126 L A M P 
Exp. 5. A delicate thermometer was introduced amongft 
fome living glow-worms, during the time they gave out 
much light : the temperature of the room being 69°, the 
inftrunient rofe to 75 0 , 76°, and 77 0 , according to circum- 
itances, as the warmth was reflected from the hand, ordif- 
fipated by the worm crawling over cold fubitances. The 
luminous portion of the tail, when very brilliant, appeared 
to raife the thermometer more quickly than the other 
parts of the body; but it was not invariably the cafe. 
When fliining ftrongly, the luminous rings appeared to 
communicate the fenfation of warmth to the hand ; but 
this was probably a deception, as the actual degree of heat 
was not lufncient for fuch an eite£l. It fliould however 
be mentioned, that, in Templar’sobfervations on the glow¬ 
worm, he faid his feelings deceived him, if he did not ex¬ 
perience fome heat from the fliining of the infeft. Phil. 
Tranf. No. 72. 
Exp. 6. To afcertain how far the evolution of heat, 
during the fhining of glow-worms, depended upon the 
life of the animals, the luminous portion of the tail was 
cut ofF from feveral living worms : if the thermometer 
was applied to them immediately, it was railed by them 
one or two degrees ; but after thefe parts were dead, al¬ 
though they continued to emit light, they produced no 
eftefl whatever upon the inftrument. 
It feetns proved by the foregoing experiments, that, fo 
far from the luminous fubftance being of a phofphoref- 
cent nature, it fometimes (hows the ltrongeft and molt 
conltant light when excluded from oxygen gas ; that in 
no circumllances does it undergo any proceis like corn- 
bullion, but is actually incapable of being inflamed ; that 
the increafe of heat, during the fliining of glow-worms, is 
an accompaniment, and not an effeff, of the phenomenon, 
and depends upon the excited ftate of the infeft; and, 
daftly, that heat and electricity increafe the exhibition of 
light, merely by operating like ether ltimuli upon the vi¬ 
tal properties of the animal. Phil. Tranf. 1S10, part ii. 
In addition to thefe opinions, we may mention that Dr. 
Davy has foil*)d that the light of the glow-worm is not 
rendered more brilliant in oxygen, or in oxygenated mu¬ 
riatic gas, than in common air; and that it is not fenfi- 
bly diminifhed in oxygen gas. On the Engraving at p. 
S3, the whole glow-worm is Ihown at fig. 2. the female at 
%• 3 - 
2. Lampyris fplendidula, the fplendid glow-worm: ob¬ 
long, brown ; fliield hyaline at the tip. This is faid to 
be peculiarly refplendent in (bowery weather. Inhabits 
woods of Europe. 
3. Lampyris corrufca, the flafliing glow-worm : dull 
black ; fhield with a rofy crefcent each fide. Inhabits 
North America. 
4. Lampyris obfeura, the dark glow-worm : black; 
fhield with a rufous fpot each fide. Inhabits Terra del 
Fuego. 
5. Lampyris laticornis, the flat-horned glow-worm : 
ovate, black; margin of the fliield rufous; antennae com- 
preiTed. Shield rounded; fhells fubftriate; abdomen with 
two or three white pellucid dots on the lall fegment.. In¬ 
habits Senegal. 
6. Lampyris pyralis, the American fire-fly : fhield ru¬ 
fous, black in the middle ; fliells black, the edges and 
abdomen white. Inhabits South America. 
7. Lampyris cinCla, the banded glow-worm : brown ; 
thorax, edge of the fliells, and tip of theabdomen, fulvous. 
Head brown ; abdomen black, the laft legment but one 
white, the laft fulvous; legs black ; thighs fulvous. 
8. Lampyris marginata, the marginated glow-worm : 
oblong, black ; edge round the thorax and fliells, fcutel, 
and hind-part of the abdomen, yellow. Antennae brown, 
yellow at the bafe ; legs variegated. Inhabits America. 
9. Lampyrispeffinata,the feathered glow-worm: black; 
outer bale of the fides of the fhield and tips of the abdo¬ 
men and fliells white; antennas pectinate, nearly as long 
as the body. Inhabits America. 
jo. Lampyris flabellicornis, the fan-horned glow-worm : 
Y It I S. 
black ; fliield before the margin, marginal line at the bafe 
of the fliells and tip of the abdomen white. Antennae 
very large, fan-fliaped. Inhabits Brafil. This large ele¬ 
gant fpecies is reprefented on the Plate at fig. 4. 
11. Lampyris hefpera, the yellow glow-worm : ovate; 
fliells brown, with a triangular marginal yellow fpot. 
Shield yellow, with a brown lpot on the fore-part. In¬ 
habits America. 
12. Lampyris ignita, the fiery glow-worm : ovate; fliells 
brown, with an ovate marginal yellow fpot. Shield with 
two brown fpots on the fore part; abdomen yellow. In¬ 
habits South America. 
13. Lampyris lucida, the bright glow-worm : oblong; 
fliells brown, the outer margin pale yellow ; abdomen yel¬ 
low. Inhabits South America. 
14. Lampyris nitidula, the twinkling glow-worm : ob¬ 
long, brown ; thorax yellowifh, with a black fpot in the 
middle; tip of the abdomen with two yellow fpots; head 
black. Inhabits Africa. 
15. Lampyris phofphorea, the phefplioric glow-worm : 
oblong, lubtef'caceous ; abdomen black, rich yellow be¬ 
hind; antennae black. Inhabits America. 
16. Lampyris Japonica, the Japan fire-fly: yellow; laft 
fegment but two of the abdomen black. Inhabits Japan, 
where it flies about in the evening during the months of 
May and June, and fcatter6 a phol'phoric vapour from two 
veficles at the end of the tail. 
17. Lampyris atra, the black glow-worm: black; mar¬ 
gin of the thorax rufous; antennae ferrate. Inhabits 
North America. 
18. Lampyris Capenfis, the Cape glow-worm: livid; 
thorax yellowifh ; abdomen rich yellow behind. Antennae 
brown ; fcutel yellowifh ; fliells with a brown fpot at the 
bafe, and yellowifh at the edge ; wings black ; legs livid, 
brown at the ends. Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. 
19. Lampyris Auftralis, the Auftralafian glow-worm: 
yellowifh ; head and fliells brown ; tip of the abdomen 
clear white. Thorax and fcutel ferruginous; ends of the 
legs black. Inhabits New Holland; very much refembles 
the next. 
20. Lampyris Italica, the Italian firefly: black; tho¬ 
rax tranfverie, and with the legs rufous ; abdomen clear 
white at the tip. In this fpecies it is faid that the male 
as well as the female is luminous. It feems to be a native 
of our ifland alfo, though lei’s common here than in the 
warmer parts of Europe. Aldrovandus deferibes the 
winged glow-worm as having its wing-fhells of a dufky co¬ 
lour, and at the end of the body two brilliant fiery fpots 
like the flame of fulphur. And in the Philofophical 
Tranfactions for the year 1684 vve find a paper by a Mr. 
Waller, del’cribing the Englifh flying glow worm as of a dark 
colour with the tail part very luminous; he maintains 
that both male and female of this fpecies are winged, and 
that the female is larger than the male. The light of this 
infe£t was very vivid, fo as to be plainly perceived even 
when a candle was in the room. Mr. Waller obferved 
this fpecies at Northaw in Hertford fli ire. From the figure 
given by this writer, it appears to be about half an inch 
in length, which is much fmaller than the common fe¬ 
male glow-worm. In Italy this flying glow-worm is ex¬ 
tremely plentiful ; and we are informed by Dr. Smith, 
and other travellers, that it is a very common practice for 
the ladies to flick them by way of ornament in different 
parts of their head-drefs during the evening-hours. This 
fpecies is fiiown of the natural fize at rig. 5. the fame mag¬ 
nified, and laid on its back, at fig. 6. 
21. Lampyris vittata, the ftriped glow-worm : rufous; 
fhells black, with a yellow margin all round, and an ab¬ 
breviated fillet in the middle. Antennas black, the joints 
rufous at the bafe; thorax orbicular; legs ferruginous, the 
joints black. Inhabits Guadaloupe. 
22. Lampyris Mauritanica, the African glow-worm: 
fliells livid ; body yellow. Inhabits Africa. 
23. Lampyris hemipfera, the fhort-winged fire-fly 1 
black; fliells very fiiort. ovate. Antenna; comprefled ; 
fhield 
