42(5 LEATH 
fons dealing in leather may buy tanned leather fearched 
in open market; and any perfon may buy or fell leather 
hides or fkins by weight, i W. S 3 M. c. 83. Duties of 
excife are granted on leather, and entries to be made of 
tan-yards; and tanners and leather-dreffers ufing any pri¬ 
vate tan-yards, or concealing Ikins, are liable to penalties. 
9 Ann. c. 11. 5 Geo. I. c. 2. 9 Geo. I. c. 27. Artificers 
may freely buy their leather, and cut it and fell it in fmall 
pieces. 12 Geo. II. c. 23. Penalty on curriers neglefting 
to curry leather. Ibid. By flats. 39 &40 Geo. III. c. 66. 
41 Geo. III. c. 53. regulations are made to prevent the 
fpoiling of hides and leather, by the flaying animals inju- 
dicioully ; and infpeftors appointed to infure the execu¬ 
tion of the law. See the local act, 48 Geo. III. c. 71, for 
London and its environs. The flat. 12 Geo. III. c. 50. 
as amended by 44 Geo. III. c. 85. for encouraging the 
manufacture of leather, by lowering the duty on the im¬ 
portation of oak-bark when the price fhall exceed a cer¬ 
tain rate, is made perpetual by 52 Geo. III. c. 18 ; March 
20, 1812. But, in July 1812, an additional excife of i§d. 
per pound was laid upon leather. The dealers in leather 
are at this time (Feb. 1813) endeavouring to get this a& 
repealed ; they urge that “ it is afcertained that the amount 
of the double tax in the home-diftrift, which includes 
London, Southwark, and all within the bills of mortality, 
was in the firfl quarter greatly deficient ; and that the fe- 
cond quarter, ending the 22c! of December, 1812, is (till 
more fo ; for, inltead of being twice the amount of the 
old duty, as expended, it does not amount to one quarter 
-of that fum above the old tax, for the correlponding 
months in the lafl year; it being, from the diminifhed 
ftate of the trade in the laft quarter, only 4812I. 19s. 7d. 
more than the old duty. The committee therefore be¬ 
lieve, that, when the extra prices government have already 
S aid for leather goods is known, and how greatly the lea- 
ler trade in every part of the kingdom has fuffered from 
the inability of the tanners to purchafe raw hides, and to 
afford their leather at the prefent prices, and from their 
flocks being in confequence confiderably diminifhed fince 
the additional tax took place, the impolicy of continuing 
this tax will be mofl apparent.” 
The value of the leather manufacture was fome years 
ago Hated at 10,500,0001. and, from the ftate of the trade 
of late, and the high price of fkins of molt kinds, it can¬ 
not be fuppofed lefs than that fum at prefent. DeduCl- 
ing 954,5451. for the profits of the capital employed, and 
3,500,000k for the coft of the raw article, there remains 
6,045,455k for the wages of perfonsemployed in this trade, 
which, at 100k per annum for each perfon, makes the 
number employed 60,454. 
LEATH'ER-COAT, /. An apple with a tough rind. 
•—There is a difli of leather-coats for you. Shakefpearc. 
LEATH'ER-DRESSER,/ He who dreffes leather; he 
who manufactures hides for ufe.—He removed to Cumae; 
and by the way was entertained at the houfe of one Ty- 
chius, a leather-drejfer. Pope. 
LEATH'ER-EATER. See Dermestes. 
LEATH'ER-JACKET,/ A fifh of the Pacific Ocean. 
-—Some beautifully-fpotted foies, leather-jackets , See. Cook 
and King's Voyage. 
LEATH'ER-MOUTHED, adj. By a leather-mouthed 
fifh, I mean fuch as have their teeth in their throat; as, 
the chub or cheven. Walton's Angler. 
LEATH'ER-SELLER, f. He who deals in leather. 
LEATH'ER-WOODjy. in botany. See Dirce, vol. v. 
p. 855. 
LEATH'ERHEAD, Surrey, is nineteen miles from 
I.ondon, on the road from London to Brighthelmftone, 
Guildford, Sec. In a field north of the village is a fair, 
held on the 10th of OCtober annually, which is pretty 
large for horfes, pigs, toys, Sec. This place had formerly 
a market. Here is a bridge over the river Mole, which, 
having funk into the earth near Mickleham, at the foot 
«f Box Hill, rifes again near this place, which is plea¬ 
santly fituated on a rifing bank by the fide of the river. 
ERUEAD. 
and has a fine dry champaign country almoft all round 
it. Its bridge is built with bricks, confuting of fourteen 
arches, and received great additions and repairs in the 
year 1783. The church is built in the form of a crofs, 
confifting a chancel, fix aides, vettry-room, and fix bells; 
it was granted to the priory of Ledys, in Kent, by Ro¬ 
bert Crevecoeur, anno 1119, and confirmed by Edward 
III. At the monaftic diflolution it was bellowed on the 
dean and chapter of the cathedral church of Rochefter, 
by Henry VIII. in 1542 ; it is dedicated to St. Mary and 
St. Nicholas. The vicarage is in the gift of the church 
of Rochefter, who are alfo impropriators ; they allow to 
the vicar forty pounds per annum out of the parfonage. 
One mile north-weft from Leatherhead is Randal-houfe, 
the feat of fir John Coghill, hart, fituated on the eaft banks 
of the river Mole, with a pleafant lawn to the fouth-eaft, 
bounded on the weft by the river, which much adds to 
its beauty and the many agreeable objefts that prefent 
themfelves to the view. 
Between the church and the road is a large old houfe (al¬ 
moft concealed from fight by a high wall) called Churcli- 
lioufe, in the occupation of Jofeph Price, efq. On the 
fouth are large gardens, from whence is a moil delightful 
profpect. 
. A gradual defeent continues one furlong on the right 
over the river Mole, where is the feat of Henry Boulton, 
efq. a moll elegant villa, in a charming fituation, having 
the command of the Brighthelmftone road, with a view of 
the river Mole, which runs through the lawn and forms 
beautiful cafcades, with a commanding profpeft of Lea¬ 
therhead church and village. On the fouth fide it has 
the molt pleafing views of the fields leading to Norbury 
Park, Fetcham Windmill, and Fetcham Downs. About 
a mile further is Gibbins Grove, a beautiful houfe and 
gardens, the feat of Richard Boulton, efq. which is fitu¬ 
ated on a pleafing eminence, and commands a pifturefque 
view of Norbury Park. Near this is Thorncroft, the feat 
of Henry Boulton, efq. lord of the manor. At Fetcham, 
mentioned before, is a feat of Mrs. Hankey, on which no 
coft has been fpared. 
Box-hill, between Leatherhead and Dorking, received 
its name from the box-trees planted on the fouth fide of it, 
by the earl of Arundel, in the reign of Charles I. but thd 
north part is covered with yews. Although thefe trees 
were merely planted for ornament, they were lately fold for 
15,000k Thefe groves are interlperfed with a number of 
little green fpots and agreeable walks. From the higheft 
part of this hill, in a clear day, is a profpecl over part of 
Kent and Surrey, and the whole of Suffex, quite to the 
South Downs, near the fea, at the diftance of thirty-fix 
miles. The weft and north views overlook a large part of 
Surrey and Middlefex; and advancing to the place called 
the Quarry, upon the ridge of the hill that runs toward 
Mickleham, the fublime and beautiful unite together in 
forming a delightful feene; we look down, from a vaft and 
almoft perpendicular height, upon a well-cultivated vale, 
laid out in beautiful inclofures,and fee the river Mole wind¬ 
ing clofe to the bottom of the mountain, as if it were di¬ 
rectly under our feet, though it is at a great diftance. In 
this charming valley are Burford Lodge, built by Mr. Ec- 
kerfall, but now the property of George Barclay, efq. and 
the cottage called the Grove, belonging to John Louis 
Goldfmid, efq. Indeed the fpot altogether is charming 
from the wildnefs and variety of its feenery. An eccen¬ 
tric man, an officer in the marines, a few years ago, re- 
quefted to be buried on the fummit of this hill in an creft 
pojlure ; and at his deceafe this Angular requeft was com¬ 
plied with, his coffin having been immured in a perpen¬ 
dicular pofition. Perhaps he took the idea from Leith- 
hill tower, which covers the remains of Mr. Hulk At 
the foot of this beautiful hill is Burford-bridge, where a 
molt commodious and romantic little inn, the Fox and 
Honnds, affords every comfort the rational traveller can 
wiffi for. Here the gallant Nelfon, in company with fir 
William and lady Hamilton, enjoyed feveral days of calm 
3 retirement, 
