 
noted hangman.] The common hangman in the city of 
London. 
JACK-A-LAN'TERN. An ignis fatuus. 
JACK-A-LENT, J. \_Jack in Lent, a poor ftarved fel¬ 
low.] A fimple lheepilh fellow.—You little jack-a-lent, 
have you been true to us ? Shakefpeare. 
JACK’S MOUNTAINS, mountains of United Ame¬ 
rica, in the date of Pennfylvania, fouth of Louidown. 
JACK-PUD'DING, f. A zani ; a merry Andrew.— 4 
buffoon is called by every nation by the name of the difli 
they like bed: in French jean pottage, and in Englilh jack¬ 
pudding. Guardian. 
Jack-pudding, in his party-coloured jacket, 
Tolies the glove, and jokes at every packet. Gray. 
JACKAL, f. {chacal, Fr.] A frnall animal, fuppofed 
to dart prey for the lion. See Canis, vol. iii. p. 724.—- 
The mighty lion, before whom ffood the little jackal, the 
Vol. X. No. 697. 
faithful fpy of the king of beads. Arbuthnot and Pope .—• 
Improperly fometimes accented on the lad fyllable : 
The Belgians tack upon our rear, 
And raking chafe-guns through our derns they fend: 
Clofe by their firefnips, Like jackals appear. 
Who on their lions for the prey attend. Dryden. 
JACKANAPES, f. A monkey; an ape ; a coxcomb; 
an impertinent.—People wonder’d how fuch a young up- 
dart jackanapes fhould grow fo pert and faucy, and take- 
fo much upon him. Arbuthnot. 
JAC'KET ,f. [jacquet, Fr.] A Ihort coat; a clofe waift- 
coat.-r-In a bine, jacket, with a crofs of red. ILubb. Tale. 
And hens, and dogs, and hogs, are feeding by; 
And. here a tailor’s jacket hangs to dry. Pope. 
To beat one's Jacket, is to heat the man.— She fell upon, 
the jacket of the parfon, who dood gaping at her. L'Ejtrange. 
JACKdSON (John), a learned Englilh divine, philofo- 
phical writer, and chronologid, who fiourifhed in the 
eighteenth century, was the fo'n of a clergyman of the 
fame name, at Senfey, near Tbirlk, in Yorklliire, where 
he was born in the year 1686. His father afterwards be¬ 
coming redtor of Rollington, and vicar of. Doncader, in 
the fame county, he was fent for education ip grammar- 
learning to Doncader fchool, where he had for his maker 
the celebrated Dr. Henry Bland, afterwards head maker of 
Eton fchool. Under his indrudiions he made fuch profi¬ 
ciency in claffical learning, that Dr. Bland, was frequently 
accultomed to devolve his office of . teacher on our young 
fcholar. Thus accomplilhed, he entered of Jefus college, 
Cambridge, in 1702 ; and, after profecuting bis academical 
dudies with becoming diligence, and learning Hebrew 
under the famous Simon Ockiey, he proceeded B. A. at 
the datutdble period. In the year 1707 he quitted the 
univerfity, and, as he was not of age to enter into orders, 
he engaged for l'ome months in the capacity of private 
tutor to the children of a gentleman in Derby (hire. Dur¬ 
ing the following year, he was admitted to deacon’s or¬ 
ders; and two years afterwards was ordained pried, 
when he entered into poffeffion of the redtory of Roffing- 
ton, which had been referved for him by the corporation 
of Doncader after the death of his father. Soon after this 
he married, and went to relide on his benfiece. In the 
year 1714, Mr. Jackfon commenced his career as an au¬ 
thor, by publilhing three letters in defence of Dr. Samuel 
Clarke’s Scripture Dodlrine of the Trinity, under the 
name of a country clergyman. The labours of this hardy 
volunteer in his unpopular caufe proved fo acceptable to 
the dodtor, that a correfpondence immediately took place 
between him and the author, which led to their perfonai 
acquaintance, and molt cordial and affectionate friendlhip. 
In the year 1714, likewife, Mr. Jackfon entered the lilts 
in the Bangorian controverfy, and proved an able defen¬ 
der of bilhop Hoadly in the caufe of liberty. The piece 
which he publilhed on this occafion met with a very Fa¬ 
vourable reception, and was entitled, “The Groqnds of 
Civil and Ecclefiadical Government briefly confidered; to 
which is added, a Defence of the Bilhop of Bangor againft 
the Objections of Mr. Law,” with the author’s name and 
place of refidence affixed. 
In the year 1716 Mr. Jackfon took up the gauntlet of a 
new antagoniit, the celebrated Dr. Waterland, againft 
whom he maintained the feutimentsof Dr. Clarke with in¬ 
defatigable diligence and fpirit for many years; purfuing 
him through the winding labyrinths and intricate mazes 
of the obfeure difpute; lirictly examining and canvaffing 
the text both of the Old and New Tedament; and col¬ 
lecting.the fenfe of the fathers, councils, hidorians, and 
writers, of different ages. After the appearance of Dr. 
Waterland’s Cale of Arian Subfcription copfidered, &c. 
in 1721, Mr. Jackfon engaged in a correfpondence with 
Mr. Whidon on that fubjedt, which led him finally to de¬ 
termine that he would never fubfcribe the thirty-nine ar¬ 
ticles any more. In confequence of this determination, 
2 F he 
