eea LAVANDULA. 
lias been nfed for ftimulating paralytic limbs, and for fe- 
veral external purpofes. 
2. Lavandula ftcechas, or French lavender: leaves fef- 
file, linear, tomentofe, rolled back at the edge; fpike con- 
trafted, comofe; bractes fubtrilobate. French lavender, 
or purple ftcechas, has a low, thick, (hrubby, (talk, about 
two feet high, fending- out woody branches the whole 
length. Leaves about an inch long, hoary and pointed, of 
a ftrong aromatic fcent, oppofite at each joint, with fmaller 
leaves of the fame ftiape coming out at the fame places. 
The branches are terminated with fcaly fpikes of purple 
flowers, four-cornered, and an inch in length ; and at the 
top a coma, or fmall tuft, of purple leaves. The whole 
plant has a very ftrong, aromatic, agreeable, odour. 
When it begins to flower, there are only four flowers in 
a whorl ; but thefe are afterwards increafed by the lateral 
gems, till it becomes gradually round. Native of the 
South of Europe ; lowers from May to July. 
( 3 . L. ftcechas pedunculata. In this variety the pedun¬ 
cles are three times the length of thole in the common 
ftoechas, and naked. The fpikes are longer, and not fo 
thick ; and the leaves of the coma are more numerous, 
longer, and of a brighter purple colour. Both thefe vary 
to purple, and white in the corolla 5 but the moft com¬ 
mon colour is blue. 
3. Lavandula viridis, or Madeira lavender; leaves fef- 
file, linear, wrinkled, villofe, rolled back at the edge; 
fpike comofe; bra£les undivided. This differs from the 
preceding by its wrinkled villofe leaves, which are green, 
and not hoary; the brakes alfo and coma are green and 
entire, not purple and fubtrilobate. Found in the ifland 
of Madeira by Maft'on. Introduced in 1777; flowers from 
May to July. 
4. Lavandula dentata, or tooth-leaved lavender : leaves 
feflile, linear, petlinate-pinnate ; fpike contracted, comofe. 
This has a woody ftalk two or three feet high, with four- 
cornered branches on every fide the whole length. Leaves 
oppofite, about an inch long, and an eighth of an inch 
broad, indented regularly on both fides almoft to the mid¬ 
rib, of a greyifh colour, a pleafant aromatic odour, and 
a’biting warm tafte. The flowers are produced in fcaly 
fpikes, at the ends of the branches, upon long naked pe¬ 
duncles. The fpikes are fonr-cornered, hairy, and about 
an inch long, terminated by a few purplifli leaves. Na¬ 
tive of Spain and the Levant; cultivated in 1597, as ap¬ 
pears from Gerarde; flowers from June to September. 
5. Lavandula pinnata, or pinnated lavender: leaves pe- 
tioled, pinnate; leaflets wedge-form; fpike imbricate. 
This is a low very-branching (hrub, with a brownifli bark. 
Calyx of the flower pale green or hoary ; corolla purple 
or pale violet, with a hairy throat, an upright tube twice 
the length of the calyx, and the upper lip double the 
length of the lower. The flowers have a fvveet fmell ; 
but the leaves have very little fmejl or tafte. Native of 
Madeira, where it was found by Francis Maft'on ; flowers 
from April to October. 
6. Lavandula multifida, or jagged lavender: leaves pe- 
tioled, pinnate; leaflets decurfively pinnatifid; fpike 
quadrangular; angles fpiral. This is an annual (or ra¬ 
ther a biennial) plant, with an upright branching woolly 
ftalk two feet high. Leaves hoary, oppofite, cut into 
many divifions to the midrib : thefe fegments are again 
divided on their borders towards the top into three blunt 
ones, fo that they end in many points. The peduncle is 
continued from the end of the branch, is naked, and 
about fix inches long, quadrangular, and terminated by 
a clofe fpike of flowers about one inch long: the rows of 
flowers are twifted fpirally. The corolla varies from blue 
to white. Seeds roundifti, fmall, bay-coloured, convex 
on one fide, obfcurely angular on the other, obliquely 
truncate at the bafe, and marked with a very wide white 
umbilical area. Native of Spain. Cultivated in 1597, as 
appears from Gerarde. 
j 3 . L. multifida Cannrienfis, or Canary lavender. This 
rifes with an upright branching fquare ftalk, four feet 
high. Leaves longer, and cut into narrower fegmerlfs, 
than the Spani(h plant: they are of a lighter green, and 
almoft fmooth : the naked flcwer-ftalk is alfo much longer/ 
and terminated with a clufter of fpikes of blue flowers 5 
at two or three inches below thefe are two fmall fpikes, 
one on each fide. The flowers are fmaller than thofe of 
common lavender. Native of the Canary Iflands, whence 
the feeds were fent to Compton bilhop of London, in 
whofe garden at Fulham the plants were firft railed. 
7. Lavandula carnofa, or thick-leaved lavender: leaves 
petioled, ovate-cordate, ferrate, flefliy ; fpike four-cor¬ 
nered ; calyxes recurved. This fpecies does not coalefce 
kindly with the reft ; but the bilabiate calyx and the re- 
fupine corolla evidently place it here. Native of the Eaft 
Indies, (where it was obferved by Koenig near Sadrafs on 
very arid rocks and walls, and by Rheede in the fands of 
Malabar.) It was introduced in 1778 by fir Jofeph 
Banks, and flowers in June. This, as well as the laft, is 
a biennial plant. 
Propagation and Culture. Common lavender is propa¬ 
gated by cuttings or flips, planted in March in a fhady 
lituation, or in a border where they may be (haded by 
mats until they have taken root; after which they may¬ 
be expofed to the fun; and, when they have obtained 
ftrength, remove them to the places where they are to re¬ 
main. Thefe plants will abide much longer in a dry gra¬ 
velly or ftrong foil, in which they will endure our fevered 
winters ; but they will grow much fafter in fummer, on 
a rich light moiit foil, but then they are generally de- 
ltroyed in winter, nor are the plants fo ftrong fcented, or 
fit for medicinal ufes, as thofe which grow on a barren 
rocky foil. It was formerly in ufe to make edgings to 
borders, but it grows too large for the purpofe; if often 
cut in dry weather it is fubjeCt to decay, and in hard win¬ 
ters fome of the plants will be killed ; itftiould be planted 
therefore in beds in the kitchen-garden where the foil is 
dried. O11 account of its odour, however, plants of it 
ftiould be interl'perfed among low flirubs and large her-? 
baceous plants in the borders of large gardens and plan¬ 
tations. 
Purple ftoechas, fo called on account of its being found 
on the iflands called Stcechades, may be cultivated by 
flowing the feeds upon a bed of light dry foil in March ; 
when they come up, clear them from weeds until they are 
two inches high, and then remove them. For this pre¬ 
pare a fpot of light dry ground, lay it level, and tread it 
out into beds, into which fet the plants at five or fix 
inches diftance every way; watering and (hading them 
until they have taken root. If the winter ftiould prove 
fevere, cover them with mats, peafe-haulm, or other light 
covering, to guard them againft the froft. In March, or 
the beginning of April, the following fpring, remove 
them into the places where they are to remain ; taking a 
warm moift feafon, if poflible, for this purpofe, and not 
letting them remain long above ground. The (oil ftiould 
be a dry warm fand or gravel; and,, the poorer the (oil is, 
the better will this plant endure the cold of winter. In 
a rich moift ground it will not produce fo many flowers, 
nor will they have fo ftrong an aromatic fcent. It may 
alfo be increafed by flips or cuttings; but the feeds ripen 
well in this country, and plants railed from thefe are much 
better. 
Tooth-leaved lavender, and fome of the others, feldotn 
producing feeds in England, are propagated by flips or 
cuttings, planted in April, and treated as direfted for 
the preceding forts. Thefe will take root very freely, 
but mull be tranfplanted into pots, that they may be 
(heltered from fevere froft in winter, efpecially whilft 
young. When they have obtained ftrength, fome may be 
planted in a warm lituation, on a dry foil, where, being 
prevented from growing too vigoroully, they will endure 
the cold much better than in richer ground. Jagged la¬ 
vender, or jagged fticados, as Gerarde calls it, may be 
fown in a border of light earth in the fpring, and tranf¬ 
planted into the borders of the flower-garden or into pots. 
3 They 
