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J E R 
dangerous perfon, cited him to-appear before them and 
give an account of his faith. In obedience to this cita¬ 
tion, he went to Conftance ; but on his arrival, in 1415, 
finding Hufs in prifon, he let out for . his own country. 
Being lei zed however on the way, imprifoned, and exa¬ 
mined, he was fo intimidated, that he retraced, and pre¬ 
tended to approve of the condemnation of Wick.liff’s and 
Iiufs’s opinions ; but on the 26th of May, 1416, he con¬ 
demned that recantation in thefe terms: “ I am not 
alhamed to confefs here publicly my weaknefs. Yes, with 
horror I confefs my bale cowardice. It was only the 
dread of the punilhment by fire which drew me to con- 
fent, againft my confcience, to the condemnation of the 
doftrine of WicklilF and Hufs.” Accordingly fentence 
was palled on him ; in purfuance of which he was deli¬ 
vered to the fecular arm, and burnt in 1416. He was a 
perfon of great parts, learning, and elocution. 
JER'OME de SANTA FE, a learned Spanilh Jew in the 
fifteenth century, whofe original name was Jofhua Larchi. 
After a careful examination of the Old-Teliament pro¬ 
phecies relating to the Meftiah, he became a convert to 
Cliriftianity, and upon his baptifm changed his Jewilh 
name for that under'which he'is defcribed above. He was 
phyfician to Peter de Luna, who was chofen pope by the 
cardinals at Avignon, in oppofition to Boniface IX. and 
took the name of Benedict XIII. When that pontiff was 
in Spain, in the year 1412, he ordered a public confer¬ 
ence .to be held in his prefence, at Tortola, between fiome 
Jearned Chriftians and the mod celebrated Jewilh rabbis 
in Arragon and Catalonia, on the fubjefl of the MelTiah’s 
character, and the evidence brought forward to prove 
that Jefus was that perfon ; in which Jerome acquitted 
himlelf with credit to his own learning and abilities, and 
to the new faith which he had embraced. In the year 
1413, he prefented to the pope a treatife in confutation of 
the errors of the Jews, and another againlt the Talmud; 
which are faid to have produced fuch an imprellion upon 
the Jews, that the reading of them induced more than 
five thoufand of that people to become Chriftians. They 
were both publifned at Frankfort, under the title of He- 
brao-t/iajiigis, 1602, 8vo. and are inferled in the twenty- 
lixth volume of the Bibl. Patr. The author’s treatife againft 
the Talmud had been printed before at Zurich, in 1552 ; 
and a folio imprellion of his other piece had alfo been 
publifned before the appearance of the Frankfort edition, 
without any mention of the place where, or the time when, 
it was printed. 
IEROMONAR/CHES, f. [ugo?, Gr. facred, and ^0- 
VK £X »s, a chief.] The regular priefts among the Greeks. 
JERON'YMITES, or Hieronymites, /. A denomina¬ 
tion given to divers orders or congregations of religious ; 
otherwife called Hermits of St. Jerome. 
IEROS'CGPIST, J. [ie£ os, Gr. facred, and o-kottsu, to 
view.] The prieft who was to obferve any evil omen that 
might occur at the time of facrificing, and pray that the 
misfortune portended might fall on the head of the victim. 
JERRABALLI'SA, a town of Africa, in the country 
of Quoja. 
JER'RAND, a town of France, in the department of 
the Puy-de-Dome : two leagues eaft of Clermont, and two 
and a half north-weft of Biilom. 
JER'RY, a contraction of Jeremiah or Jeremy. 
JER'SEY, an illand in the Englilh channel, believed to 
be the illand called in the Itinerary Cafarea, in fucceed- 
ing times Augia, by us Gerfey, more frequently Jerfcy. It 
is fituated eighteen miles to the weft of Normandy, and 
eighty-four to the fouth of Portland in Dorfetlhire ; and 
is not above twelve miles in length, nor much above fix 
where broadeft, which is at the two extreniities. It is 
defended by rocks-and dangerous quickfands. On the 
north fide the cliffs rife forty or fifty fathoms high, which 
render it inaccellible on that fide ; but on the fouth the 
fhore is alinoft level’with the water. In the weft part of 
.the illand is a large trad of land once cultivated and very 
J E II 
fertile, but now a 'barren defert, caufed by the wefterly 
winds throwing up fand from the bottom to the top of the 
higheft cliffs. The higher lands are diverfified by gritty, 
gravelly, ftony, and fine, mould ; the lower by a"deep, 
rich, and heavy, foil. The middle part of the illand is 
fomewhat mountainous, and fo thick planted with trees, 
that at a diftance k refembles one entire foreft, though in 
walking through it there is hardly a thicket or any other 
thing to be feen but hedge-rows and orchards of apple- 
trees. The valleys under the hills are finely watered by 
brooks, and have plenty of cattle and fmall (beep, with 
very fine wool, and very fweet meat, which is afcribed to 
the Ihortnefs of the grafs. The horfes are good for draught ; 
but few fit for the faddle. The illand produces variety 
of trees, roots, and herbs ; but not corn enough for the 
inhabitants, who therefore fend for it to England and 
France, and fometimes to Dantzic. The fields are inclofed 
by great mounds of earth, raifed from fix to eight or ten 
feet high, proportionably thick and folid, planted with 
quickfets and trees. 
As the air of this illand is very healthy, thofe of the 
inhabitants who are temperate live to a great age; but the 
coaft is very fubjeft to ftorms by wefterly winds, from 
which they have no land to llielter them nearer than North 
America ; and there is a vaft chain of rocks about the 
illand, among which the tides and currents are fo llrong 
and rapid, that the navigation is dangerous to thofe who 
are not perfectly acquainted with the C03ft. The build¬ 
ings are generally of rag-ftone ; but force of the wealthy 
inhabitants have their houfes fronted with a reddilh-white 
ftone, capable of being polilhed like marble, and of which 
there is’ a rich quarry on a hill called Montmado. The 
ordinary dwellings are thatched. The churches are very 
plain buildings, molt of them fquare fteeples ; . and the 
communion-table is not at the eaft end, as in the Englilh 
churches, but juft under the pulpit. The ftaple manu¬ 
facture is knit ltockings and caps, many thoufand pair of 
which are weekly fold at St. Helier to the merchants ; 
alfo cider, of which 25,000 hogfheads have been made here 
in one year. Their principal foreign trade is to New¬ 
foundland ; whither, particularly in 1732, they fent twenty- 
four Hiips ; thefe proceed from thence to the Mediterra¬ 
nean to difpofe of their filh. 
On the fouth fide of the illand the fea feems to have 
encroached upon the land, (which, as we have before ob- 
ferved, declines on that fide,) and to have fwallowed up¬ 
wards of nine fquare miles, making a very beautiful bay 
of about three miles broad, and near the fame in depth. 
In the eaft corner of this bay Hands the town of St. He¬ 
lier, which is very happily fituated ; but the principal 
haven is in the weftern corner of the bay, which receives 
its name from it, being called St. AubiiFs. There are, 
befides thefe, feveral other havens of lefs note; as, St. 
Brelade’s bay, at the back of St. Aubin’s; the great bay 
of St. Ouen, which takes in the greateft part of the weft 
fide of the illand, where the largeft Ihips may ride in 
twelve and fifteen fathoms, fafe from all but eaft winds. 
La CrevafTe is a port only for boats; Grev.e de Lecq and 
Port St. John are alfo fmall havens on the north fide, 
where is like wile Bonn u it. On the eaft there is the 
bay of St. Catharine, and the harbour of Rofel. To the 
fouth-weft lies the haven de la Chauffee. The laft we 
lhall mention is the port de Pas, a very little to the eaft- 
ward of St. Aubin’s bay. 
The towns of St. Helier and St. Aubin, which, as al¬ 
ready mentioned, ftand both in the fame bay called St. 
Aubin’s Bay, opening to the fouth, are about three miles 
afunder. St. Helier took its name from Elerius or Helier, 
a holy man, who lived in this illand many centuries ago, 
and was llain by the pagan Nbrmans at their coming hi¬ 
ther. He is mentioned among the martyrs in the marty- 
rology of Coutance. His little cell, with the ftone bed, 
is ftill Ihown among the rocks ; and in memory of him a 
noble abbey of canons regular was founded in the little 
illand 
