J E U 
jnous apples of Sodom were not to be found, as the reader 
■will eafily imagine. Voyages dans la PabjHne,x'j yx. 
We return to Jerulalem.—On Mount ■ Moriah, on the 
fouth-eaft part of the city, is an edifice 'called Solomon's 
Temple, (landing on or near the fame fpot as the ancient; 
but when or by whom erefled is uncertain. In the midft 
of it is aTurkifh mofqtte, where the Jewifh fanttum fanc- 
torum is fuppofed to have Hood. This building, which 
Dr. Pococke thinks muff have been formerly a Chriftian 
church, is held in the utmoft veneration by the Turks. 
The city is now under the government of a fangiac, 
who refides in a houfe faid to have been that of Pontius 
Pilate, over-againll the cadle of Antonia built by Herod 
the Great. Many of the churches, erefled in memory of 
fome remarkable gofpel-tranfaftion, have been fince con¬ 
verted into mofques; into fome of which money will pro¬ 
cure admittance, but not into others. Both the friars 
and other Chriitians are kept fo poor by the tyranny of 
the government, that the chief fupport and trade of the 
place confifts in providing (Irangers with food and other 
accommodations, and felling them beads, relics, and other 
trinkets, for which they are obliged to pay confiderable 
fums to the fangiac, as well as to his officers; and thefe 
are feldom fo well contented with their ufual duties, but 
they frequently extort fome frefli ones, efpecially from the 
Francifcans, whole convent is the common receptacle for 
all pilgrims, • and for which they have confiderable allow¬ 
ances from the pope, and other crowned heads, befides 
the prefents which (Irangers generally make them at their 
departure. 
The moll remarkable antiquities in the neighbourhood 
of Jerufalem are, i. The pools of Bethefda and Gihon ; 
the former- 120 paces long, 40 broad, and at lead eight 
deep, but now without water; and the old arches which 
it dill difeovers at the w’ell end, are quite dammed up ; 
the other, which is about a quarter of a mile w’ithout 
Bethlehem-gate, is a very llately relic, 106 paces long, 
and 60 broad, lined with a wall and plader, and llill well 
dored with water. 2. The tomb of the Virgin Mary, in 
the valley of Jehofhaphat, into which you defeend by a 
magnificent flight of forty-feven heps. On the right 
hand as you go down, is alfo the Cepulchre of St. Anne 
the mother, and on the left that df Jofepli the hufband, 
of the Virgin Mary ; fome add likewife that of Jehoiakim 
her father. In thefe are erected altars for priefls of all 
•forts to Tay mafs, and the whole is cut into the folid rock. 
3. The tomb of king Jehofhaphat, cut likewife into the 
rock, and divided into ieveral apartments ; in one of which 
is his tomb, which is adorned with a (lately portico and 
entablature over it. 4. That commonly called Abjalom's 
pillar, or place, as being generally fuppofed to be that 
which he is faid to have eredled in his life-time to perpe¬ 
tuate his memory, as he had no male ifl'ue. This place, 
however, both within and without, hath more the fem- 
blance of a Cepulchre than any thing elfe ; though we do 
not read that he was buried there, neither do the people 
here affirm that he was. There is a great heap of (tones 
about it, which is continually increafingthe fuperlti- 
tious Jews and Turks always throwing fome as they pafs, 
in token of their abhorrence of Abfalom’s unnatural re¬ 
bellion again!! fo good and holy a parent. The (truclure 
itfelf is about 20 cubits lquare, and 60 high, adorned be¬ 
low with four columns of the Ionic order, with their ca¬ 
pitals, entablatures, &c. to each front. From the height 
of 20 to 40 cubits, it is fomew.hat lefs, and quite plain, 
excepting a final 1 fillet at the upper end ; and from 40 to 
the top it changes into a round, which grows gradually 
into a point, the whole cut out of the folid rock. There 
is a room within, confiderably higher than the level of 
the ground without, on the (ides of which are niches, 
probably to receive coffins. 5. A little eallward of this 
is that called the tomb of Z chariah, the fon of Barachiah, 
whom the Jews (lew between the temple and the altar, as 
is commonly fuppofed. This fabric is all cut out of the 
Statural rock, eighteen feet high, and as many fquare 5 
J E S 783 
and adorned with Ionic columns on each front, cut out 
likewife of the fame rock, and fupporting a cornice. The 
whole ends in a pointed top, like a diamond. But the 
moft curious, grand, and elaborate, pieces in this kind, 
are the grots without the walls of Jerufalem, (lyled the 
royal fepu/chres ; but of what kings is not agreed on. 
They coniilt of a great number of apartments, fome of 
them fpacious, all cut out of the folid marble rock; and 
may jullly be pronounced a royal work, and one of the 
mod noble, furprifing, and magnificent. For a particular 
account of them we mud refer the reader to Pococke’s 
Travels. In the neighbourhood of Jerufalem is a fpot of 
ground, about thirty yards long and fifteen broad, now 
the burying-place of the Armenians, which is (hown as 
the Aceldama, or Field of Blood, formerly the Potter’s 
Field, and fince ftyled Campo SanBo, or the Holy Field, 
purchafed with the price of Judas’s treafon, for the burial 
of drangers. It is walled round, to prevent the Turks 
abufing the bones of Chridians; and one half of it i$ 
taken up by a building in the nature of a charnel-houfe. 
Befides the above, a great many other antiquities in the 
city and its environs are (hown to ftrangers ; there being 
(carcely any place or tranfaflion mentioned either in the 
Old or New Tedament, but they (how the very fpot of 
ground where the one dood, and the other was done ; not 
only here, but all over Judea. Lat. 31.53. N. Ion. 53. 24. E. 
Ferro. 
JERUSALEM, a townlhip of the American States, in, 
Ontario county, New York. The compabl part of it forms 
a handfome town, fituated on the wed fide of Seneca 
Lake, and contains about fifty families, the followers of 
Jemima Wilkinfon. It is thirty miles north-eaft-by-nortii 
of Barth, and fixteen fouth-fouth-wefl of Geneva. 
JERUSALEM, or Funks Town, a town of Maryland, 
fituated in Walhington county on Antietam-creek, about 
two miles and a half i'outh-wed of Elizabeth-town. It 
contains about fifty dwellings, and a German church. 
JERU'SALEM, a town of the duchy of Courland s 
forty-four miles ead-fouth-ead of Seelburg. 
JERU'SALEM, a town of Germany, in the duchy of 
Stiria, celebrated for its excellent wine : four miles fouthr 
fouth-ead of Fridaw. 
JERU'SALEM, OLD. See Fallen City, vol. vii. 
JERU'SALEM AR'TICHOKE. See Heliantkus. 
JERU'SALEM COW'SLIP. See Pulmonaria. 
JERU'SALEM SA'GE. See Pulomis. 
JERU'SHA, [Heb. rejected.] The name of a woman. 
JERU'YO, a mountain fituated in the valley of Urec- 
ho, in Mexico or New Spain, is a great curiofity. Before 
the year 1760, there was nothing of it but a fmall hill-, 
with a fugar-plantation. But on the 29th of September, 
1760, it burft with furious (hocks, and entirely ruined' 
the lugar-works and the neighbouring village of Guaca- 
na; and from that time has continued to emit fire and 
burning rocks,, which have formed themfelves into three 
high mountains, whofe circumference was nearly fix miles 
in 1766. The allies at the irruption were forced to the 
didance of 150 miles. In the city of Valadolid, fixty 
miles didant, it rained afhes in fuch abundance, that they 
were obliged to fweep the yards of their houfes two ox 
three times during the day. 
JESAI'AH, [Hebrew.] The name of a man. 
JESARDE CHEB, or Bosaraddahe'ba. See Busar- 
ADDAHEBA, Vol. iii. 
JESBA'VA, a riyer of Servia, which runs into the Da¬ 
nube near Semendria. 
JESDEGER'DIC, adj. [in the Perfian chronology,'] 
Belonging to,the epocha which commenced at the time 
when the Perfians were conquered by the Saracens,..which 
was in. the year of Chrid 63.3, 
JESERNI'CO, a town in the county of Friuli, belong¬ 
ing to Venice: twelve miles welt of Palma la Nuova, 
JESERNIT'ZA, a.town of Croatia:, thirty-five miles- 
north-wei! of Bihacs. 
JESIIAI'AH, [Hebrew.] The name of a man. 
3 ‘ JESHA'NAH, 
