pASMINUM. 
If was cultivated here in 1730 ; and flowers from July to 
September. 
12. Jafminum odoratiffimnm, or yellow Indian jafmine; 
leaves alternate, bluntifli, ternate and pinnate; branches 
round, calycine fegments very fliort. Yellow Indian jaf- 
mine rifes with an upright woody ftalk eight or ten feet 
high, covered with a brown bark, fending out feveral 
branches, which want no fupport. Leaflets of a lucid 
green, ovate and entire, continuing green all the year, the 
two fide ones much lefs than the end one. The flowers 
are produced at the ends.of the Ihoots in bunches; the 
whole of a bright yellow colour, and moft grateful odour. 
The flowers come out from July to 0 £lober and Novem¬ 
ber; and are frequently fucceeded by oblong oval berries, 
which turn black when ripe, and have each two feeds. 
Native of the ifland of Madeira. 
13. Jafminum officinale, or common white jafmine: 
leaves oppofite, pinnate; leaflets acuminate, buds almoft 
trpright. Stem fhrubby, weak, climbing, round, fmooth, 
branching 5 leaflets ufualiy feven, broad, lanceolate, quite 
entire, fmooth, dark green, the end one larger and more 
pointed than the reft, Corolla white, odorous; border fome- 
times only foqr-cleft. We are not certain as to the native 
country of our common white jafmine. Linnaeus fays In¬ 
dia and Swiflerland ; but to the latter it is confefledly ex¬ 
otic, although it be now accuftomed to the climate, and 
grows fpontaneoully on the rocks, particularly about Chia- 
venna. Probably it is wild in the Eaft Indies. Mr. Mil¬ 
ler affirms, that it grows naturally in Malabar, and feveral 
parts of India ; yet has been long inured to our climate, 
fo as to thrive and flower extremely well; but it never 
produces any fruit in England. Loureiro lays, that it is 
wild about Canton in China. According to Parkinfon, 
it was thought to have been firft brought to Spain out of 
Syria or thereabouts, and from Spain to us. Gerarde cul¬ 
tivated this Ihrub, no lefs efteemed for elegance than fra¬ 
grance, in 1597. He fays it was then common in moft 
parts of England, being ufed for arbours, and to cover 
banquetting-houfes in gardens ; and that mailer Lyte 
would have it to grow wild among 11s, which however it 
did not as far as he could underftand. 
14. Jafminum grandiflorum, Spanilh or Catalonian jaf¬ 
mine : leaves oppofite, pinnate; leaflets bluntifli, buds 
horizontal. Spanilh or Catalonian jafmine lias much 
ftronger branches than the common white fort, of which 
Linnaeus once fuppofed this to be only a variety. The 
leaflets are placed cloler, and are of a lighter green, the 
fide ones are obtule, but the odd one ends in an acute 
point. The flowers are axillary, on peduncles two inches 
long, each fultaining three or four flowers, of a blufli red 
on their outlide, but white within; the tube of the co¬ 
rolla is longer, the fegments are obtufe, twifted at the 
mouth of the tube, and of a much thicker texture. Linnseus 
remarks, that it refembles the common fort very much ; 
but he gives the following diftinclions ; that the ftem is 
ftraight, not fcandent; the leaflets nearer to the ftem, 
more ovate, not fmalier, the three outer ones confluent by 
the widened petiole, fo that they cannot fall feparate. It 
is a native of the Eaft Indies ; and Mr, Miller adds, of the 
ifland of Tobago, where the woods are full of it, and 
whence Mr. Robert Millar fent him a great quantity. It 
appears from Parkinfon that it was cultivated.here in 
1629, when he fays it was fcarcely made well acquainted 
with our Englifli air. It came to us from Spain, and 
thence acquired the name of Spanilh or Catalonian jafmine. 
15. Jafminum nervofum, or nerved-leaved jafmine: 
leaves ovate, three-nerved. Native of Cochin-china, in 
hedges. 
16. Jafminum trinerve,.or three-nerved jafmine: leaves 
oppofite, Ample, ovate, attenuated, three-nerved 3 pedun¬ 
cles axillary, one-flowered. Native of Javq. 
17. Jafminum fcandens, or climbing jafmine: leaves 
oppofite, Ample, ovate-oblong, attenuated ; panicles bra- 
chiate, calycine fegments briftle-fliaped, reflex. Native 
70S 
of Bengal, climbing to the tops of trees, according to 
Koenig, who communicated it. 
Propagation and Culture. The plants of Arabian jafmine 
are frequently imported from Italy by the Italian garde¬ 
ners, who bring orange-trees for faie; but thefe are always 
rafted upon flocks of the common jafmine, and, not 
eeping pace in their growth with the (lock, become very 
unfightly ; befides, the ftocka are very apt to (hoot from 
the bottom, and, if thefe (hoots be not conftantiy rubbed 
off, they will ftarve the graft. The beft method therefore 
to obtain plants is by layers or cuttings. The former is 
the fureft method ; for, unlefs the cuttings be very care¬ 
fully managed, they will not take root 5 and the ftems, 
being pliable, may eafily be brought down, and laid in 
pots filled with a loft loamy foil, plunged into a hot-bed 
of tan ; if the branches be laid down in the fpring, and 
carefully watered, they will put out roots by autumn, 
when they ftiould be cut from the old plants, and each 
tranlplanted into a feparate (mall pot, and then plunged 
into the tan-bed, where they fliould be (haded from the 
fun till they have taken new root. Cuttings may be 
planted from May to Auguft, in pots filled with the lame 
earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tanner’s 
bark. The pots (hould be pretty large, to contain ten or 
twelve cuttings; they fliould be clofely-covered with bell 
or hand-glafles to exclude the air, (haded from the fun 
in the heat of the day, and gently refrefhed with water 
when the earth is dry ; they will have taken root by Au¬ 
guft, when they may be tranfplanted into feparate pots, 
and treated in the (ame way as the layers. This plant may 
be preferved in a moderate degree of warmth, but will 
thrive much better in the bark-ftove, and prodqce a greater 
quantity of flowers ; as the leaves continue all the year, 
it will make a fine appearance in the ftove at all feafons ; 
and it will produce flowers great part of the year. 
Azorian jafmine is pretty hardy, and requires only to be 
(heltered from fevere froft. It is a green-houfe plant, but 
will live againft a warm wall, if dung be laid to the roots, 
and a mat hung loofely over it in frofty weather. It de- 
ferves a place in every green-houfe, for the leaves, being 
of a fliining green, make a good appearance all the year ; 
and the flowers, having a fine fcent, and continuing long- 
in fucceffion, render it very valuable. Common yellow 
jafmine was formerly more cultivated than now; for, the 
flowers having no fcent, few perfons regard them. It of¬ 
ten produces fo many fuckers as to become troublefome 5. 
and, as it cannot be kept in order for ftandards, it is (el-, 
dom introduced into gardens at prefent. It is eafily propa¬ 
gated by fuckers or layers. Italian or dwarf yellow jafmine 
was brought over by the Italian gardeners with orange- 
trees. Thefe were grafted upon the common yellow jafmine 
flocks. This is fomewhat more tender than the preced¬ 
ing, but it will endure the cold of our ordinary winters,: 
in a warm (ituation. It may be propagated by laying down 
the tender branches; or by budding or inarching it upon 
the common yellow- fort; the latter mode is preferable, as 
making hardier plants: for the method, fee p. 400 of this 
volume. It fliou’id be planted againft a warm wall, and 
.in very fevere winters will require to be (heltered with 
mats. Itmuft be drefied and pruned as the white jafmine. 
Yellow Indian jafmine is propagated either by feeds, or 
laying down the tender branches ; if by feeds, which it 
fometimes produces in England, make a moderate hot¬ 
bed in the fpring, into which plunge fome fmall pots, 
filled with frefli light earth ; and in a day or two after, 
when you find the earth in the pots warm, put your feeds 
therein ; about four in each pot will be fufficient, cover¬ 
ing them about an inch thick with the fame light earth, 
and obferve to refrelh the pots with water as often as you 
(hall pei'ceive the earth dry; but do not give them too 
much at each time, which would be apt to rot the feeds. 
In about fix or eight weeks after fowing, the plants will 
appear above ground, at which time it will be neceflary 
to remove the pots into another frefli hot-bed, of a mode¬ 
rate 
