S2S J E VV 
with more ardour than before, accuftcming himfelf to rife 
at. four o’clock in the morning, and to continue at his 
books till ten at night, with fuch intenfenefs of applica¬ 
tion, that he was often obliged to be reminded when to 
take his pecefiary meals. By this indefatigable affiduity 
he acquired a rich furniture of various learning, but at 
the expence of his health ; and this was hill further in¬ 
jured by a cold which he caught in a place whither he 
had retired from Oxford, during the prevalence of an epi¬ 
demical ficknefs; owing to which he contrafted a lame- 
nefs in one of his legs, that accompanied him to the 
grave. However, he now commenced tutor, with great 
reputation and fuccefs, and contributed much to promote 
the reformation, by privately inftrinfting his pupils in 
proteftant principles. Soon afterwards he was chofen 
profelfor of rhetoric in his college, and difcharged the 
duties of that office with diitinguilhed honour for feven 
years. But our author was not more celebrated for his 
learning and talents, than for his eminent piety, and the 
exemplarinefs of his manners. It is recorded that the 
dean of his college, who was a rigid papift, once faid to 
him, “I ffiould love thee, Jewel, if thou weft not a Zuin- 
glian. In thy faith I hold thee a heretic j but furely 
in thy life thou art an angel. Thou art very good and 
honeft,; but a.Lutheran.” In the year 154+ Mr. Jewel 
was admitted to the degree of M. A. 
Upon the acceffion of king Edward VI. in 1546, Mr. 
Jewel no longer made any fecret of his religious opinions, 
but openly avowed himfelf to be a proteftant j and, when 
Peter Martyr entered on his divinity piofefforfhip at Ox¬ 
ford, he contrafted a clofe friendfhip with that eminent 
man, attended on his leftures and fermons, and officiated 
as his notary, when he difputed in the divinity-fchool 
■with the champions of the catholic doftrine, on the fub- 
ject of the real prefence. In the year 1550, he com¬ 
menced bachelor of divinity; on which occafion he 
preached an excellent Latin fermon. The zeal which he 
difplayed, during the whole of king Edward’s reign, to 
diffeminate proteftant principles, occaiioned hisbeingone 
of the firft victims to the rel'entment of the papifts, upon 
the acceffion of queen Mary. So eager were the catholic 
zealots in his own college to fignalize their fury againft 
him, that, before any law was enafted for the re-eftablifh- 
ment of popery, the majority of the fellows expelled him 
as a heretic, by their own private authority. But, notwith- 
ftanding his expuliion, lb high was the opinion which the 
univerfity entertainecTof his abilities} that they appointed 
him their orator, and employed his elegant pen to draw 
tip their congratulatory addrefs upon the acceffion of the 
new queen. Fuller, indeed, intimates, that this diftin- 
guiffied honour was intended to enfnare him, either by 
rendering him odious to his own party if he accepted it, 
or by provoking againft him the enmity of the catholics 
if he refufea it,. If fuch was the cafe, which is not im¬ 
probable, he had the dexterity to difappoint his enemies; 
for the addrefs was worded by him iii fuch refpectful, and 
at the fame time guarded, terms., that it gave offence to 
neither party ; and, after having obtained the approba¬ 
tion of the vice-chancellor and the heads of the colleges, 
■was favourably received by the queen. Mr. Jewel, upon 
his expulfion from .his own college, withdrew to Broad- 
rate-hali, now Peinbroke-.college, whither many of his 
pupils and other gentlemen privately reforted to him 
for inftrubfion. But not long afterwards, upon the 
re-eftabliffiment of popery, being required to fubfcribe to 
the tenets of that faith, with thr.eatenings of death upon 
his refufal, his fortitude forfook him, and he gave his fig- 
nature to fentiments which his heart abhorred. His com¬ 
pliance,, however, not being . thought fincere, meafures 
were planned for fecuring him, that he might be deli¬ 
vered over to the inquifitorial examination of the bloody 
and me.rcilefs bishop Bonner. Having received informa¬ 
tion of this delign, he privately fet out on the night in 
which it was intended to feize him, and took a bye-road 
towards London. He purified his journey on foot, till 
' E L; 
he was quite exhaufted, and obliged to lie down upon-' 
the ground. In this .condition he was found by Auguf- 
tine Bernher, a Swifs, who had been in the fervice of 
biffiop Latimer, and afterwards a minuter, who furnilhed 
him with a horde, and conducted him to the houie of 
lady Anne Warcup, where he was holpitably entertained, 
and then conveyed in fafety to London. Here he was 
obliged to exercife the utmolt precaution, in order to 
avoid the emiifaries of Bonner, who took incredible pains 
to difeover him ; and at length his efcape from the king¬ 
dom was happily effected by means of lir Nicholas Throg¬ 
morton, who fecured him a pafthge in a lliip, giving him. 
money for his fupport; and the management of Giles 
Lawrence, a fellow-collegian, who conveyed him on-board. 
No fooner was Mr. Jewel landed on the continent, than 
he proceeded directly to Frankfort, where he arrived iu 
the year 1554; and loon afterwards made a public con- 
fellion before the Englilh exiles in that city, of his fin- 
cere contrition on account of his late- fubfeription at‘Ox¬ 
ford, begging pardon of God, and of the church, for. the 
weaknefs which he had difeovered in that tranfaftion. 
After a Ihort ftay at Frankfort, he went to refide .with his 
old friend Peter Martyr, at Strafburg; who had eftablilh- 
ed in his lroufe a kind of college for learned men, of 
which he conftituted Mr. Jewel his vice-mafter. The 
latter alio accompanied that eminent man to Zurich, 
where he affifted him in the publication of fome of his 
writings, and in the compofition of his theological.lec¬ 
tures. It was probahjy from this place that Mr. Jewel 
made an excurfion to Padua, in which city he com¬ 
menced a friendfhip with fignior Scipio, a noble Venetian, 
to whom he afterwards addrelfed his Epiftle relative to 
the Council of Trent. - - 
When the joyful news arrived of the death of queen 
Mary in 1558, and of the peaceable acceffion of queen. 
Elizabeth to the throne, Mr. Jewel, as well as moft of the 
other proteftant exiles, prepared to return to England, 
where he arrived in the beginning of the following year, 
and met with a gracious reception from the queen ; and 
his learning and merits were rewarded, in the beginning 
of the year 1560, by his promotion to the biffiopric of Sa~ 
lifbury. Soon after he gave a public challenge to all 
Roman-catholics, both at home and abroad, in a fermoa 
which he preached at St. Paul’s crofs, and immediately 
printed, to produce a fingle clear and evident teftimony, 
either from the fathers, or any -writer of acknowledged 
merit who fleurifhed within fix hundred years after Chrift,. 
from any general council during that period, from the ex¬ 
ample of the primitive church, or from the holy Scrip¬ 
tures, in fupport of any one of the many articles which 
the Romanifts maintained againft the church of England. 
Two years afterwards, biffiop Jewel publiffied his famous 
Apology for the Church of England, in elegant Latin, of 
which an Englilh tranflation was publiffied foon after its 
appearance, and another in 1564, by Anne, one of the fix 
learned daughters of fir Anthony Cooke, and wife, of fir 
Nicholas Bacon, lord keeper of the great feal. It was 
alfo tranflated into the German, Italian, French, Spanilh, 
and Dutch, languages, and afterwards into the Greek, and 
procured the author a high degree of reputation in every 
part*of Europe. In the years 1564 and 1566, different 
anfwers to our author’s challenge made their appearance ; 
and feveral catholic writers had undertaken to confute 
the Apology-, the moft learned and able of wffioni was Mr, 
Harding; who, in 1563, publiftied at Antw-erp, A Con¬ 
futation of the Apology of the Church of England, 410. 
To this work our prelate publiffied a long and particular 
anfwer, containing incidental notices of his other antago- 
nifts, and entitled, A Defence of the Apology of the 
Church of England, See. 1564, folio; which was tranflated 
into Latin, and printed at Geneva, in the year 1600, It 
was fo much efteemed, that it was ordered by queen Eli¬ 
zabeth, king James, king Charles I. and by four fuccef- 
five archbiffiops, to be read and chained up in all parifli 
churches throughout England and 'Wales. It contri¬ 
buted 
