403 L A Z 
by the regulations of the eftablilhment, there is a double 
wall round the lazaretto; and at the gate there is a bell 
for calling any perfon within this inclofure; and, by the 
number and other modifications of the ftrokes, every in¬ 
dividual knows when he is called. At Genoa, whither 
Mr. Howard next proceeded, the lazaretto is fituated on 
the fea-(hore, near the city, detached from other build¬ 
ings, and encompalfed by a double wall. Another laza¬ 
retto, belonging to the Genoefe, Hands on a rifing ground 
at Varignano, near the gulf or noble port of Specia. At 
Leghorn there are three lazarettos; one of which is new, 
having been eredied in the year 1778. The lazaretto at 
Naples is very fmall; that at Medina lies on an ifland near 
the city. At Naples there are two kinds of quarantine 
performed ; one by (hips with clean bills of health, and 
the other by fhips with foul bills. The firff, called the 
petty quarantine, lalts eighteen days; and the fhips which 
perform it lie at the entrance of the port near the health- 
office. The other, called the great quarantine, is performed 
at a lazaretto fituated on a peninfula near the city. The 
health-office at Zante is in the city at the water-fide. 
The old lazaretto is diftant about half a mile from the 
oity, and fituated on a rifing ground near the fea. There 
is another, called the new' lazaretto, which is appropriated 
to a numerous body of peafants, who pafs over to the 
Morea to work in harveft-time ; on their return, they 
perform here a feven days’ quarantine - x and other perfons 
perform fourteen days’ quarantine in the old lazaretto. 
The lazaretto at Corfu is finely fituated on a rock fur- 
rounded with water, about a league from the city. The 
lazaretto of the Caltel-Nuovo, in Dalmatia, is on the 
fhore, about two miles from the city ; at the back of it 
there is a delightful hill, which belongs to a convent of 
friars. Perfons in quarantine, after a few days, are al¬ 
lowed to w’alk there, and divert themfelves with (hoot¬ 
ing, &c. 
In order to obtain the moll complete and fatisfaftory 
information by performing the ftriiSlell quarantine, our 
author determined to go to Smyrna, and there to take his 
paffage to Venice in a (hip with a foul bill. He was thus 
enabled to give a particular account of his reception and 
accommodation in the new lazaretto of this city, which 
is chiefly affigned to Turks and foldiers, and the crews 
of thefe fhips which have the plague on-board ; and this 
he thought to be the more neceffiiry, as the rules and ta¬ 
riff’s of the other lazarettos in Europe have been evidently 
formed from thole eftablilhed at Venice. The city of Ve¬ 
nice has two lazarettos, appropriated to the expurgation 
of merchandife fufceptible of infection, coming from fuf- 
pefted parts, and for the accommodation of paflengers 
in performing quarantine ; as alfo for the reception of 
perfons and effects infefted in the unhappy times of pef- 
tilence. The old lazaretto is two miles, and the new 
about five miles, diftant from the city, both on little 
iflands, leparated from all communication, not only by 
broad canals furrounding them, but alfo by high walls ; 
they are of large extent, being about four hundred geo¬ 
metrical paces in circumference. Of thefe Mr. Howard 
has given a particular defeription, with an account of the 
regulations, and mode of government to which they are 
i’ubjecl, ami a plan of the old lazaretto. At Triefte there 
are two lazarettos; one new, but both clean, and a con¬ 
trail to thofe which our author had feen at Venice. Of 
the new one he has given a plan : it is furrounded at the 
diftance of about twenty yards, by a double wall, within 
which are feparate burying places for Roman Catholics, 
Greeks, and Proteftants. Mr. Howard clofes his account 
of the principal lazarettos in Europe, with the outlines 
of a proper lazaretto, and an engraved lketch of a plan for 
its conftruition. He has alio fubjoined, in minute detail, 
various pertinent remarks refpeiting quarantines and la¬ 
zarettos in general; together with obfervations on the- 
importance of a lazaretto in England, in its connexion 
with the advantages which our commerce might derive 
from it, Thefe details are published in his Account of 
the principal Lazarettos in Europe, &c. 1789, <j.to. 
L A Z 
Lazaret TO, a name given to an hofpital-ffiip, which 
is for the reception of the fick, or perfons luppofed to bs 
infe&ious. It is alfo the name of a place parted off at 
the fore-part of the lower deck in fome merchant-lhips, 
for the conveniency of laying up the proviiions, Itores, 
&c. neceffary for the voyage. 
By 39 & 40 Geo. III. c. 80. § 23. it is enafled, that, if 
any found perfon lhall enter any lazaret, he ftiall perform 
quarantine; and, if he lhall return from thence (unlefs 
duly licenfed), or lhall efcape, or attempt to efcape, he 
lhall be guilty of felony without benefit of clergy. See 
Quarantine. 
LAZARETTO, a fmall ifiand in the Mediterranean, 
near the north coaft of the ifland of Candy, formerly ufed 
by the Venetians for the purpofe of a lazaretto, but now 
deferted. It is not far from Canea. 
LAZARETTO VEC'CHIO, a fmall ifland in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of Venice, formerly called St. Maria of Naza¬ 
reth, from a church of the fame name built by Auguf- 
tine hermits in 1249. Since the year 1422, all (hips com¬ 
ing from the Levant are to perform quarantine in this 
ifland, for which purpofe it was in that year provided 
with the neceffary inns, which were rebuilt and enlarged 
in 1565. Here all the Ihips and merchandife are clolely 
infpefted, under the direction of a deputation of the fe- 
nate. 
LAZARE'VA, a town of Ruffia, in the government 
of Irkutlk, on the Lena: thirty-two miles fouth-weft of 
Kirenlk. 
LAZ'ARIM, a town of Portugal, in the province of 
Beira: fix miles fouth-eaft of Lamego, and fifteen welt- 
north-welt of St. Joao da Pefquiera. 
LAZ'ARITES, or Fathers of St. Lazarus, a name 
given to certain regular clerks of a congregation inllituted 
in France, in the leventeenth century, by M. Vincent. 
LAZ'ARUS, [i. e. Eliazar, fignitying in Hebrew the 
help of the Lord.] Brother to Martha and Mary. He 
dwelt with his filters at Bethany near Jerufalem ; and 
JefusChrift fometimes lodged with him when he came to 
that city. While Jefus was beyond Jordan with his apof- 
tles, Lazarus fell fick ; his filters fent information of this 
to our Saviour. Jefus faid. This ficknefs is not unto death, 
but for the glory of God. Two days afterwards, he faid to 
his difciples, that Lazarus was afleep, but that he would 
go and awake him; meaning that he was dead, and that 
he would reftore him to life. Jefus, on his arrival, found, 
that Lazarus had been already four days in the grave. 
Martha, when Ihe had intelligence that Jefus was coming, 
went to meet him, and expoltulated on his "delay. Mary 
alfo came to meet Jefus; who, feeing her weeping, was 
himfelf troubled, and wept alfo. When Jefus was come 
to the grave, he laid, Take away theficne ; and then, having 
returned thanks unto his Father for that he had always 
heard him, he cried with a loud voice Lazarus, come forth! 
Lazarus immediately appeared alive at the mouth of the 
grave in which he had been interred; and this miracle, 
which was wrought almoft at the very gates of Jerufalem, 
made a great noife; and the priefts refolved on the death 
of Jefus. John xi. 
Six days before his laft palfover, Jefus came again to 
Bethany, and Lazarus was one of thole who reclined at 
table with him. The Jews, obferving that the refurrec- 
tion of Lazarus had made a great impreflion on the minds 
of the people, took a refolution to procure the death of both. 
John xii. 10, 11. That part of their wicked defign which 
related to our Saviour they executed ; but feripture does 
not tell us what became of Lazarus. St. Epiphanius fays, 
that there was a tradition of Lazarus being thirty years of 
age when Jefus Chrift raifed him from the dead, and that 
he lived thirty years longer ; To that he died, by this ac¬ 
count, A. D. 63. The Greeks fay, that he died at Ci¬ 
tium, a town in Cyprus, where his fepulchre was to be 
feen near the walls or the city; and that there were churches 
in the fame ifland dedicated to him. The emperor Leo 
the Wife, having built a church in Conftantinople in ho¬ 
nour of St. Lazarus, about the year 890, fent to Cyprus, 
when 
