684 ; JAN 
library lit Warfaw, a magnificent coll'eflion, which con¬ 
tains thq rare ft Polilh works, he refolved to carry his 
former plan into execution, and while engaged in this la¬ 
bour met with every encouragement from the royal pof- 
leflor. In this work he gives the titles of the books at 
full length, together with their contents ; relates the hif- 
tory of them ; makes known his opinion of their merits ; 
and interfperles the whole with intefefting anecdotes, re- 
fpecling the lives, fervices, and characters, of the authors. 
3. A Dictionary of living Authors in Poland, two parts, 
B reflaw, 1755, 8vo. 4. Polonia Literata noftri Tempo- 
rls;*Vratis; 1750-1756, 8vo. 5. Excerptum Polonicas 
Literatui'aj hujus atquc iuperioris FEtatis, 1764-1766. 6. 
Mularum Sarmaticarum Specimina nova, 1771, 8vo. 7. 
Sarmatica Literatura -noftri Temporis Fragmenta, Warfo- 
vias, 1773, 8vo. 8. Janociana, five clarorum atque illuf- 
trium Virorum Polonias Auflorum, Meceriatumque Me- 
morire mifcelfe, tom. ii. 1776-1779, 8vo. In this work 
Janozki gives a further account of the Polifir writers and 
of their productions. His information, betides authors, 
comprehends alfo the friends and promoters of the fciences, 
whether Poles or foreigners, fettled in that country; and 
therefore it includes an account of* learned men of vari¬ 
ous nations. The names are arranged alphabetically. 
JANRA'JA, / in botany. See Rajania. 
JAN'SALOOM. See Junkseilon. 
JANS'DORF, a town of Bohemia, in Chrudims three 
miles fouth-eaft of Leutmifchl. 
JAN'SEN (Cornelius), a learned Flemifn prelate in the 
•fixteenth centur}*, was born at Huift in the year 1510. 
After purfuing the lirlt part of his academical ftudies at 
Ghent, and finifhing his philofophy at Louvain, he ap¬ 
plied himfelf to the ftudy of theology, and particularly 
of the Scriptures. He officiated as profefl’or of theology 
for twelve years in the abbey of Tongerloo, belonging to 
the Premontre order ; during which time he wrote his 
Concordia Evangdica, accompanied with a commentary, 
containing the fubftance of.the leftures which he had read 
to the canons regular of that’ abbey. He was lent by 
Philip II. to the famous council of Trent, where he made 
himfelf refpefted by .his learning and modefty ; and upon 
his return to Flanders in 1568, he was nominated the firft 
biihop of Ghent. After he had worthily filled that poll 
for eight years, he died at Ghent in 1576, when about 
fixfy-fix years of age. Dupin pronounces him one of the 
moll uieful commentators upon the Scriptures who lived 
in the fixteenth century. He wrote, in the Latin lan¬ 
guage, A Paraph rale on the P-lalms, with numerous ex- 
teniiye notes, printed at Louvain in 1569 ; Notes on the 
Books of Proverbs, Ecclefiafticus, the Canticles and the 
•Book of Wifdom, printed after the author’s death, in 
1586; Commentaries upon fome Palfages in the Old Tef- 
tament, &c. 
JAN'SENISM, f. [In church hiftory.J The tenets or 
principles.of the janfenifts. 
JAN'SENIST,/ A follower of Janfenius. See Janse- 
kius (Cornelius). 
J'ANSE'NIUS (James), a learned profeffor of divinity 
at Louvain, was born at Amfterdam in the year 1547. 
His parents, who were catholics, defigned him for the 
ecclefiaftical profeffion. Accordingly, after'he had been 
inllrufted in grammar-learning, he W'as fent to the uni- 
verfity of Louvain in 1564, to itudy philofophy and the¬ 
ology. In the year 1575, he was admitted a licentiate 
in divinity; and in 1614, appointed firft prefident of the 
new Auguftine college. He was made dean of the colle¬ 
giate church of St. Peter’s at Louvain, He. died in 1625, 
when about feventy-eight years of age. His works, par¬ 
ticularly luch as are'exegetical, are held ip much elleem. 
The principal of them are, 1.. Expofitio in Prophetam Job, 
folio. 2. Comtnentarius & Expofitio in Plalmos Davidi- 
cos, 4to. 3. Comiyientarius in Canticum Canticorum, 
£v >. 4. Expofitio in Evangel. Joann. 8vo. 
JANSE'NIUS (Cornelius), the celebrated biihop of 
Ypix:, and leader of the fetid called after his name, was 
JAN 
defeended from Catholic parents, and born at the village 
of Acoy, near Leerdam, in Holland* in the year 1585. 
He commenced his ftudies at Utrecht; whence he removed 
to Louvain in the year 1602. In the year 1617 he took 
his degree of dodl'or of divinity with great reputation, 
and was admitted one of the profeffors in ordinary of that 
faculty. In this department he exhibited evidence -of 
fuch learning and abilities, and conducted himfelf with 
fo much propriety, that he acquired the refpefl and efteem 
of all the members of the university, and his advice arid 
talents were employed in the management of their con¬ 
cerns of moment and delicacy. The Jefuits having em¬ 
barked in fome undertakings .which interfered with the 
privileges of the univerfity of Louvain, no perfon was 
thought fo well qualified as Janfenius to be fent their 
ambaflador to the king, to defend their Tights again ft the 
encroachments of thole fathers. This appointment occa- 
fioned him to take two journeys‘into Spain, one in 1624, 
and the other 1625 ; and the luccefs of both is a proof of 
the dexterity and prudence of his negbeiations. In the 
year 1630 he engaged in controverfy with the •Proteftants. 
What gave rife to this, was an edift of the States-general 
in the year 1629, prohibiting the public exercife of the 
Romilh religion in Bois-le-duc, and appropriating the 
ecclefiaftical revenues of the mayoralty of that city to the 
fervice of the proteftant religion, which four minifters 
were appointed to preach there. The latter, finding that 
numerous calumnies were fecretly propagated refpecling 
their principles, publilhed a manffefto, in which they 
maintained that they taught nothing but the pure doc¬ 
trine of the gofpel, and , challenged their adverfatses to 
publilli their objections to their fentiirients, in an open 
and manly manner. In anfwer to this mar.ifefto, Janfe- 
nius publilhed a piece entitled, Alcxipharmacum, See. in the 
year 1630 ; on which Gilbert Voetus; one of the four 
minifters who preached in Bois-le-duc, wrote remarks, 
which he publilhed under the title of Philonivs Romanics 
cdrreElus. To thele remarks Janfenius replied in a new 
work, entitled, Notarum Spongia, &c. printed in the year 
1631. Four years afterwards Voetus publilhed a large 
work, in anfwer to this piece, entitled, Dcfpcrata Caujiz 
Papatus ; but Janfenius thought proper to withdraw from 
the field. The controverfy, however, was prolonged by 
other combatants, as the reader may learn from Bayle. 
About the year 1634, Janfenius was engaged in another 
controverfy, which may be called a proteftant one. He was 
waited upon by .Theodore Simonis, a wavering Roman - 
catholic, who entreated him to folve fome doubts which 
he entertained refpecling the pope’s infallibility, tiie wor- 
fhip of the eucharift, and fome other points. As Janfe¬ 
nius was often puzzled with his objections, he.,told him 
one day, that he would not difpute with him/any longer 
by word of mouth, but in writing ; and that he plainly 
law that he had to do with a Roman-catholic who intended 
to join the proteftants,-and make it the lubjebl of his boa Its 
that he had overcome him. Simonis was at firft averfe to 
engage in a written difputation, but at length conlented, 
and different communications palled between them on 
the fubjecls in queltion. Their cofreftpondence terminated 
in a manner not very honourable to Janlenius; for the 
lodgings of Simonis were furrouiaded with foldiers, and 
himfelf threatened with the punilhmerit due to heretics. 
The duke d’Arfchot’s 1 fed ret ary was loud in his exclama¬ 
tions againft him, and faid that there was wood enough 
in his mailer’s forells to burn that heretic. It appehrs 
from the'felult, that Janfenius had inftig'ated this arreft of 
his opponent, in order to lilence him by a more furnmary 
method than that of-argumentation. As, however, the 
perfon who examined Simonis, in the name of the arch- 
bilhop of Ivleohlin, declared that he found him to be a 
good catholic, and fully refolved to perfevere in the Ro¬ 
milh communion, the priloner was let at liberty, and 
Janfenius was forced to pay the expences of the fol¬ 
diers, See. 
At this.time the Spaniards arid the Dutch were at war; 
and 
