L A T 
found to lie in the preparation of this fuet; and this he 
at length difcovered to confift only in the firft frying and 
burning it. This fimple operation not only gives it the 
colour, but puts it into a condition to give the iron a dif- 
polition to be tinned, which it does furprifingly. 
The melted tin mull alfo have a certain degree of heat: 
for, if it is not hot enough, it will not Itick to the iron ; 
and, if it is too hot, it will cover it with too thin a coat, 
and the plates will have feveral colours, as red, blue, and 
purple ; and, upon the whole, will have a call of yellow. 
To prevent this, by knowing when the fire has a proper 
degree of heat, they might try with fmall pieces of iron; 
but, in general, ufe teaches them to know the degree, 
and they put in the iron when the tin is at a different 
llandard of heat, according as they would give it a thicker 
or thinner coat. Sometimes alfo they give the plates a 
double layer, when they would have them very thickly co¬ 
vered. This they do by dipping them into the tin, when 
very hot, the firlt time, and, when lefs hot, the fecond. 
The tin, which is to give the fecond coat, muft be frelh 
covered with fuet, and that with the common fuet, not 
the prepared. Phil. Tranf. N° 406. 
LAT'TEN, adj. [from the J'ub.~\ Made of thin plates 
of iron tinned over. 
LAT'TER, adj. [This is the comparative of late, though 
univerfally written with tt, contrary to analogy, and to 
our own practice in the fuperlative latejl. When the thing 
of which the comparifon is made is mentioned, we ufe la¬ 
ter ; as, This fruit is later than the rell; but latter when 
no comparifon is expreffed, and the reference is merely to 
time ; as, Thofe are latter fruits.] Happening after fome- 
thing elfe : 
Thus will this latter , as the former, world. 
Still tend from bad to worfe. Milton. 
Modern; lately done or pall.—Hath not navigation dif¬ 
covered, in thefe latter ages, whole nations at the bay of 
Soldania? Locke. —Mentioned laft of two.—The difference 
between reafon and revelation, and in what fenle the lat¬ 
ter is fuperior. Watts. 
LATTER MATH, f. The grafs that grows after the 
firft mowing; a fecond mowing. 
LAT'TERLY, adv. Of late ; in the laft part of life: 
a low word, lately hatched.—Latterly Milton was fhort and 
thick. Rickardfon. 
LAT'TICE, f. \latlis, French ; by Junius written let- 
tice, and derived from left iepn, a hindering-iron, or iron 
flop ; by Skinner imagined to be derived from latte, Dut. 
a lath ; or to be corrupted from nettice, or network ; perhaps 
from let and eye ; leteyes, that which lets the eye. It may 
be deduced from laterculus .] A reticulated window; a 
window made with fticks or irons crofting each other at 
fmall diltances.—My good window of lattice, fare thee 
well; thy cafement I need not open, I look through thee. 
Shakefpcare. 
Thou lhalt not peep through lattices of eyes. 
Nor hear through labyrinths of ears, nor learn 
By circuit or collections to difcern. Donne. 
To LAT'TICE, v.a. To decuffate, or crofs; to mark 
with crofs parts like a lattice. 
LATTICED, adj. Having longitudinal lines, or fur¬ 
rows, interfered by tranfverfe ones. 
LATTICING, f. The aft of covering with lattice, of 
making lattices. 
LAT'TIMO, f. in the glafs-trade, a name for a fine 
milk-white glals. There are feveral ways of making it; 
but the bell of all is this : Take 4 cwt. of cryftal frit, 60 
pounds of calcined tin, and of prepared manganele; 
mix thefe well with the frit, and fet them in a pot in a 
furnace to melt and refine. At the end of eighteen hours 
this will be purified ; then call it into water, purify it 
again afterwards in the furnace, and make a proof of it. 
li it be too clear, add s 5 pounds more of calcined tin ; 
mix it well with the metal, and let if Hand one day to pu- 
VOL.XII. No. 8*9. 
L. A V 277 
rify : it will then be of a whitenefs furpaffing even that 
of fiiow, and is fit to work into velfels. 
LAT'TON PRI'ORY, a village three miles north from 
Epping. The priory-church, now ufed as a barn, con- 
fills of a nave and a crofs aide; and the infide of the build¬ 
ing is of the lighter dryle of Gothic, with the pointed 
arch. The materials of which it is compofed are flint- 
ftones, mortar, and the old flat bricks called Roman; and 
what appears to have been the fite of the priory is fur- 
rounded by a moat, without which, fouth of the prefent 
buildings, human bones are frequently found ; which cir- 
cumllance points out the ancient burial-place. Ealt of 
the church, without the moat, appears a fmall riling, with 
a hollow without it, like the remains of an intrenchment. 
The interval between this rife and the moat, the inhabit¬ 
ants, from its appearance, called the Monks’ Bowling- 
green. The canons of this priory were Augultine. At 
the diffolution it was granted to fir Henry Parker. It was 
purchafed in 1562 by James Altbam, efq. whofe defcend- 
ant, fir William Altham, fold it to fir William Luihing- 
ton, efq. with the fine manor and manfion of Marks Hall, 
in this parifli. Mr. Lulhington rebuilt the houfe in the 
modern llyle, and fold it to Montague Burgoyne, efq. 
LATTYPOU'R, a town of Bengal: twenty miles north 
of Kilhenagur. 
LA'TUS, f. [Latin.] A fide. 
Latus primarium, Latus rectum, and Latus 
transversum ; fee the article Conic Sections, vol. v. 
LATZ'KE, a town of Hinder Pomerania: four miles 
fouth-fouth-well of Belgard. 
LATZ'KI, a town of Auftrian Poland, in Galicia : 
eighty miles weft-fouth-welt of Lemberg. 
LA'VA, J. in mineralogy, a genus of argillaceous earth. 
Generic characters: Conlilting of alumine, with a larger 
portion of filex and oxyd of iron, and frequently a little 
carbonat of lime and carbonat of magnefia. Generally of 
a dull colour, becoming hoary when fcraped, meagre, 
breaking into indeterminate fragments, mouldering into 
argil in the air. Produced by the internal fires of volca¬ 
nic mountains from which it is thrown out, and melting 
again into a black glafs. 
According to Kirwan, the word lava is derived from 
the Gothic word laujfen, to run. Lava often refembles 
porous bafalt; but it is impoflible to define a lava accu¬ 
rately, becaufe not only different volcanoes but even the 
fame volcanoes produce different lavas at different times; 
the internal fire perhaps taking different directions, and 
afting on different fubftances. Many lavas affeCl the 
magnetic needle. A lava analyfed by Bergman gave the 
following refults : iilex 49, alumine 35, lime 4, oxyd of 
iron 12 ; but one fpecies, the pumice-ltone, contains 77^ 
of filex. Many dark-coloured lavas become white, in 
confequence of the neighbourhood of acid fulphureous 
vapours; for thefe, aCting on the iron and clay contained 
in the lavas, form fulphat of alumine and of iron .; which 
being afterwards wafhed away, the lava remains white. 
Some lavas are naturally white. Lavas often undergo a 
concentric difintegration, after the manner of fome whin- 
ttones. Dolomieu fays that he has feen, in the ruins of 
ancient Rome, blocks of granite and porphyry undergo¬ 
ing a fimilar difintegration from the aClion of the weather. 
Almoff all lavas undergo difintegration by expofure to 
air; but the time required for this effect is very different 
in different inflances. Some are decompofed in an age or 
two; but fome not under athoufand years. Hence many 
occafions of falfe judgment have arifen with refpeCt to the 
length of time employed in the accumulations of foils 
that have been formed by the difintegration of lava. This 
obfervation, which Dolomieu firft made, has been con¬ 
firmed by Spallanzani and others: and Spallanzani expofss 
the errors which Brydone and count Bcrch fell into rela¬ 
tive to the age of the earth, by computing from the depth 
of the foil which had been accumulated from the disinte¬ 
grated lava ; the procefs advancing by no fixed ratio. 
Thus count Borch mentions a lava which flowed in the 
4 B year 
