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Dreadful in arms, on Landen’s glorious plain 
Place Ormond’s duke impendent in the air ; 
Let his keen fabre comet-iike appear. Prior. 
IMPENETRABILITY, f [ impenetrabilite,, F r. from 
impenetrable .] Quality of not being pierceable, or perme¬ 
able.—All bodies, fo far as experience reaches, are either 
hard, or may be hardened ; and we have no other evi¬ 
dence of univerfal impenetrability , befides a large experi¬ 
ence, without an experimental exception. Newton. —In- 
fulceptibility of in tel left ual impreflion. 
IMPENETRABLE, adj. [from impeneirabilis, Lat.] Not 
to be pierced j not to be entered by any external force: 
With hard’ning cold, and forming heat, 
The cyclops did their ftrokes repeat, 
Before th’ unpenetrable lhield was wrought. Drydcn. 
Impervious; not admitting entrance.—The mind frights 
itfelf with any thing reflefted on in grofs : things, thus 
offered to the mind, carry the Ihow of nothing but dif¬ 
ficulty in them, and are thought to be wrapped up in 
impenetrable obfeurity. Locke. 
Deep into fome thick covert would I run, 
Impenetrable to the liars or fun. Dryden. 
Not to be taught; not to be informed.—Not to be affeft- 
ed ; not to be moved.—Some will never believe a.propo¬ 
rtion in divinity, if any thing can be faid againft it ; 
they will be credulous in'all affairs of life, but impenetra¬ 
ble by a fermon of the gofpel. Paylor. 
It is the moll impenetrable cur 
That ever kept with men. Shakefpeare. 
IMPEN'ETRABLENESS,/. The Hate of being impe¬ 
netrable. 
IMPENETRABLY, adv. With hardnefs to a degree 
incapable of impreflion: 
Blunt the fenfe, and lit it for a fkull 
Of folid proof, impenetrably dull. Pope. 
IMPEN'ITENCE, or Impenitency, f [ impenitence , 
Fr. in and penitence.'] Obduracy; want of remorfe for 
crimes.; final difregard of God’s threatenings or mercy.— 
Where one man ever comes to repent, a thoufand end 
their days in final impenitence. South. 
IMPEN'ITENT, adj. Finally negligent of the duty of 
repentance ; obdurate.—Our lord in anger hath granted 
fome impenitent men’s requeft ; as, on the other fide, the 
apoftle’s fuit he hath of favour and mercy not granted. 
Hooker. 
They died 
Impenitent, and left a race behind 
Like to themfelves. Milton. 
IMPEN'ITENTLY, adv. Obdurately; without repen¬ 
tance.—The condition required of us is a conllellation of 
all the gofpel graces, every one of them rooted in the 
heart, though mixed with much weaknefs and perhaps 
with many fins, fo they be not wilfully and impenitently 
lived and died in. Hammond. 
What crowds of thefe, impenitently bold, 
In founds and jingling lyllables grown old. 
Still run on poets! Pope. 
IMPEN'ITENTNESS, f. The Hate of impenitence. 
Scott. * 
IMPEN'NOUS, adj. [ in and penna, Lat.] Wanting 
wings.—It is generally received an earwig hath no wings, 
and is reckoned amongft impennous infefts; but he that 
/hall, with a needle, put afide tire fliort and (heathy cafes 
on their back, may draw forth two wings, larger than in 
many flies. Brown. 
IMPEN'SIBLE, adj. [from in, Lat. contrary to, and 
penjum, expence.] Free from expence, having no reward. 
Not much ufed. Bailey. 
IM'PERATE, adj. \imperatus, Lat.] Done with con- 
/cioufnefs 5 done by direction of the mind.—The elicit 
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internal afts of any habit may be quick and vigorous, 
when the external imperate afts of the fame habit utterly 
ceafe. South. 
IMPER'ATIVE, adj. \imperatif, Fr. imperative, Lat. 3 
Commanding; expreliive of command.—The verb is 
formed in a different manner, to fignify the intention of 
commanding, forbidding, allowing, dilallowing, intreat¬ 
ing; which likewife, from the principal ufe of it, it is called 
the imperative mood. Clarke. 
IMPERATIVELY, adv. In a commanding ftyle ; au¬ 
thoritatively. 
IMPERATO'RIA, f. [fo named from its fuppofed im¬ 
perial virtues in medicine.] Masterwort ; in botany, a 
genus of the clafs pentandria, order digynia, natural order 
of umbellatoe or umbelliferre. The generic charafters are 
—Calyx : umbel univerfal flat-lpreading ; partial une¬ 
qual; involucre univerfal none; partial very (lender, with 
one or two leaflets, almoft the length of the umbel; pe- 
rianthiurn proper obfeure. Corolla : univerfal uniform ; 
flofcules all fertile ; proper of five petals, inflex-emargi- 
nate, nearly equal. Stamina : filaments five, capillary ; 
anthera; roundifli. Pillillum : germ inferior; ftyles two, 
reflex ; (tigmas obtufe. Pericarpium : none: fruit roundifli, 
compreffed, gibbofe in the middle, margined, bipartile. 
Seeds : two, ovate, marked on one fide with two furrows, 
furrounded by abroad margin.— EjJ'ential CharaEler. Fruit 
roundifli, compreffed, gibbofe in the middle, furrounded 
by a margin ; petals inflex-emarginate. 
Imperatoria ollrutliium, a Angle fpecies. The root 
is as thick as a man’s thumb, running obliquely in 
the ground; it is fle(hy, aromatic, and has a ftrong 
acrid talle, biting the tongue and mouth like pellitory of 
Spain ; the leaves arife immediately from the root; they 
have foot-ftalks feven or eight inches long, dividing into 
three very (hort ones at the top, each fuilaining a trilo¬ 
bate leaf, indented on the border; the foot-ltalks are 
deeply channelled, and when broken emit a rank odour. 
The flower-ftalks rife about two feet high, and divide 
into two or three branches, each being terminated by a 
pretty large umbel of white flowers, whofe petals are fplit; 
thefe are fucceeded by oval compreffed feeds, fomewhat 
like thofe of dill, but larger. It flowers in June, and the 
feeds ripen in Augult. The fruit is elliptic, emarginate 
at top and bottom, membranaceous-winged. Seeds com¬ 
preffed, furrounded at the fides with a very broad rim, 
and marked on the back with three white acute-angled 
ribs, not winged ; the ventral part is flat, painted with 
two brown bowed fillets. Native of many parts of the 
Alps, Aultria, Styria, Tyrol, Silefia, Dauphine; obferved 
by Ray above the Grand Chartreule ; and found by Mr. 
Lightfoot in Scotland, upon the banks of the Clyde in 
feveral places, particularly about Ardencaple 5 and in the 
Ifle of Bute, near Mountftewart. The root is warm and 
aromatic; a fudorific, diuretic, and fialagogue; recom¬ 
mended in dropfy, and debilities of the (lomach and bow¬ 
els ; an infufion of it in wine is laid to have cured quar¬ 
tans that have refilled the bark. When chewed, it excites 
a copious flow of faliva, with a warm and not difagreea- 
ble fenfation in the gums; and frequently cures the rheu¬ 
matic tooth-ache. 
Propagation and Culture. This plant is cultivated in gar¬ 
dens to lupply the markets. It may be propagated either 
by feeds, or by parting the roots; if you would propa¬ 
gate it by feeds, they (hould be (own in autumn foon af¬ 
ter they are ripe, on a bed or border, in a (liady fitua- 
tion ; obferving not to low the feeds too thick, nor (hould 
they be covered too deep. In the fpring the plants will 
appear, when they (hould be carefully weeded ; and, if the 
feafon (hould prove very dry, they (hould be now and 
then refrelhed with water, which will greatly promote 
their growth. Towards the beginning of May, if you find 
the plants come up too clofe together, you (hould prepare 
a moift (hady border, and thin the plants carefully, leav¬ 
ing them about fix inches afunder; and plant thole which 
you draw up into the border about the fame diltance 
apart 
