t, E ¥ 
tlist have been fo long in the ground of another, that 
they have lain down and are rifen again to feed. When 
the cattle of a ftranger are come into another man’s 
ground, and have been there a good fpace of time, (fup- 
pofed to be a day and a night,) they are faid to be levant 
and couchant. Terms de Ley. 
LEVAN'TINE, adj. [from Levant .] Belonging to the 
Levant, coming from the Levant. 
LEVAN'TINE VAL'LEY, or Valle Leventina, a 
valley of Helvetia, fubjecl to the canton of Uri, and 
fituated Couth of St. Gothard, watered by the Tefmo, and 
inhabited chiefly by Italians. It is fitppofed to retain, by 
its name, traces of the Lepontii, the ancient inhabitants 
of the furrounding regions. Its length, from the fummit 
of the paffage on the St. Gothard, is about eight leagues; 
breadth very inconfiderable. The lower part is extremely 
populous, rich in pafturage, and produces much hemp 
and flax. In the vicinity of the lofty mountains adjacent 
to it, the climate is various, and the country fubjedt to 
much rain. To prevent the rain from damaging the 
crops, the inhabitants fufpend and dry the corn and grafs, 
on bars fupported by two high poles about fifteen feet 
afunder. The houfes are entirely of wood, and exter¬ 
nally appear like Swifs cottages ; but a neglect of cleanli- 
nefs proves the vicinity and greater fimilarity to the Ita¬ 
lians.. The Tefino is here joined by the Bromio, a tor¬ 
rent which takes its rife in Mount Uccello, or the Vogelf- 
berg, near Splagen ; a bridge over it is the boundary of 
the two bailliages of the valleys Levantine and Polefe, 
and leads into that of Riviere. The valley now becomes 
perfectly flat, and of courfe fubjecl to violent inundations; 
the few villages are fcattered on the fides of the deep 
mountains ; all below is defolate. Offogne, the refldence 
of the bailiff, confilts only of a few houfes. 
LEVAN'TO, a town of the Ligurian republic, on the 
ceafl of the Mediterranean: fix miles fouth of Brugnetto, 
and eight welt of Spezza. 
LEVAN'ZO, a fmall ifland in the Mediterranean, near 
the weft coalt of Sicily, about nine miles weft of Trapani. 
Lat. 38.5.N. Ion. 24. E. 
LEVA'RI FA'CIAS. See the article Execution, vol. 
vii. p. 107. 
LEVAR'LOW, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of 
Lublin : forty miles fouth-fouth-w&lt of Lublin. 
LEVASCHE'VA, a town of Ruflia, in the government 
of Olonetz, on the weft coalt of the lake Latcha : flxteen 
miles fouth-fouth-wefl of Kargapol. 
LEVA'TA, a defer: country of Africa, between Egypt 
and Berdoa. 
LEVA'TOR, f. [Latin.] A chirurgical inflrument, 
whereby deprefled parts of the flcull are lifted up.—Some 
furgeons bring out the bone in the bore ; but it will be 
fafer to raife it up with your/eaafcr, when it is but lightly 
retained in fome part. Wife man's Surgery. —In anatomy, a 
name given to various mufcles, which have the effect of 
drawing parts upwards, or elongating them. 
LEU'BITZ, a town of Hungary : eight miles fouth of 
Podolicz. 
LEU'BUS, a town of the duchy of Silefia, in the prin¬ 
cipality of Wohlau, on the Oder, near which is a cele¬ 
brated Ciltertian abbey, founded in the beginning of the 
eleventh century : eight miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Steinau, 
and nine fouth-weft of Wohlau. 
LEU'CA, f. A meafure of land, confiding of 1500 
paces. Ingulphus fays, it is aooo paces. In the Monaf- 
ticon, it is 480 perches. 
LEU'CA, in ancient geography, a fmall town of Italy, 
in the country of the Salentins, and in the vicinity of the 
Japygian promontory. Strabo. —A town of Afia Minor, 
on the confines of Ionia and ZEolia. Pomponius Mela 
places it near Phocaea, in the gulf of Smyrna; Pliny 
places it near Phocaea, on a promontory which was for¬ 
merly an idand; and Diodorus Siculus fays, it was fituated 
between Cumae and Clazomenas. 
LEyCADEhj'pPvON, J. in bptijjiy. See Protea, 
LEU 547 
LEUCA'DIA, [from Aavxo;, Gr. white, on account of 
the whitenefs of the rocks.) In ancient geography, an 
idand, or rather a peninfula which was attached to Epirus 
by a ftrait iflhmus about one hundred paces long and fix 
hundred broad. Upon it was fituated the town of Leucas, 
on the fummit of a mountain towards the north-ealt. 
Homer places here three towns, viz. Neriton, Crocylea, 
and Agylipa. On the fcile of the fil'd of thefe towns 
the Corinthians built that already mentioned ; Leucas is 
now an ifland, the iflhmus having been feparated from 
the continent by manual labour foon after the Peloponne- 
fian war. See St. Maura, one of the Seven Iflands. 
On the promontory, which was called Leucas, Lcucala, 
or Leucatc, flood a temple of Apoilo, thence lurnamed 
Leucadius. At his feflival, which was annually celebrated 
there, the people were accultomed to offer an expiatory 
facrifice to the god, and to avert on the head of the vic¬ 
tim all the calamities with which they might be threatened. 
For this purpofe, they made choice of a criminal con¬ 
demned to die ; and, leading him to the brink of the 
promontory, precipitated him into the lea amidft the loud 
fliouts of the fpedtators. The criminal, however, leldom 
perifhed in the W 3 ter; for it was the cultom to cover him 
with feathers, and to falten birds to his body, which by 
fpreading their wings might lerve to break his fall. No 
fooner did he touch the fea, than a number of boats lta- 
tioned for the purpofe came to his alliltance, and drew 
him out; and, after being thus faved, he was banifhed 
for ever from the territory of Leucadia. 
According to ancient authors, a (trange opinion con¬ 
cerning this promontory prevailed for fome time among 
the Greeks. They imagined that the leap of Leucata. 
was a potent remedy againlt the violence of lave. Hence 
difappointecl or defpairing lovers, it is laid, were often 
known to have come to Leucadia 5 and, having afeended 
the promontory, offered facrinces in the temple, and en¬ 
gaged by a formal vow to perform the defperate a£t» 
they voluntarily precipitated themfelves into the fea. 
Some are reported to have recovered from the effects of 
the fall; and among others mention is made of a citizen 
of Buthroton in Epirus, whole paflions always taking fire 
at new objects, he four times had recourfe to the fame 
remedy, and always with the fame fuccefs. As thofe who 
made the trial, however, f'eldom took any precaution to 
render their fall lef's rapid, they were generally deftroyedj 
and women often fell victims to this aCt of delperation. 
At Leucata was fhown the tomb of Artemifia, that cele¬ 
brated queen of Caria who gave fo many proofs of cou¬ 
rage at the battle of Salamis. Inflamed with a violent 
pailion for a young man who inflexibly refilled her love, 
(he lurprifed him in his fleep, and put out his eyes. Re¬ 
gret and defpair foon brought her to Leucata, where (lie 
perifhed in the waves notwithllanding every effort to fave 
her. Such likewife was the end of the unhappy Sappho c 
forfaken by her lover Phaon, fhe came hither to leek re¬ 
lief from her bufferings, and found her death. 
LEUCANTHE'MUM. See Chrysanthemum an<£ 
Osmites. 
LEUCA'RUM, in ancient geography, a place of Great 
Britain, on the route from Caleva to Urioconium, accord¬ 
ing to the Itinerary of Antonine. It lies between Scaduni 
Nunniorum and Bomium; and is fuppofed to be neat’ 
Glaftonbury. 
LEU'CAS,^ in botany. See Dryas and Nepeta. 
LEUCA/SIA, in ancient geography, an ifland of the 
Tyrrhenian fea, upon the weftern coalt of Italy, in the 
gulf of Pseltum, according to Strabo and Mela. 
LEUCAS'PIS, a port of Africa, in the gulf of Libya. 
Ptolemy. 
LEUCAS'PIS, a man’s name; a companion of Eneas. 
LEUCA'TA, in ancient geography, a promontory o£ 
Gaul, in the Mediterranean ; now called Cap de la FranquL 
LEUCA'TA, f. A fpace of ground, as much as a mile 
contains; and fo it feems to be ufed in a charter of Wil¬ 
liam the Conqueror to Battle-abbey-. CywlL 
LEUCA'TASi 
