LEO 
three or four indies from each other, the upper much 
clofer; corolla red, the outfide paler and hairy; filaments 
red. Gmelin affirms that it is a mere variety of the pre¬ 
ceding, with much larger flowers, and the upper lip almoft 
equal to the lower. Native of Siberia and China. Mr. 
Miller cultivated it in 1759. Probably intending in the 
eighth edition of his Dictionary to remove thefe plants 
from Cardiacs, under which name the firft, fourth, and 
fifth, ftand in the feventh edition, to Leonurus, he has 
there omitted them wholly. He fays, that the feeds of 
L. Sibiricus were lent him from Venice by the chevalier 
Rathgeb, who received them from Iftria. The two fpe- 
cies, under the name of Leonurus in the eighth edition of 
the Dictionary, belong to the genus Phlomis. 
Propagation and Culture. The two firft fpecies, when 
once planted in a garden, will foon multiply, efpecially if 
the feeds be permitted to fcatter; and the roots will con¬ 
tinue many years. The other three rife.eafily from feeds 
fown in the fpring upon a bed of common earth; and re¬ 
quire no other care, but to keep them clean from weeds, 
and thin them where they are too clofe. In autumn they 
may be tranfplanted where they are defigned to flower 
and feed, and require no farther culture. See Galeopsis 
and Phlomis. 
LEOP'ARD, f. \_leo and par dm, Lat.] A fpotted bead 
of prey. See Felis, vol. vii. p. 296.—A leopard is every 
way, in ftiape and aCfions, like a cat; his head, teeth, 
tongue, feet, claws, tail, all like a cat’s : he boxes with 
his fore-feet, as a cat doth her kittens; leaps at the prey, 
as a cat at a moufe ; and will alfo fpit much after the fame 
manner: fo that they leem to dilfer juft as a kite doth 
from an eagle. Grew, 
Before the king tame leopards led the way, 
And troops of lions innocently play. Dryden. 
LEOP'ARD’s BANE. See Doronicum, vol. v. p. 27, 
LEOP'ARD’s BANE (Mountain). See Arnica, vol. ii. 
p. 206. 
LE'OPOLD, a man’s name. 
LE'OPOLD I. and II. Emperors of Germany. See 
that article, vol. viii. p. 496-501, and 508. 
LE'OPOLD, in geography. See Lemberg, p. 467. 
LE'OPOLDSCHLAG, a town of Auftria: feven miles 
north-north-eaft of Freinftatt. 
LE'OPOLDSTADT, one of the fuburbs of Vienna, on 
the north fide of the Danube, communicating with the 
city by a bridge. It is large and populous. 
LE'OPOLDSTADT, a town of Hungary, on the river 
Waag. It is fortified ; and was built by the emperor Leo¬ 
pold in the year 1665, two years after Neuheufel was taken 
by the Turks: fifty-fix miles eaft of Vienna, and 116 
north-eaft of Gratz. Lat. 48. 28. N. Ion. 17. 54. E. 
LE'OS, a fon of Orpheus, who immolated his three 
daughters for the good of Athens. See Leocorion. 
LEOSTE'NIUS SI'NUS, in ancient geography, a gulf 
of Thrace,.upon the Thracian Bofphorus, towards the 
northern part of the Hermasan promontory. 
LEOS'TFIENES, an Athenian general, who, after Alex¬ 
ander’s death, drove Antipater to Theflaly, where he be- 
fleged him in the town of Lamia. The fuccefs which for 
a while attended his arms was foon changed by a fatal 
blow which he received from a ftone thrown by the be- 
fieged, B. C. 323. The death of Leofthenes was followed 
by a total defeat of the Athenian forces. The funeral 
oration over his body was pronounced at Athens by Hy- 
perides, in the abfence of Demofthenes, who had been 
lately banifhed for taking a bribe from Harpalus. 
■ LEOTAU'D (Vincent), a French Jefuit and able ma¬ 
thematician, was born at Laval-Louyfe, in the diocefe of 
Embrun ; and died in the year 1672. In the year 1654, 
he publiffied, in quarto, Examen CirculiQuadrature, in which 
much learning is employed in endeavouring to prove the 
impoffibility of folving a problem which has engaged the 
ingenuity of mathematicians in all ages without fuccefs. 
In 1660, he publiffied, in Latin, Arithmetical Inftitutions, 
Vol. XII. No. 847, 
LEO 501 
in four books; in 1663, a treatife On Cyclometry, in three 
books; in 1668, a work On Magnetology; and he was 
alfo author of a treatife On the Primum Mobile. Moreri. 
LEO'TIA,yi [perhaps from Aewj, or Aao;, the people, 
or vulgar ; yet it does not appear to be either a common 
genus of fungi, or vulgarly uled as food, like many others. 
Its afpedf indeed is ordinary enough, being that of a 
fmall agaric without gills.] In botany, a genus of the 
clafs cryptogamia, order fungi. Generic effential cha¬ 
racter—Head roundifli, reflexed at the margin and clofely 
embracing the ftalk, bearing feeds in its expofed furface. 
Species. I. Head conical or ovate. 1. Leotia mitrula, 
or mitred leotia: the Helvella cucullata of Batfch, and 
probably the Clavaria ferruginea of Sowerby’s Fun°-j„ 
Found in autumn growing copioufly on decayed leaves 
of Scotch fir. Stalk near an inch high. Head of a pale 
cinnamon colour; white and fpongy within. 
( 3 . L. ftrobilina, a large variety, head more rounded ; 
colour uniform; height an inch and a half. 
y. L. pufilla, a fmall variety, only two or three lines 
long; head dark blue, oval; Item the fame colour, 
whiter at the bottom, very tender. It is feldom feen, on 
account of its minutenefs. 
2. Leotia Ludwigii, or Ludwig’s leotia. This fungus 
varies much in different places and atmofpheres. Stem 
hollow, fometirrfes ffiort and ftraight; fometimes about three 
or four inches long, loofe, nodding, and fomewhat crook¬ 
ed. Colour fometimes white, fometimes reddifh ; either 
uniform in colour, or at the bafe (perhaps from a mixture 
of watery filth) blackilh; the cap is either plaited or 
fmooth, often hollow within ; fliines like gold ; but, when 
it has been long immerfed in water, of a delicate red* 
Cuticle extremely tender; the whole fungus fmooth. It 
is commonly found in marfhes and rivulets, often half 
immerfed in water; moftly perennial. 
II. Head orbicular. 3. Leotia truncorum, or trunk- 
leotia : gregarious, fmall, flefliy; cap hemifpherical, 
fliining; ftem white, fcaly; lcales varying from blue to 
black. This elegant fpecies was added by Albertini. 
Cuticle flefliy, rather tender. Height half an inch ; cap 
two lines broad, one high ; orbicular, above convex, he¬ 
mifpherical, when wet of a dark gold colour, when dry 
of a bright red ; beneath even, white or yellowiffi. Stem 
commonly four lines high, firm, varying from wdiite to 
blue. If gathered when the ftem is withered, the whole 
becomes black. This rare fpecies may be found on pu¬ 
trid moift woody trunks of trees near ffiady rivulets, in 
May and June. Fig. 1 of the annexed engraving exhibits 
this fpecies of the natural fize; b is a vertical fecfion of 
the fame magnified. 
4. Leotia circinans, or encircling leotia: plaits or folds 
running from the upper part of the ftem quite to the 
margin of the cap ; in which it refembles the genus Me- 
rulius. Stem not more than two lines high; fometimes 
moift, fometimes dry. Grows near fliady fir-trees; but is 
a rare fpecies: it is found from Auguft to Oftober, but 
chiefly in the middle of Auguft. 
5. Leotia lubrica, or fiippery leotia: a doubtful fpe¬ 
cies, probably the Helvella gelatinofa of Bulliard. Not 
unfrequent, after much rain, in beech-woods. It is of a 
light greeniffi buff colour, and tender fubftance. Stalk 
two or three inches high, hollow, tumid in the lower 
part; and the cavity is continued into the head, which is 
rounded, depreffed, undulated, and obfcurely lobed, about 
an inch in diameter, compofed as it were of two coats, 
with a hollow fpace between. Albertini & Sckweinitz Con- 
fpeElus Fungorum. 
LEOTYCH'IDES, a king of Sparta, fon of Menares, 
of the family of the Proclidcs. He was fet over the Gre¬ 
cian fleet; and, by his courage and valour, he put an end 
to the Perfian war at the famous battle of Mycale. It is 
laid that he cheered the fpirits of his fellow-foldiers at My¬ 
cale, who were, anxious for their countrymen in Greece, 
by raffing a report that a battle had been fought at Pla¬ 
tan, in which the barbarians had been defeated. This 
6 M fucceeded; 
