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L E P 
fucceeded; and, though the information was falfe, yet a 
battle was fought at Plataea, in which the Greeks obtained 
the victory the lame day that the Perfian fleet was de- 
Itroyed at Mycale. Leotychides was afterwards accufed 
of a capital crime by the ephori ; and, to avoid punilh- 
ment, he fled to the temple of Minerva at Tegea, where 
he periflied, B.C. 469, after a reign of twenty-two 
years. 
LEOTYCH'IDES, a fon of Agis, king of Sparta, by Ti- 
msa. The legitimacy of his birth was difputed by fome; 
and it was generally believed that he was the fon of Al- 
cibiades. He was prevented from afcending the throne of 
Sparta by Lyfander, though Agis had declared him upon 
his death-bed his lawful fon and heir ; and Agefilaus was 
appointed in his place. 
LE'OVILLE, a town of France, in the department of 
the Lower Charente: eight miles north of Montlieu, and 
thirteen fouth-fouth-eaft of Pons. 
LE'OWITZ (Cyprian), a celebrated aftronomer in the 
fixteenth century, was a native of Bohemia, and obtained 
the appointment of mathematician to Otho-Henry, elec¬ 
tor-palatine. He acquired high reputation by his aftro- 
nomical produflions, the principal of which were, 1. Ephe- 
merides ab anno 1556 ad 1606, folio. 2. Expedita ratio 
conftituendi Thematis cseleftis. 3. Loca Stellarum fixa- 
rum, ab anno 2549 ufquead 2029, diligenter annotata, fo¬ 
lio. 4. De Ecliplibus, folio. His fame led Tycho Brahe 
to pay him a vifit in the year 1569, when they had feve- 
ral interefting converfations on aftronomical fubjefts. 
But, with all his fcience, Leowitz was fo weak as to be¬ 
come a dupe to the ftudy of judicial aftrology, and ex- 
pofe himfelf to defeived ridicule, by fpending much of 
his time in calculating nativities, and in predicting future 
events. He ventured to foretel that the emperor Maxi¬ 
milian would certainly become monarch of all Europe, 
and punilh the tyranny of the other princes, which did 
not come to pafs ; and for which he was feverely cenfured 
by Bodin, who pointedly obferves, that he could not 
foretel what did come to pafs a year after this prophecy, 
when fultan Solyman belieged and took Sigeth, thellrongeft: 
place in his empire, in the prefence of the emperor and 
the imperial army, without moleftation. He alfo precifely 
fixed the end of the world at the year 1584; but died at 
Lawingen in Swabia, in 1574. It was not forgotten, 
however, at the approach of that period; but was circu¬ 
lated in the almanacs of aftrological mathematicians 
throughout Chriltendom,and many curates and preachers 
announced it to their congregations. The confequence 
was, that a dreadful alarm prevailed in many places, and 
multitudes were feized with fuch terror, that they re¬ 
ceived the facrament, having firlt fafted and confefled 
their fins. Louis Gyon infinuates, that this terror was 
artfully kept up the priefts, by whofe influence the poor 
ignorant people were led to obferve folemn fafts, month 
after month, and to give a confiderable part of their pro¬ 
perty to the church, in order to procraftinate the time of 
the laft and great judgment. Tei/Jier's Eloges des Hommes 
Savans. 
LEP and LACE, a cuftom in the manor of Writtle, in 
Elfex, that every cart which goes over Greenbury, within 
that manor, (except it be the cart of a nobleman,) fhall 
pay 4d. to the lord. 
LE'PA, f. A meafure which contained the third part 
of two bulhels; whence we derive a feed-leap. Du Cange. 
LEPAN'TO, a feaport town of European Turkey, in 
the province of Livadia. It is fituated in a bay, formerly 
called the Gulf of Corinth, now the Gulf of Lepanto. 
It is fortified, and defended with a caftle, built on an emi¬ 
nence. Being ceded by the emperor to the Venetians, it 
was fortified by them; and, in the year 1475, flood a fiege 
of four months againft the Turks, who loft 30,000 men 
before it. In the year 1498, it was taken by Bajazet; it 
was retaken by the Venetians in 16873 but furrendered 
to the Turks in the year 1699, on the peace of Carlowitz. 
JNear this town Don John of Auftria obtained a celebrated 
LEP 
victory over the Turkifli fleet, in the year 1572. Ths 
produce of the adjacent country is wine, oil, corn, and 
rice. Turkey leather is alfo manufactured here. The 
wine would be exceeding good if they did not pitch their 
veflels on the infide ; but this renders the tafte very difa- 
greeable to thofe who are not accuftomed to it. The 
Turks have fix or feven mofques here, and the Greeks 
two churches. Lat. 38. 34. N. Ion. 22. 13. E. 
LEPAS,/. in helminthology, a genus of gelatinous 
worms. Generic characters—Animal a triton; fliell con¬ 
fiding of many unequal ereCt valves, and fixed at the 
bafe. But the manner in which the fliell is fixed in the 
different fpecies has caufed fome to divide this o-enus 
into two families, (though fuch divifion is not noted by 
Gmelin,) namely, the balani, or acorn-fliells; and the 
anatifera, or barnacles. See the article Helmintho¬ 
logy, vol. ix. p. 355. 
Species. 1. Lepas balanus, the acorn-lhell. Specific 
character, fliell conic, grooved; operculum or lid (harp- 
pointed. Inhabits the European and Mediterranean Seas, 
adhering in the greateft abundance to rocks, (hells, &c. 
generally whitifti; with about fix outer valves, three of 
which are elevated and ftriate, and three excavated and 
fmoother ; the pieces compofing the lid are finely crenate 
with tranfverfe wrinkles, two lefs, and two larger and 
pointed. 
2. Lepas balanoides, the fmaller acorn: fliell conic, 
truncate, fmooth ; operculum or lid obtufe. Inhabits 
the European, American, and Indian, Seas, on rocks, 
(tones, (hells, Sic. Lefs than the preceding; whitilh, cine¬ 
reous, or variegated. 
3. Lepas intertexta, the imbricated acorn: fomewhat 
deprefled; valves imbricate and obliquely ftriate. Inha¬ 
bits the Britifli coafts, adhering to oyfters, &c. 
4. Lepas Cornubienfis, the Cornifh acorn : (hell with a 
dilated bafe and rather narrow aperture: valves grooved 
near the lower edges. Inhabits the coaft of Cornwall ; 
refembles a limpet. 
5. Lepas fintinnabulum, the bell-acorn: (hell conic, 
obtufe, bell-fliaped, rugged and fixed. Inhabits"the Eu¬ 
ropean, Indian, and American, Seas, and is frequently 
found adhering to the bottoms of (hips and pieces of 
wreck; fliell purple, varied with white and red, or hlu- 
i(h ; fometimes cylindrical, or a little thicker; the ele¬ 
vated valves are perpendicularly ftriate, the deprefled ones 
tranfverlely; pieces of the lid nearly equal. 
6. Lepas diadema, the crown-acorn : fliell roundith, 
fix-lobed ; the valves grooved longitudinally. This fpe¬ 
cies is (hown on the Conchology Plate XVI. fig. 5* 
vol. v. p. 35. The fame engraving contains feveral other 
fpecies of this genus. The diadema inhabits the Euro¬ 
pean and Indian feas. Colour dirty white, nearly an inch 
high, narrower on the upper part, the upper aperture 
funnel-lhaped, and about half the width of the other part 
of the (hell; valves twelve, triangular, fix of which are 
excavated or deeper than the others, and marked with 
fine tranfverfe Arise ; the other fix are elevated, and confift 
of four, five, or fix, prominent ridges placed clofe to each 
other, and tranfverfely marked with crenate Arise. 
7. Lepas balsenaris, the whale-acorn: (hell fubconic, 
with fix elevated wrinkled four-parted lobes; the lid 
membranaceous and two-toothed. Found adhering to 
the pedtoral wrinkles and fins of the Balsena boops, or 
pike-headed whale. It is about fifteen lines high and 
ten broad at the bafe; thick, lamellous, and a little nar¬ 
rower at the top ; above truncate and very obtufe; the 
mouth clofed with a lax yellowilh membrane; valves 
twelve, triangular, fix of which are elevated, nearly equal, 
marked with tranfverfe wrinkled granulations, and fur¬ 
rowed with three longitudinal four-parted grooves; fix 
are lower and marked with fine tranfverfe ftriae. Thefe 
two laft fo nearly refemble each other, that they might 
without much impropriety conftitute one fpecies. 
■8. Lepas coftata, the ribbed acorn : fliell fomewhat co¬ 
nic, with equidiftant ribs divergent from the aperture; 
iid 
