24 L A B 
finely ferrate; back very much arched. Dorfai and anal 
fins lea-green fpotted with black; pectorals yellow, tranf- 
verfely llriped with red at the bafe; ventrals and caudal 
pea-green. 
141. Labrns olivaceus, the olive-coloured wrafle : body 
olive-green ; the gill-coverts tipped with blue; and a 
black fpot on the tail. Five rays,in the membrane of the 
gills, in the dorfai fin peftorals 13, ventrals anal 
JSj, caudal 12. Inhabits the Mediterranean; two inches 
long. Body oblong comprefled, beneath inclining to til- 
very. Head pointed, fomewhat filvery ; iris green ; fore 
teeth fharp, intermediate ones remote. Anterior gill- 
covert deeply ferrate, the po fieri or one blue at the tip, fur- 
rounded with a fcarlet ring. Fins the colour of the body; 
tail pale rufous. 
142. Labrus fufcus, the brown wrafle: body brown, 
with blue lines and fpots. Five rays in the membrane of 
the gills, -§-f in the dorfai fin, 12 in the peftorals, -t in the 
ventrals, -fa in the anal, 13 in the tail. This alio (and 
the following) was obferved by Brunniche in the Medi¬ 
terranean ; it is about three inches long; body compreifed, 
oblong, beneath whitifh. Head pointed, and marked 
with blue rivulets; iris white, within chefnut; mouth 
fmail; anterior gill-covert ferrate; lateral line a little arch¬ 
ed, the hind part crooked. Dorfai and caudal fins brown 
fpotted with blue; pefforals rufous tipt with blue; ventrals 
without fpots; anal reddifh dotted with blue. 
143. Labrus unimaculatus, the one-fpotted wrafle: bo¬ 
dy finely flriped with olive; a black fpot on the hinder 
part of the dorfai fin. Five rays in the membrane of the 
gills, in the dorfai fin, J- in the ventral in the anal, 
and 13 m the tail. Length of the preceding; body oval, 
compreifed, with about ten pale-blue longitudinal paral¬ 
lel draight lines. Iris reddilh-wliite, with an inner circle 
of red; teeth in one row, the fore ones larger; anterior 
gill-coverts ferrate ; pedtoral fins bluifli. 
There is a variety of this, found in the Adriatic fea, 
which is reticulated with dulky and greenifli-filvery co¬ 
lours. 
144. Labrus Adriaticus, the Adriatic wrafle : four broad 
bands acrofs the body; rays in the dorfai fin, black 
ocellate fpots on its hind part. Inhabits the Adriatic, 
body pale, three inches long. Head with oblique tawny 
lines; iris yellowilh ; teeth very fmail ; anterior gill co¬ 
vert ferrate. Ventral and anal fins black ;• the latter tipt 
with yellow. 
145. Labrus varius, the variegated wrafle: beautifully 
variegated with purple, green, blue, and black. Inha¬ 
bits the Mediterranean, about Marfeilles; delicate-and 
wholefome food. 
III. Tail-fin in three parts, or lobes. This third divifion is 
from Cepede, and confitts entirely of new lpecies de- 
feribed by him from Commerfon’s valuable manuferipts, 
146. Labrus trilobatus, the trilobated wrafle: 29 rays 
in the dorfai fin, 17 in the anal, 13 in the peflorals, and 
tail. The dorfai fin is long and low ; teeth large, lirong, 
nearly equal; head and opercula not fcaly like the back ; 
lateral line ramified and finuous ; obfeure fpots on the body. 
This and the four following inhabit the great equatorial 
ocean. 
147. Labrus bilunulatus, the double crefcent: ^ rays 
in the dorfai fin, which is in two parts : head not fcaly 
like the back; four large teeth in each jaw, lower jaw 
the longed; a fmail fpot on mod of the feales; a large one 
on each fide at the extremity of the dorfai fin. 
148. Labrus Hebra'icus, the Hebrew wrafle : 21 rays in 
the dorfai fin, 13 in the anal, 10 in the pectorals, 16 in 
the tail ; marks like Hebrew or oriental charadlers on the 
head and opercula, which are not fcaly ; a little fpot on 
mod of the feales; a tranfverfe dripe near the operculum. 
149. Labrus latovittatus, the broad-driped wrafle : 42 
rays in the dorfai fin, 41 in the anal, (both thefe very 
long,) 11 in the tail. Body and head long; teeth nu¬ 
merous, minute, equal; a itripe along the bafe of the 
LAB 
dorfai fin ; a broad one ftraight from the peftoral to the 
caudal fin. The lateral line, in this and the following, is 
firft bent, afterwards draight. 
150. Labrus annulatus, the annulated wrafle: 21 rays 
in the dorfai fin, 15 in the anal, 7 in the pectorals, 13 in 
the tail ; teeth fmail and equal; feales hardly vifible ; 
nineteen narrow, regular, uniform, dripes or bands, quite 
round the body. There is a large femilunar fpot on the 
bale of the caudal fin, occupying almod its own furface; 
a (tripe or two along the anal fin, and an oblique one 
pafling over each eye. 
151. Labrus tricufpidatus, the triple-tailed wrafle; tail 
trilobated ; two lateral lines. There are fa rays in the 
dorfai fin, 12 in the pedtorals, 6 in the ventrals, fa in the 
anal, 12 in the tail. This lpecies is about the lize of a 
common carp. The general colour is bluifli brown, va¬ 
ried on the head, neck, and opercula, with lines and fpots 
of red, white, and yellow. The pedtorals are yellow, ef- 
pecially at their origin ; the ventrals marked with red. 
The head and body are high and thick ; mofily covered 
with large, round, fmooth, feales. The two front teeth 
in each jaw longer than the red. Operculum bilaminated. 
The tail-fin is very broad ; and furnilhed on its fide at its 
origin with three or four appendages, almod membranous ; 
broad pointed feales, very loofe, being attached only by a 
very fmail portion of their circumference. The dorfai 
and anal,fins are pointed towards the tail. The two late¬ 
ral lines are very remarkable, and draight: the upper one 
runs from the operculum to near the end of the dorfai 
fin; the ftcond from a correfponding point in the middle 
of the anal to the appendages of the caudal ; each com- 
pofed of little lines or firokes, like Chinefe characters. 
Comrnerfon difeovered this fpecies in 1769 in the fea about 
the ifiands of Madagafcar and Mauritius. Gmelin's Linn. 
1283. Bloch, viii. 95. Cepede, iii. 424. Shaw, iv. 481. 
LABRU'SCA. See Vitis. 
LABUR'NUM. See Cytisus. 
LABUS'SIA, a river of Ruflia, in the government of 
Tobollk, which runs into the Vich in lat. 61. 50. N. Ion. 
79.14. E. 
LA'BY, a town of Sweden, in the province of Upland; 
twelve miles north of Upfal. 
LA'BY, a town of Africa, in the country of Sierra Le¬ 
one : fixty miles north of Teemboo. Lat. 10.48. N. 
LAB'YRINTH, / \_labyrinthus, Lat.] A maze; a place 
formed with inextricable windings.—The earl of Eilex 
had not proceeded with his accudomed warinefs and (kill; 
but run into labyrinths , from whence he could not dilen- 
tangle himfelf. Clarendon. 
Subblk, day ; 
Thou may’d not wander in that labyrinth ; 
There minotaurs and ugly treafons lurk. Shakcfpcarc. 
Mention is made of four celebrated labyrinths among 
the ancients, ranked by Pliny in the number of the won¬ 
ders of the world ; viz. the Cretan, Egyptian, Lemnian, 
and Italian. 
1. That of Egypt, according to Pliny, was the olded 
of all the known labyrinths, and was fubfifting in his time 
after having dood 3600 years. He fays, it was built by 
king Petefucus, or Tithoes; but Herodotus makes it the 
work of feveral kings; it flood on the banks of the-lake 
Moeris, and confided of 12 large contiguous palaces, con¬ 
taining 3000 chambers, 1500 of which were underground. 
See the article Architecture, vol. ii. p. 65. Strabo, 
Diodorus Siculus, Pliny, and Mela, fpeak of this monu¬ 
ment with the fame admiration as Herodotus; but not 
one of them tells us that it was conllrufled to bewilder 
thofe who attempted to go over it; though it is manifed 
that, without a guide, they would be in danger of lofing 
their way. It was this danger, no doubt, which intro¬ 
duced a new term into the Greek language. The word 
labyrinth, taken in the literal fenfe, dignifies a circumfcribed 
fpace, interfered by a number of paflages, fome of which 
crofs each other in every direction like thofe in quarries 
