LAN 
14ft 
food, which confifts chiefly of frefh beef, and barley broth, 
cheefe, potatoes, and barley bread, with now and then 
i'ome frei'h herrings as a variety. Their breakfaft and fup- 
per is, principally, oatmeal porridge, with milk in the 
rummer, and, in winter, a fauce made of beer and melaffes. 
At {even o’clock the children fup j after this there is no 
night-work, a pernicious and infamous practice in life at 
molt other manufactories. After fupper the fchools open, 
and continue fo till nine o’clock. The final! children, 
that are not old enough to work, are inftrufted in the day¬ 
time ; the elder children learn in the evening, when the 
daily labour is concluded. The boys learn to read, write, 
and caft accounts ; the girls, in addition to thefe acquili- 
tions, are taught to wmrk at the needle. Some of the 
children are taught church-mufic ; and on Sunday they 
all, under the immediate guidance of the mailers, attend 
a place of divine worfliip, and the reft of the day is occu¬ 
pied, chiefly, in receiving moral and religious inllrudtion 
from thefe matters. Some few years fince a veflel, carry¬ 
ing emigrants from the Highlands to America, was driven 
by foul weather into Greenock, and in confequence more 
than two hundred poor creatures were put on-fhore in a 
molt helplefs and wretched ttate. Mr. Dale, as foon as he 
knew it, offered them all employment, and molt of them 
entered immediately into his fervice. He alfo, loon after, 
invited Other people from the Highlands, and undertook 
to provide habitations for two hundred families. The 
invitation was joyfully accepted, and numbers of Highlan¬ 
ders came, and have taken up their abode in the territory 
of their benevolent employer. Many families alfo, that 
were lately driven from Ireland by want and by famine, 
have found protection, fupport, and employment, for 
them and their little ones, from this indefatigable philan- 
thropift. Brifted's Tour. 
Lanerk unites with Peebles, Linlithgow, and Selkirk, 
lo fend one member to parliament. In 1801, the number 
of inhabitants was 4.69a, of whom 1611 were employed in 
trade and manufacture : twenty-four miles fouth-eaft of 
Glafgow, and thirty-two weft-fouth-weft of Edinburgh. 
Laf. 55.43. N. Ion. 3.56. W. 
LANER'KSHIRE, a county of Scotland, bounded on 
the north by Dumbartonlhire 5 on the north-eaft by Sel- 
kirklhire, Linlithgowlhire, and Edinburghlhire; on theeaft 
by Peeblesfliire ; on the fouth by Dumfriesfliire; on the 
fouth-weft by Ayrlhire; and on the weft, toward the north, 
by the Clyde; forty miles long, and about twenty-two in 
its mean breadth. Its form has been fancifully compared 
to that of a vine-leaf; the mouth of the Clyde fuppofed 
to reprefent the ftem, the courfe of that river the middle 
vein, and the fmaller ftreams its collateral branches. The 
river Clyde, defeending from the fouthern part of this 
county, divides it into two equal parts; the one called the 
Shire of Lanerk, and the other the Barony of Glafgow ; 
the one hilly, healthy, and fit for pafture; and the other 
level, and proper for corn. The principal rivers, all of 
which rife on the fame hill, are the Clyde and the An¬ 
nan, both of which run into the Irifh Sea; alfo, the Tweed, 
which falls into the German Ocean ; befides which, the 
Frith of Clyde is joined to the Frith of Forth by a canal, 
for the benefit of navigation and trade. It abounds with 
coal and limeftone; has lome lead-mines; and abundance 
of lapis lazuli is dug here. The chief towns are Glafgovv, 
Hamilton, and Lanerk. In 1801, the population was 
146,699 ; of which 38,036 were employed in trade and ma¬ 
nufactures, and 15,704 in agriculture. 
Proceeding up the Clyde from Glafgovv, the country is 
rich and well cultivated. Bothwell-cattle, now in ruins, 
Hands on an eminence which overlooks the Clyde. Some 
of its walls are ftill remaining, which meafure fifteen feet 
in thicknefs and fixty feet in height. Betweenthis cattle 
and the Priory of Blantyre on the oppofite fide of the 
Clyde, there is faid to have been in ancient times a fub- 
terraneous paflage under the river. A little above Hands 
Botlnvell-bridge, noted for the defeat of the Covenanters 
by the duke of Monmouth in 1679. Enft from Bothwell 
LAN 
eaftle, in an elevated Situation, fcands the Kirk of Shotts, 
amid a wild and barren country. This dreary watte is 
covered with heath ; and, though a high fituation, is flat, 
and very marfby in many places. It is chiefly employed 
as Iheep-walks ; and, notwithstanding the vicinity of coal 
and lime, feems fcarcely capable of cultivation. This 
want is, however, compenfated by the abundance of iron- 
ftone and coal, which are here brought together by the 
hand of nature. Nor is this advantage confined to the 
barren trail in the north-eaft corner of the Ihire. The 
whole county abounds with thefe valuable minerals; and 
two iron-works are eredted on the banks of the Clyde, 
one a little above Glafgow, and another at Cleland near 
Hamilton. But the moll confiderable work of-this kind 
in the county is that of Cleugh, a few miles fouth-eaft 
from the Kirk of Shotts. A village is here built for the 
accommodation of the workmen : it is called Wilfon-lowa 
from the name of the proprietors. There are, befides thefe, 
two other-iron works in this county, one on the banks of 
the Calder near Airdrie, and the other at Shotts. 
LANES, a town of Sweden, in the province of Anger- 
mannland : thirty miles north of Hernofand. 
LA'NESBOROUGH, a village fix miles from York. 
Here is an ulmfhoufe for twelve aged perfons, being de¬ 
cayed farmers. 
LA'NESBOROUGH, a town of Ireland, in the county 
of Longford, on the river Shannon. Before the union it 
fent two members to the Irilli Parliament : feven miles 
fouth-weft of Longford, and fifteen north of Athlone. 
Lat. 53. 38. N. Ion. 7. 55. W. 
LA'NESBOROUGH, a townfliip of North America, 
in Berkfhire county, Maffachufetts, north-by-eaft of Han¬ 
cock : twelve miles north-by-weft of Lenox, and 144 weft- 
by-north of Bolton. It affords a quarry of good marble. 
LAN'FRANC, a celebrated archbifliop of Canterbury- 
in the eleventh century, was a native of Italy, and bom 
at Pavia, where his father was keeper of the public ar¬ 
chives. He went through his courfe of academical ltudies 
at Bologna; and, having paid particular attention for 
fome years to the ftudy of rhetoric and the civil law, re¬ 
turned to his native city, where he commenced an advo¬ 
cate in the courts. Thinking this, however, too narrow 
a fphere, he removed into France, and taught publicly for 
fome time at Avranches, where his fchool was foon crowded 
with fludents of high rank. On a journey from that 
place to Rouen, he fell into the hands of highwaymen, 
who robbed him, and, after binding him, left him in a 
foreft near the abbey of Bee ; on the following day he was 
releafed ; upon which lie went to the abbey of Bee, then 
newly founded, and took the monk’s habit. This was in 
the year 1041. His genius, learning, and virtue, foon 
procured him the refpedl of the fraternity, by whom he 
was chofen prior in 1044. Here he opened a fchool, which 
in a little time became very famous, and was frequented 
by fludents from all parts of Europe. While he refided 
in this abbey, his literary fame and his excellent character 
recommended him to the efteem of William I. duke of Nor¬ 
mandy, who made him one of his counfellors of Hate. 
Under the pontificate of Leo IX. he went to Rome, where 
he vindicated himfelf from the charge which had been 
preferred againft him, of having adopted the dodtrine of 
Berenger. Not long afterwards he aliifted at the council 
of Verceil, where he exprefsly and formally oppofed that 
dodtrine. In the year 1059, he went to Rome a fecond 
time, arid aflilled at the council held at the Lateran, be¬ 
fore which Berenger abjured his opinions. His principal 
objedl, however, in this journey, was to folicit a dilpen- 
fation for the marriage of duke William with the daugh¬ 
ter of the earl of Flanders, his coufin ; which was grant ¬ 
ed, upon the condition that the duke and his lady lliould 
build a monaftery. They accordingly gave diredtions for 
the building of the monaftery of St. Stephen, at Caen, of 
which Lanfranc was appointed abbot in the year 1063. 
Here he ellabliflied a new academy, which became no lefa 
fanjous than his fwmer one at Bec„ 
§00 a 
