28G L A U 
LAV'ATRINE, f . A fink; a place in a kitchen to 
wa(h in. Cote. 
LAVA'TRIS, in ancient geography, a place of Great 
Britain, mentioned in Antonine’s 5th Iter, and fuppofed 
to be Bowes in Yorkfhire. 
LAVAU'R, a town of France, and principal place of a 
diltncl, in the department of the Tarn ; before the revo¬ 
lution it was the fee of a bifliop : nineteen miles north- 
weft of Caftres, and eighteen north-eaft of Touloufe. Lat. 
43. 4.1. N. Ion. 1. 53. E. 
LAU'BACH. See Laybach. 
LAU'BACH, a town of France, in the department of 
the Rhine and Mofelle : two miles north of Simmern, and 
thirty-feven weft of Mentz. 
LAU'BACH, a town of Germany, in the principality 
of Solms Laubach : forty miles north-eaft of Mentz, and 
fixteer. eaft-louth-eaft of Wetzlar. Lat. 50.32. N. Ion. 
8. 59. E. • 
LAU'BAN, or Lu'ban, a town of Lufatia, on the river 
Quiets, furrounded by a wall and fome baftions. The in¬ 
habitants carry on a confiderable trade in cloth and linen. 
In the years 1427 and 14.31, it was laid wafte by the Huf- 
fites: thirteen miles ealt-fouth-eaft of Gorlitz, fixty-two 
north of Drefden, and feventy-two north-north-eaft of 
Prague. Lat. 51.7. N. Ion. 14. 25. E. 
LAU'BENDORF, a town of Germany, in the princi¬ 
pality of Anfpach : three miles weft-north-weft of Lan- 
genzenn. 
LAUBI'ES, a town of France, in the department of the 
Lozerre : twelve miles north of Mende. 
LAUCH, a river of France, which runs into the Ill in 
the department of the Upper Rhine. 
LAU'CHA, a town of Saxony, in Thuringia, on the 
Unftrutt: thirty-two miles north-eaft of Erfurt, and fix 
north-weft of Naumburg. Lat. 51.14. N. Ion. 11. 47. E. 
LAUCH'ART, a river of Germany, which runs into 
the Danube one mile eaft of Sigmaringen. 
LAUCH'HEIM, a town of Germany, belonging to the 
Teutonic Knights : ten miles weft of Nordlingen, and 
thirty-eight weft of Stuttgart. Lat. 48. 50. N. Ion. io. 
14. E. 
LAUCH'STADT, a town of Saxony, in the territory 
of Merfeburg, with a medicinal fpring : four miles weft 
of Merfeburg, and eleven eaft of Querfurt. Lat. 51. 26. N. 
Ion. i2.1. E. 
LAUCHKISS'KEN, a town of Pruflia, in Samland: 
twenty-five miles eaft-north-eaft of Konigfberg. 
LAUD (William), archbifliop of Canterbury in the 
reign of Charles I. was the fon of a clothier at Reading 
in Berkfliire, where he was born in the year 1573. Hav¬ 
ing been inftrufted in grammar-learning at the free-fchool 
in that place, he was lent to the univerlity of Oxford in 
1589, where he entered of St. John’s college; of which 
lioufe he became a fcholar in 1590, and fellow in 1593. 
In the following year he was admitted to the degree of 
B.A. and to that of M.A. in 1598, when he was gram¬ 
mar-reader. Anthony Wood tells us, that he was “ at 
that time efteemed, by all thofe that knew him, a very for¬ 
ward, confident, and zealous, perfon.” He was ordained 
deacon in 1600, and prieft in 1601 ; and in the following 
year he read a divinity-lefture in his college. It was ei¬ 
ther in reading this lecture, or in fome other of his cha- 
pel-exercifes, that he maintained the conftant and perpe¬ 
tual vifibility of the church of Chrift, derived from the 
apoftles to the church of Rome, and continued in that 
church, as in others of the eaft and weft, till the refor¬ 
mation. Dr. Abbot, at that time matter of Univerfity- 
college, and vice-chancellor of the univerlity, traced it, 
on the contrary, from the Berengarians to the Albigenfes, 
from them to the Wickliffites, from thefe to the Huflites, 
and from the Huftites to Luther and Calvin. This oppo- 
fition in fentiment between Abbot and Laud occafioned, 
in the courfe of the difputes uppn the fubjeft, no little 
animofity between them. In the year 1603, Mr. Laud 
was one of the proCtors of the univerfity ; and in the fame 
3 
L A U 
year he was appointed chaplain to Charles Blount, earl of 
Devonfiiire. In 1604 he took his degree of bachelor of 
divinity ; and in the exercife which he performed on this 
occafion, maintained, ill, the neceftity of baptifm ; 2dly, 
that there could be no true church without diocefan bi- 
fliops. por the laft pofition he was attacked by Dr. Hol¬ 
land, divinity-profelfor, as one who endeavoured to create 
diffenfion between the church of England and the foreign 
reformed churches ; and, with refpefl to what he had ad¬ 
vanced on the firft, it was alleged, that the greateft part 
of what he had laid was taken out of the works of car¬ 
dinal Bellarmine. This circumftance, notwithftanding 
that it could afford no evidence of his general agreement 
in opinion with the cardinal, contributed, however, to 
ftrengthen the fufpicions which were entertained of him 
by many of the univerfity, that he was ftrongly inclined 
to popery; and, according to Keylin, Dr. Abbot <! fo 
openly branded him for a papift, or at leaft very popilhly 
inclined, that it was made almoft a herefy for any one to 
be feen in his company, and a mifprifion of herefy to give 
him a civil falution as he palled the ftreets.” 
The firft benefice which Mr. Laud obtained, was the 
vicarage of Stanford in Northamptonlhire, into which he 
was inducted in 1607 ; and in the following year he was 
prefented to the advowfon of North Kilworth in Leicef- 
terfhire. In the fummer of that year he proceeded doftor 
of divinity ; and foon afterwards, upon the death of the 
earl of Devonfiiire, he was made chaplain to Richard 
Neile, bifliop of Rochelter. For the fake of being near 
his new patron, in 1609 he exchanged North Kilworth 
for the reCtory of Weft Tilbury in Effex, and in the fol¬ 
lowing year was prefented by the bifliop to the living of 
Cuckftone in Kent. He now refigned his fellowlhip at 
Oxford, and fettled at Cuckftone; but, finding the fitua- 
tion of that place unfavourable to liis health, lie foon af¬ 
terwards exchanged it for Norton, a benefice of lefs va¬ 
lue, but in a better air. In the year 1611, a vacancy 
having taken place in the prefidentfliip of St. John’s col¬ 
lege, in Oxford, Dr. Laud proved the fuccefsful candi¬ 
date for that poll; but not without confiderable oppofi- 
tion. And it is laid, that Dr. Abbot, lately raifed to the 
arcliiepifcopal fee of Canterbury, had employed liis in- 
tereft againlt him with the king; which would have 
proved fatal to liis election, on an appeal made by fome 
of his competitors to his majelly, had not his immoveable 
friend bifliop Neile perfuaded the king to confirm it. 
Upon the recommendation of the fame prelate, he was 
foon afterwards nominated one of his majelty’s chaplains. 
Having thus obtained an appointment at court, he flat¬ 
tered liimfelf with hopes of great and immediate pre¬ 
ferment ; but his expectations were for fome time difap- 
pointed, owing, as he imagined, to the influence of arch- 
bifhop Abbot. At length, after three years fruitlefs wait¬ 
ing, he was upon the point of retiring wholly from the 
court to his college; when his friend bifliop Neile, who 
was now tranllated to the fee of Lincoln, perfuaded him 
to flay one year longer. And in the mean time, to keep 
up his fpirits, the bilhop gave him a prebend in the church 
of Lincoln, in 1614; and, in the following year, the arch¬ 
deaconry of Huntingdon. In 1616, the king prefented 
Dr. Laud to the deanery of Gloucefter ; and at the fame 
time required him to reform and to fet in order what was 
amifs in that cathedral. He therefore haftened to Glou¬ 
cefter, where he found the church in great decay, and 
many things, in his opinion, out of order; particularly 
the communion-table (landing almtift in the middle of the 
choir, contrary to the pofition of it in other cathedral 
churches, and in the king’s chapel. Laud, confidering 
the rectification of this indifferent circumftance to be a, 
matter of great importance, immediately called a chapter 
of the prebends ; and, after laying before them the king’s 
inftruftions, obtained their confent for the (peedy repair 
of the church, and for placing the communion-table at 
the eaft end of the choir, againll the wall. When this 
alteration had been effefted, he recommended, that the 
members 
