L E 
drawing back, he would merely turn his head from fide 
to fide. He had been accuftomed to enjoy a certain de¬ 
gree of liberty; of this they did not with to deprive him 
by (hutting him up in one of the cages of the menagerie : 
he was placed in the laboratory, where dill’edting and 
fluffing animals was carried on. But it was neceflary to 
watch him with great attention: reftlefs, ever in motion, 
he examined, touched, and turned over, every thing 
within his reach. A kind of (helf over the door of the 
laboratory ferved him for a bed ; to which he repaired 
every night after having very prudently prepared himfelf 
for deep by great exercife: he fcarcely ever once omitted 
to employ the laft half-hour of every day in regular leaps: 
this kind of dance finifhed, he repaired to his bed, where 
he immediately fell afleep. He was fed with bread, car¬ 
rots, and fruits, which he loved very much ; he would eat 
eggs alfo ; and at an early age he had acquired a reliffi 
for cooked meat and fpirituous liquors. He was an ani¬ 
mal of the greateft docility, feniible to carefl'es, familiar 
with every body, but more referved in his latter years. 
He was not fond of any perfon in particular ; but jumped 
into the lap, or climbed on the fhoulders, of every body 
who came to vifithim. This is the fpecies which has molt 
frequently been brought to Europe; but we know little 
of their manners in a wild ftate : Flacourt informs us only, 
that they live upon trees, and are found in parties of 
thirty or forty. 
9. Lemur murinus, the murine maucauco : tailed ; ci¬ 
nereous; tail tawny. This maucauco has the head and 
body of an elegant light grey, infide of the ears white, 
orbits rufous, tail far exceeding the body in length, bufhy 
at the end, and of a bright rult-colour; the nails are flat 
and rounded. It is in length about five inches. It in¬ 
habits Madagafcar. 
10. Lemur bicolor, the American maucauco : a large 
white heart-!haped fpot on the forehead between the ears, 
pointing downwards ; face, nofe, body, and fides, almoft 
as low as the belly, black; breaft, fhoulders, legs, and 
reft of the fides, and belly, white ; tail much longer than 
the body, thickeft at the end, and quite black ; limbs 
ftrong, toes long and (lender, nails long, ftraight,and very 
(lender ; its feet are an exception to the genus. It inha¬ 
bits South America. 
11. Lemur laniger, the little maucauco : above reddifh 
yellow, beneath white; tail tawny red ; prehenfile. This 
animal has a rounded head, (harp nofe, and long whifkers; 
two canine teeth in each jaw ; four cutting teeth in the 
upper jaw, fix in the lower, and feven grinders on each 
fide ; the neareft (harp, the more diftant lobated ; the ears 
are large, rou.ndifh, naked, and membranaceous; eyes 
very large and full: the toes are long, but of unequal 
lengths ; the ends are round : the nails are round, and 
very (hort; that of the firft toe is ftraight, (harp, and 
long; the tail hairy, of the length of the body, and is 
prehenfile. The colour of the upper part is cinereous, of 
the lower white, and the fpace round the eyes is dark. 
It is rather lefs than the black rat, and is defcribed from 
a living animal in the poffeffion of Marmaduke Tunltal, 
efq. This feems to be the fame animal, which BufFon 
calls h rat de Madagafcar . It is fu'ppofed to live in the 
palm-trees, and feed on fruits. It eats, holding its food 
in its fore-paws, like fquirrels; it is very lively, and has 
a weak cry ; and, when it deeps, it rolls itfelf up in a 
round pofture. There are two or three fuppofed varieties 
of this fpecies. 
12. Lemur albifrons, the white-headed maucauco : Ge- 
offroy fuppofes this to be a variety of the preceding; but 
it is larger than the mongous; the muzzle is black and 
very long; the ears flefh-colour ; the head and cheeks 
white; the body is greenifh brown ; and the tail, which 
is (tenderer than that of the mongous, is longer than the 
body and head together. Geoffroy faw three perfectly 
alike. 
13. Lemur galago, the galago: this fpecies is defcribed 
by Geoffroy as having but two cutting teeth very far 
M U R. 475 
t 
apart in the upper jaw, and fix in the lower; thefe are di- 
refiied obliquely forwards, but they are thin, and do not 
feem capable of crufliing hard bodies, fuch as the feeds of 
leguminous plants. The upper canine teeth are thick 
and bent, the lower ones lie over the cutting teeth ; the 
grinders next to the canine teeth are fimilar to them in 
form and pofition ; and the upper jaw contains one grin¬ 
der more. From finding but two cutting teeth in the 
upper jaw, Geoffroy was induced to make this a fepafate 
genus by the name of Galago ; which is its common ap¬ 
pellation at Senegal: “ In habits and manners,” fays he, 
“ thefe differ but little from the monkeys and fquirrels ; 
they are very gentle ; are commonly perched on trees, 
and live upon infefts, which they catch with their fore 
paws, and devour with wonderful celerity. They deep 
in hollow trees, where they prepare a bed lined with grafs 
for their young. The negroes of Galam hunt them for 
food.” The galago is fix inches and a half from the muz¬ 
zle to the origin of the tail. The head is round; the ears 
very large, and naked. The arms and fiifgers are fhort,, 
with flat nails; but the legs are very long; the toes how¬ 
ever are fhort in proportion to the length of the tarfus ; 
the toe-nails are fhort and flat, except the fecomi, which 
is long and fubulated, like molt of the maucaucos properly 
fo called. The tail is longer than the body and head. 
The hair in general is long and thick; the lips and fnouc 
are of a pale yellow. The top of the head, round the 
eyes, and the cheeks, are black; the back yellowifh brown ; 
growing lighter on the fides, fhoulders, and thighs ; and 
lighter (till on the arms, legs, neck, breaft, and belly. 
This is reprefented on the Plate, at fig. 2. 
Adanfon fays there are two other fpecies of this genus 
at Senegal; the one larger, as big as a cat ; the other 
fmaller, not much bigger than a moufe. 
14. Lemur volans, the flying maucauco: tailed, and 
furrounded by a membrane formed for flying. This is 
made a feparate genus by Audebert, under the denomina¬ 
tion of Galeopithecus. Travellers have called it flying 
cat, flying fox, flying monkey, &c. but fyftematic au¬ 
thors have hitherto called it the flying maucauco; for, 
notwithftanding it is invefted with a membrane which at 
firft fight might make it pafs for a bat, yet it has more of 
the generic characters of the Lemur than of the Vefperti- 
lio. Audebert, however, has pointed out very exaflly 
the differences between this animal and the maucauco, 
and which have induced him, not without reafon it muff 
be confefled, to create a new genus, which may include 
this and the following, and any other fpecies that maw 
hereafter be dilcovered. In the firft place, the fingers of 
the flying maucauco are not difpofed for laying hold in the 
manner of thofe of the other maucaucos; the thumb has 
not a direction or movement oppofite to the fingers, fo 
neceflary for holding any tiling fecurely; all the fingers 
are united by a membrane, fomewhat like the palmipede 
birds; they are fiat like the blade of a knife; the nails 
are large, flattened in the fame manner, much hooked, 
and very (harp. Thus they can climb trees only by flick¬ 
ing thefe (harp claws into the bark, as the fquirrels do ; 
bur the membrane which covers their limbs even to the 
nails mult prevent them from having the nimblenefs of 
thofe animals. In the next place, they differ with refpeft 
to the teeth. There is feme difficulty, in the upper jaw, 
in diftinguifhing the cutting teeth from the canine; fome 
authors reckon two of each fort; others deferibe this ani¬ 
mal as having four cutting teeth in the upper jaw, and 
no canine teeth at all. In the lower jaw there are fix 
cutting teeth ; the four intermediate ones are directed 
forwards; they are broad, flat, and like a'comb, having 
eight very deep, narrow, parallel, ferratures in each ; the 
lateral ones are feparated from the intermediate ones 
about two thirds of the breadth of one; they are fome¬ 
what thicker, and have each five ferratures not near fo 
deep ; and they are more upright. Another confiderable 
difference is, that the legs are not longer than the arms. 
We have been more particular in the defeription of 
s this- 
