COS 
L A N 
Softnefs of mien.—Humility it expreffes, by the Hop¬ 
ing or bending of the head ; languijhmmt, when we hang 
it one fide. Dryden. 
LAN'GUOR, f. [ languor , Lat. langueur, Fi\] Faint- 
nefs; wearifomenefs: 
Well hoped I, and fair beginnings had, 
That he my captive languor ffiould redeem. Spenjer. 
Liftleffnefsinattention.—Academical deputation gives 
vigour and brificnefs to the mind thus exercifed, and re¬ 
lieves the languor of private ftudy and meditation. Watts. 
—Softnefs ; laxity : 
To ifles of fragrance, lily-filver’d vales 
DifFufing languor in the parting gales. Dunciad. 
In phyfic.— Languor and latitude fignifies a faintnefs, 
which may arife from want or decay of fpirits, through 
indigeftion, or too much exercife ; or from an additional 
weight of fluids, from a diminution of fecretion by the 
common difcharges. Quincy. 
L AN'GUOROUS, adj. Tedious ; melancholy. Not in 
vje: 
Dear lady, how {hall I declare thy cafe, 
Whom late I left in languorous conftraint. Spenjer. 
LANGUR, a mountain of Thibet: forty miles eaft of 
Tankia. 
LAN'GUR, a river of Mingrelia, anciently called 
AJlolphus, which runs into the Black Sea about two miles 
from Anarghia. 
LAN'GUT, a town of Pruflia, in the province of Ober- 
land : ten miles fouth-eatt of Morungen. 
LANG'WASSER, a river of Silelia, which runs into 
Queis near Fried berg. 
LANG'WATHBY, a village in Cumberland, near 
Kirkland and Edenhall, from which it is divided by the 
river Eden. The vicar of Edenhall officiates here and at 
Edenhall alternately. 
LANG'WEDEL, a town of Germany, in the county 
of Verden : four miles north of Verden. 
LA-NGWIE'SE, a town of Bohemia, in Leitmeritz : 
twenty miles weft-north-weft of Leitmeritz. 
LAN'HAM. See Lavenham. 
LANGHAR'N, a village in Cornwall, north-weft of 
Columb-Magna, near St. George’s Channel. There is a 
bill near it, with a rampire on file top of it, where the 
Danes encamped when they preyed upon the Englith 
coaft. 
LANHO'SA, a town of Portugal, in the province of 
Entre Duero e Minho : fix miles eaft of Braga. 
LAN'IARD, /! [from lanier, Fr.] A ftiort piece of cord 
or line fattened to feveral machines in a fliip, and ferving 
to fecure them in a particular place, or to manage them 
more conveniently. Such are the laniards of the gun- 
port. the laniard of the buoy, the laniard of the cat-hook, 
&c. The principal laniards ufed in a (hip, however,are thofe 
employed to extend the Ihrouds and ftays of the marts by 
their communication with the dead eyes, fo as to form a 
fort of mechanical power refembling that of a tackle. 
Thefe laniards are fixed in the dead eyes as follows : One 
end of the laniard is thruft through one of the holes of 
the upper dead eye, and then knotted, to prevent it from 
drawing out; the other is tSien palTed through one of the 
holes in the lower dead eye, whence, returning upward, it 
is inferted through the fecond hole in the upper dead eye, 
and next through the fecond in the lower dead eye, and 
finally through the third holes in both dead eyes. The 
end of the laniard, being then dire tied upwards from the 
lowed dead eye, is ftretched as lliff as poflible by the ap¬ 
plication of tackles ; and, that the feveral parts of it may 
hide with more facility through the holes of the dead eyes, 
it is well fmeared with hog’s lard or tallow, fo that the 
{train is immediately communicated to all the turns at 
■once. 
LANJAR'GN, a town of Spain, in the province of 
Grenada : fifteen miles fouth of Grenada. 
LAN 
LA'NIARY, f. [from the Lat. lanio, a butcher.] A 
butcher-row; a flaughter-houfe. Bailey. 
To LA'NIATE, v. a. {lanio, Lat.] To tear in pieces; 
to lacerate. 
LANIA'TION, [. The aft of tearing to pieces; the 
aft of flaughtering. 
LANIE'RE (Nicolo), an Italian who came into Eng¬ 
land early in the laft century : there is a fine portrait of 
him at the Grange, in Hampfliire, by Vandyke. It was 
the fight of this portrait that determined Charles I. to em¬ 
ploy that excellent painter. Lanier profefiionally prac- 
tifed mufic, painting, and engraving; but his greatelt ex¬ 
cellence was in mufic. His own portrait, painted by him- 
felf, is in the mufic-fchool at Oxford. He etched a con- 
fiderable number of plates fora drawing-book ; was an able 
connoiffeur in piftures ; and had the art of giving mo¬ 
dern paintings an air of antiquity, and putting off copies 
for originals. Granger. 
It is recorded in the folio edition of Ben Jonfon’s works, 
printed 1640, that, in 1617, his whole mafque, which was 
performed at the houfe of lord Hay, for the entertainment 
of the French ambaffador, was fet to mufic after the Ita¬ 
lian manner, Jlilo recitativo, by Nic. Laniere, who was not 
only ordered to fet the mufic, but to paint the fcenes. 
This fiiort piece, being wholly in rhyme, though without 
variation in the meafure to diftinguifh airs from the reci¬ 
tation, as it was all in mu deal declamation, may be fafely 
pronounced the firft attempt at an opera in the Italian 
manner, after the invention of recitative. But in the fame 
year, in the mafque, by the fame author, called “The Vi- 
fion of Delight,” prefented at court during Chriftmas, 
there is a manireft diftinfilion of air from recitative; in 
both w'hich ftyles the whole piece, in verfes of different 
meafures, was performed. It is opened by Delight, per- 
fonified, who, Jlilo recitativo, “ fpake in fong.” Then 
Night, likewife perfonified, fang, “ Break Fancy, from 
thy cave of cloud, &c.” This air ends in a chorus, or 
quire. After which Fancy fpake, in Jlilo recitativo. Then 
Peace fang, “ Why look you fo, See." After which an air 
that terminates in a quire. The fong ended, “ Wonder 
fpake,” in recitative. Then dancing, finging, and cho¬ 
rus. Here we have all the charadrteriftics of a genuine 
opera, or mufical drama of modern times, complete : 
lplendid fcenes and machinery ; poetry ; mufical recita¬ 
tion ; air; chorus ; and dancing. Though the mufic of 
this mafque is not to be found, yet of Laniere’s Mujica 
narrativa we have feveral examples, printed by Play ford 
in the colledlions of the time; particularly the Ayres and 
Dialogues, 1653, and the fecond part of the Mufical Com¬ 
panion, which appeared in 1667; and in which his mufic 
to the Dialogues is infinitely luperior to the reft. His re¬ 
citative is more like that of his countrymen at prelent, 
than any contemporary Engliftiman’s. However, thefe 
Dialogues were compofed before the laws and phrafeology 
of recitative were fettled, even in Italjn His cantata of 
Hero andLeander was much celebrated during thofe times, 
and the recitative regarded as a model of true Italian mu¬ 
fical declamation. Barney. 
LANIFE'RA AR'BOR. See Bombax. 
LANIF'EROUS, adj. [from the Lat. lana, wool, and 
fero, to bear.] Bearing wool. 
LANIF'ICAL, adj. [from the Lat. lana, wool, and fa- 
cio, to make.] Making wool ; working in wool. Cole. 
LANIF'ICE, J. [lanificium , Lat.] Woollen manufac¬ 
ture.—The moth breedeth upon cloth and other lanificcs, 
efpecially if they be laid up dankifh and wet. Bacon. 
LANIF'ICOUS, adj. [from the Lat. lana, wool, and 
facio, to make.] Making wool ; working in wool. 
LANIG'EROUS, adj. [laniger, Lat.] Bearing wool. 
LANIGFEN. See Lahigian, p. 87. 
LANI'NA, a town of Rufiia, in the government of Ir- 
kutflff near the Baikal Lake; eighty miles north-eaft of 
Irkutfk. 
LANI'NI (Bernardino), an hiftorical painter, native of 
Vercelli, and a pupil of Gaudenzio Ferrari. He imitated 
th« 
