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his approach, fenfible of their imminent danger, they had 
recourfe to prayers, facrifices, and other afts of humilia¬ 
tion, in order to engage the protection of God for their 
deliverance. It is faid, that in this emergency Jaddua 
was divinely inftruCted in a dream, to go and meet the 
conqueror, arrayed in his pontifical robes, accompanied by 
all the prielts in their proper habits, and followed by the 
reft of the people dreifed in white garments. Accord¬ 
ingly, the next morning Jaddua ordered the gates of the 
city.to be opened, and.marched in folemn proceflion at 
the head of his attendants to an eminence at a fmall dif- 
tance. from the city, whence, as foon as they faw the king 
approach, they advanced to meet him. When they were 
come near the king, Alexander, as if ftruck with profound 
awe at the fpeffacle, haftened forwards, and bowed to the 
high-prieft, faluting him with religious veneration. His 
attendants were aftonilhed at the extraordinary fcene, and 
Parmenio took the liberty of alking him why he adored 
the Jewifti high-prieft. Alexander anfwered, that he did 
not adore the high-prieft, but God, whofe minifter he was ; 
and added, that when he was at Dium in Macedonia, 
and much troubled in mind about the preparations necef- 
fary for his expedition into Alia, he faw in a dream this 
very perfon, in his pontifical drefs, who encouraged him 
to lay afide anxiety, and to enter boldly on his projected 
undertaking, alluring him that God would be his guide, 
and give him the empire of the Perfians. He then gave 
orders to march on to Jerufalem, and was attended thi¬ 
ther by the high-prieft and his retinue, who conduced 
him to the temple, where he caufed a great number of 
victims to be offered to the God of the Jews. After¬ 
wards Jaddua ftiowed him the prophecies of Daniel, which 
predicted the overthrow of the Perfian empire by a Gre¬ 
cian king. Fully latisfied that he was the perfon defig- 
nated in thofe prophecies, Alexander proceeded on his 
expedition, with an aflurance of complete fuccefs in the 
Perfian war; but,before his departure, he alked the high- 
prieft if there was nothing in which he might gratify him, 
or his people. Upon this Jaddua told hint, that, accord¬ 
ing to the Mofaic law, they neither plowed nor fowed 
during every feventh year; and that therefore they Ihould 
elteem it as a high favour if the king would be plealed to 
remit their tribute in that year. To this requeft the king 
readily yielded; and, having confirmed them in the enjoy¬ 
ment of all their privileges, particularly that of living un¬ 
der their own laws, he then departed from Jerufalem. Such 
is the account which Jofephus gives; but fince he is the 
only hiftorian in whofe writings there are any memorials 
of fuch extraordinary circumltances, and fince they can¬ 
not be reconciled with the narratives of all other writers, 
fome of the moft judicious modem critics rejeCt the rela¬ 
tion of the Jewifh hiftorian as a fabulous tradition. It is 
certain however, that, if Jaddua did preferve his fidelity 
to Darius while Alexander was profecuting the fiege of 
Tyre, and by fo doing excited hoftile intentions in the 
conqueror’s mind again ft the Jews, the high-prieft found • 
means to appeafe his refentment; and alfo that Alexander 
conferred many diftinguifhed favours on the Jewifti na¬ 
tion, both in and out of Paleftine. Jaddua died in the 
year 323 B.C. 
JADE, f. [Etymology doubtful: Skinner derives it 
from gaad , a goad or l'pur. ] A horfeof no fpirit; a hired 
horfe; a wortftlefs nag.—The plain nag came upon the 
trial to prove thole to be jades, that made fport with him. 
VEJlrange. 
Falfe fteps but help them to renew their race. 
As, after Humbling, jades will mend their pace. Pope. 
A forry woman. A word of contempt noting fometimes 
age, but generally vice.— Get in, huffy: now I will per- 
lonatethis youngy’arir, and difeover the intrigue. Southern. 
In di’monds, pearl, and rich brocades. 
She lliines the firft of batter’d jades., 
And flutters in her pride. Swift. 
A young woman: in irony and flight contempt.—You 
fee now and then fome handlome youngyWw among them -. 
the Huts have very often white teeth and black eyes. Ad- 
dife'n. 
To JADE, v. a. To tire; to harafs; to difpirit; to 
weary ; applied originally to horles.—It is good in dif- 
courfe to vary and intermingle fpeecli of the prefent oc- 
cafion with arguments; for it is a dull thing to tire and 
jade any thing too far. Bacon. 
If fleet Dragon's progeny at laft 
Proves jaded, and in frequent matches call 
No favour for the ftallion we retain, 
And no refpect for the degen’rate ftrain. Dryden. 
To overbear; to crufh; to degrade; to harafs, as a horfe 
that is ridden too hard : 
If we live thus tamely, 
To be thus jaded by a piece of fcarlet. 
Farewell nobility. Shakefpeare. 
To employ in vile offices: 
The honourable blood 
Muff not be fhed by fuch a jaded groom. Shakefpeare, 
To ride; ~to rule with tyranny.—I do not now fool my- 
felf, to let imagination jade me: for every reafon excites 
to this. Shakefpeare . 
To JADE, v. n. To lofe fpirit; to fink.-^Many offer 
at the effects of friendlhip, but they do not laft: they are 
promifing in the beginning, but they fail and jade and 
tire in the profecution. South. 
JA'DE-STONE, f. in mineralogy. See Mineralogy 
and Serpentines. 
JA'DEL, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the province of 
Diarbekir: twenty miles north-weft of Rabba. 
JA'DERY, f Jadifti tricks : 
Seeks all foul means 
Of boift’rous and rough jad'ry, to diffeat 
His lord, that kept it bravely. Two noble Kinfmcn. 
JAD'GERON, a town of Perfia, in the province of 
Chorafan : thirty leagues fouth-weft of Mefchid. 
JAD'IDA, a town of Afiatic Turkey, fituated on the 
Euphrates: 124 miles weft of Bagdad. Lat 33.42. N. 
Ion. 60. E. Ferro. 
JA'DING, f The aft of tiring. 
JA'DISH, adj. Vicious; bad, as a horfe:. 
That hors’d us on their backs, to fhow us 
A jadijh trick at laft, and throw us. Hudibras. 
Unchaftej incontinent.—’Tis to no boot to be jealous of 
a woman; for, if the humour takes her to be jadfh, not 
all the locks and fpies in nature can keep her honelt. 
L'EJlrange. 
JA'DON, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
JAE'GER (John-Wolfgang), a learned German Lu¬ 
theran divine, was born at Stutgard in the year 1647. 
His father, who was counfellor of the difpatches to the 
duke of Wirtemberg, gave him the advantage of an ex¬ 
cellent education, by fending him to purfue his ftudies 
fuccefliveiy at the college in his native city, the convents 
of Hirfchau and Bebenhaufen, and the univerfity of Tu¬ 
bingen. He took his degrees in arts at the feminary laft- 
mentioned, and was admitted to the miniftiy in the year 
1671. But, before he entered on any particular charge in 
that profeftion, he was appointed tutor to the children of 
Eberhard III. duke of Wirtemberg. In the year 1676, 
he accompanied the hereditary prince on his travels in 
the capacity of tutor and chaplain ; and, after vifiting 
Swiflerland, Geneva, and Italy as far as Rome and Na* 
pies, returned with himin. the following year to Stutgard- 
In 168o, he was made profelfor-extraordinary of geogra¬ 
phy and the Latin clafflcs ; in 1681, Greek profelibr-in- 
ordinary ; in 1684, profeflbr of moral philofophy, and 
ep/wrus of the Jjipendium at Tubingen ; in 1688, profeilbr 
of logic and metaphyfics, and vifitor of the ichools of 
Wirtemberg: 
