LAV 
ytnvy-councll at Hanover, yet had its own particular re¬ 
gency. It now makes a part of the kingdom of Saxony. 
LAU'ENBURG, a town of Germany, fituated on the 
right coa(t of the Elbe, built by Henry the Lion : thirty 
miles fouth-eall of Hamburg, and forty-eight fouth-fouth- 
tveft of Lubeck. Lat. 53. 22. N. Ion. 10. 48. E. 
LAU'ENBURG, a town of Hinder Pomerania, and 
principal town of a lordlhip of the fame name, on the 
Lehe : thirty-fix miles welt of Dantzic, and fifty eaft- 
north-eaft of Polnow. Lat. 54. 32. N. Ion. 17. 42. E. 
LA VENDE'E. See Vende'e. 
LAV'ENDER, y. [/ avendula , Lat.] A plant. See La¬ 
vandula, p. 281.—The whole lavender -plant has a highly 
aromatic fmell and tafte, and is famous as a cephalic, ner¬ 
vous, and uterine, medicine. Hill. 
And then again he turneth to his play. 
To fpoil the plealures of that paradife: 
The wholefome fage, and lavender ftill grey, 
Rank-fmelling rue, and cummin good for eyes. Spen/er. 
LAV'ENDER (Sea). See Statice limonium, and 
Sarracena. 
LAV'ENDER COT'TON. See Santolina. 
LAVEN'DULA. See Lavandula, p. 281. 
LAU'ENFORD, a town of Weltphalia, in the princi¬ 
pality of Calenburg, on the Wefer: fifteen miles north- 
weft of Gottingen. 
LAV'ENHAM or Lan'ham, a market and clothing 
town near Long Melford in Suffolk. The church, fitu¬ 
ated on a rifing ground, is juftly efteemed the fineft fpeci- 
raen of Gothic architecture in the county. It was built 
by the Veres, earls of Oxford, in conjunction with the 
Springes, a rich clothing-family, about the clofe of the 
fifteenth century; and the pews of thel’e families are finifh- 
ed pieces of Gothic work, in wood. The porch, adorned 
with the Vere quarterings, and ereCted by John the four¬ 
teenth earl, before 1529, is an elegant building; as is the 
tower or fteeple, 141 feet high, on which are the arms of 
his predeceffors. The church is 156 feet long, and 68 
wide. The windows and various parts of the church are 
adorned with many coats of arms. It is built chiefly 
with free-ftone, the reft is of flint-work. The ornaments 
are all elegantly cut, and boldly relieved. “Specimens 
of Gothic Ornaments, feleffed from the Parifli-church of 
Lavenham in Suffolk, on forty plates,” were published in 
London, in 4to. in the year 1796. 
Lavenham is fixty-three meafured miles from London, 
from Bury St. Edmunds ten, Clare ten, Sudbury feven, 
and Hadleigh ten; and is very healthfully fituated. On 
the eaft fide of it runs the river Brett, (not navigable,) 
whence the town gradually rifes ; it has nine ftreets or di- 
vifions, and a fpacious market-place, with a (tone crofs in 
the centre. Here is a free-fchool, founded above a hun¬ 
dred years ago; and, in 1786, another fchool was efta- 
bliflied here, called St. Anne’s, where twenty boys are 
clothed, boarded, and educated, until they attain the age 
of fourteen years, when they are put out apprentices. 
Th is fchool is a part of St. Anne’s Society-fchool, Alderf- 
gate, London. There are alfo two Sunday-fchools ; one 
l’upported by perfons belonging to the eftablifhment, the 
other by the diffenters. Lavenham was formerly famous 
for the manufactory of blue cloths ; but yarn from wool 
is now principally made here; fays and calimancoes are 
ftill manufactured, but the latter have greatly declined, 
owing to the prefent faffiion among the ladies of wearing 
Spanifli leather for their (hoes. A manufactory of hempen 
cloth, See. has however been eftablithed, in which a con- 
fiderable number of hands are employed. The market is 
on Tuefday ; and there are two fairs ; one, for butter and 
cheefe, begins OCtober 10, and holds four days ; the other, 
for horfes, is on Shrove Tuefday. The town is governed 
by fix capital burgefles, who are for life, and choofe the 
inferior officers. The tenants of the manor, and the other 
inhabitants, were always exempted from ferving at any 
court held for its hamlet-. They have that fort of land 
LAV £05 
here which is called Borough Englifh, whereby lands and 
tenements defcend to the youngelt fon, or, if the owner 
have no iffue, to the youngelt brother. Lat. 52. 8. N. 
Ion. o. 49. E. 
LAVE'NIA, f. [a genus formed by the late Dr. Solan- 
dvr, and adopted from his manufcripts by profeifor Swartz, 
of the Cotula verbefina and Verbefina lavenia of their 
common preceptor Linnceus. The name is of unknown 
origin, and fufpecled by profeffor Martyn to be vernacu¬ 
lar in Ceylon. It firft appears in the fupplement to Ray’s 
Hiftoria Plantarum, on the authority of Sherard, for the 
fpecics laft-mentioned, for which it was adopted by Lin¬ 
naeus as the trivial name. Forfter named it Adenoftemma, 
conftruCted of aSrni, a gland, and rqqo&a, a crown ; the feed 
being crowned with three glands, inftead of the feather, 
hair, or membrane, appropriated to other genera of this 
family.] In botany, a genus of the clafs fyngenefia, or¬ 
der polygamia-equalis, natural order compofitae-difcoidese, 
(corymbiferte, JuJJ.) The generic characters are—Calyx : 
common ovate, lubimbricate ; fcales ten to fourteen, lan¬ 
ceolate, equal, permanent. Corolla: compound uniform: 
corollets hermaphrodite equal, fifteen to twenty : proper 
funnel-form, dilated at the bafe ; border five-cleft, patu¬ 
lous. Stamina : filaments five, filiform, Ihorter than the 
tube. Antherte oblong, flattifh twin, (lightly connate. 
Piftillum : germ oblong ; ftyle filiform, longer than the 
corollet, two-parted ; ltigmas flattifh, clubbed. Pericar- 
pium none ; calyx permanent, fpreading. Seeds : fub- 
clavate, a little wrinkled, vifcid with glandules; down 
with three awl-fhaped awns, glandulofe at the bafe. Re¬ 
ceptacle naked.— EJfential Charader. Calyx nearly regu¬ 
lar; ftyle bifid ; down three-awned, glaudular at the tip ; 
receptacle naked. 
Species. 1. Lavenia decumbens, or decumbent lavenia: 
ftem Ample, decumbent; leave's fubcordate, bluntly fer¬ 
rate. Annual; native of the inland cool and fhady woods 
of Jamaica. 
2. Lavenia erefta, or ereCt lavenia: ftem branched, 
ereCt; leaves elliptic, fharply ferrate. Native of the Eaft 
Indies and the Society Ifles. 
LAVENSAR', an ifland of Ruffia, in the gulf of Fin¬ 
land : fixty miles weft of Peterfburg. Lat. 59. 54 * N. 
Ion. 27. 50. E. 
LAV'ENSTEIN, or Lcewenstein, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the principality of Culmbach. Near it is a cop¬ 
per-mine : fourteen miles north-weft of Lichtenberg, and 
twelve fouth of Saalfeld. 
LAU'ENSTEIN, a town of Weftphalia, in the princi¬ 
pality of Calenberg : nine miles eaft of Hameln. 
LAU'ENSTEIN, a town of Saxony, in the marggra- 
vate of Meiffen : twenty-one miles fouth-eaft of Freyberg, 
and eighteen fouth of Drefden. Lat. 50.42.N. 13.46.E, 
LAVEN'ZA, a feaport of Italy, in the department of 
the Apennines, wdth a harbour formed at the mouth of a 
fmall river, at the expenfe of the duke of Modena. It is 
feven miles fouth-eaft of Sarzana, and two fouth-weft of 
Carrara. Lat. 44. 3. N. Ion. xo.i.E. 
LA'VER,y [lavoir, Fr. from lave.~\ A waffling-veffels 
Let us. go find the body where it lies 
Soak’d in his enemies’ blood, and from the dream*. 
With lavers pure, and cleanfing herbs, walli off 
The clodded gore. Miltons Agonijles , 
He gave her to his daughters, to imbathe 
In nectar’d layers ftrew’d with afophodii. Milton. 
Yeung Aretus from forth his bridal bow’r 
Brought the full laver o’er their hands to pour. OJvJJey. 
In Scripture-hiftory, a facred utenfil placed in the court 
of the Jewifli tabernacle, confiding of a bafon, whence 
they drew water by cocks, forwafhing the hands and feet 
of the officiating priefts, and alfo the entrails and legs of 
the victims. 
LA'VER, the name of three parifhes, four miles north- 
weit from Chipping Ong^r, iu Eifex, diftinguilhed by the 
appellations 
