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doubt was brave; yet (till more noble was the conduct of 
one of the earl’s f'ucceffors, earl of Surrey and lord of 
Lewes, beheaded in the reign of Richard II. others, who 
were engaged with him in an oppolition to that unworthy 
prince, laved themfelves by meannefs and falfehood ; this 
nobleman, however, preferved his integrity while he loft 
his life. 
This town is alfo famous in hiftory for a bloody battle 
fought here between Henry III. and the barons, on the 
14th of May, 1264. See the article England, vol. vi. 
p. 584. As fome labourers were at work in removing 
mould and rubbifh, preparatory to the opening a new 
chalk-pit under Landport Shaw, near Lewes, in the year 
1805, they found, about four feet below the furface of 
the ground, lying fide by fide, in the direction that bodies 
are ufually interred, two human Ikeletons. It was evi¬ 
dent, from the appearance and rottennefs of the bones, 
that they had lain buried many centuries ; and it is con¬ 
jectured that they were the remains of two of the fugi¬ 
tive Londoners, who, at the great battle of Lewes, fought 
near that fpot, fled from the royal army, and in their flight 
on that memorable day were drowned in the adjoining 
brooks, and afterwards buried in the place above men¬ 
tioned. 
Lewes is built on the margin of the South Downs, and 
on the banks of the river Oul'e, which is navigable for 
barges from the harbour at Newhaven to many miles up 
the country beyond the bridge. On this river are feveral 
Iron-works, where cannon are call for merchant-lliips, be- 
fides other ufeful works of that kind. The caftle, which 
flourilhed under the Saxons, commands a molt delightful 
profippet of the fea and the weald. The town was for¬ 
merly inclofed with very thick high walls, parts and frag¬ 
ments of which are ftill to be feen at both the north and 
iouth fides of it. It is a pleafant town, and one of the 
largeft and moft populous in the county. It ftands in an 
open champaign country, jit has handfome lfreets, and 
two fair fuburbs. A charity-fchool was opened here in 
1711, where twenty boys are taught, clothed, and main¬ 
tained, at the expenfe of a private gentleman, by whom 
they were alfo furniflied with books ; and eight boys 
more are taught here at the expenfe of other gentle¬ 
men. A fchool on the Lancafterian plan was opened in 
j8io; not lefs than three hundred children are educated 
by this means. Here are horfe-races, altnoft every fum- 
mer, for the king’s plate of one hundred pounds. The 
roads here are deep and dirty ; but then it is the richeft 
foil in this part of England. Lewes had originally twelve 
parifh-churches, but of which there are now only feven ; 
of which St. Thomas’s in the Cliffe is a peculiar belong¬ 
ing to the archbifhop of Canterbury, and is reckoned one 
of the neateft in the whole county : its altar is remark¬ 
ably pretty ; it has two pillars in the middle, between 
which are the ten commandments, and two pilafters on 
the outfide, all of the Doric order, with architrave, cor¬ 
nice, and frize, neatly carved and gilt ; and between the 
pillar and pilafter on the north fide the Lord’s Prayer, 
and on the fouth fide, between the other pillar and pilaf¬ 
ter, the Creed. There are alfo feven meeting-houles. 
The market is on Saturday ; fairs, May 6, Whit-Tuefday, 
and October 6. 
From a windmill near this town there is a profpeft which 
is hardly to be matched in Europe : it takes in the fea for 
thirty miles welt, and an uninterrupted view of Banfted- 
downs, which is full forty miles. Between this town and 
the fea there is the belt winter-game that can be lor a 
gun, and feveral gentlemen here keep packs of dogs ; but 
the hills hereabouts are fo fteep, that it is extremely dan- 
gtrous to follow them, though their horfes will naturally 
run down a precipice fafely with a bold and Ikilful rider. 
On the eaft fide of this town there has been a camp ; and 
it had formerly a wall, of which few remains are now to 
be feen. The timber of this part of the county is prodi- 
gioufiy large. The trees are fometimes drawn to Maid¬ 
stone, and other places on the Medway, on a fort of car- 
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riage called a tug, drawn by twenty-two oxen a little way, 
and then left there for other tugs to carry it on ; fo that 
a tree is fometimes two or three years drawing to Chatham ; 
becaufe, after the rain is once let in, it ftirs no more that 
year, and fometimes a whole lummer is not dry enough 
to make the roads paflable.—North-weft of Lewes is the 
village of Hurft Pierrepoint, which has a fair on the 10th 
of Auguft.—Twineham and Sharmanbury are two other 
little villages near the above. 
LEW'ES, a feaport town of United America, in the 
ftate of Delaware, fituated on the weft coaft of Chefapeak 
bay,a few miles above the light on Cape Henlopen : twenty- 
eight miles fouth-fouth-ealt of Dover. Lat. 38.46. N. 
Ion. 75. 17. W. 
LEW'ES, a town of Virginia : twenty-three miles eaft 
of Weft Point.—Another town of Virginia, thirty miles 
weft-north-weft of Richmond. 
LEW'ESTEIN, a town of Pruflia: fixteen miles north- 
welt of Raftenburg. 
LEW'IN, a town of Silefia, in the principality of Glatz: 
fifteen miles weft of Glatz. Lat. 50.14. N. Ion. 16. 4. E. 
LEW'ING,yi in metallurgy, the lifting of the ores of 
metals in water. This is done in fine fieves moved back¬ 
ward and forward under water; and is the method of fe- 
parating the finer part of the ores which had fubfided 
among the larger lumps, under that part of it feparated 
for ule in the various walhings. The coarfer matter, left 
in the lieve, is powdered again with the larger mafTes, and 
all thus lifted together for the blowing-houfe. 
LEW'IS, an illand, or rather peninlula, among the weft- 
ernifiands of Scotland, forming, with Harris, a large illand, 
near fixty miles in length. Lewis, which is the northern 
part, is forty miles in length from north-eaft to fouth- 
weft, and about thirteen in its mean breadth. It is on 
every part of its coaft greatly indented with bays or lochs. 
The country is in general wild, bleak, barren of wood, 
and little fitted for cultivation ; the hills are covered with 
heath, which affords lhelter for various forts of game. 
The lakes and ftreams abound with falmon, large red trout, 
and other fifh. The only town in Lewis is Stornaway, 
fituated on the eaft fide of the north divifion of the ifland. 
To the weft of Lewis and Harris, the coaft is annually vi- 
fited by myriads of herrings. So immenfe are the flioais 
of dog-fifli (Squalus canicula) that purfue the herrings, 
that their dorfal fins are fometimes feen like a thick bulk 
of fedges above water, as far as the eye can reach. From 
the liver of the dog-fifli a confiderable quantity of oil is 
extracted. In the ieafon, thefe fhores are the refort of 
many fifhing-Veflels from different parts. Many of the 
inhabitants here, as well as in the northern illes, live 
chiefly by fifhing, and a pitiful kind of agriculture. The 
foil is a light fand, which the inhabitants manure with 
foot and fea-ware; but great part of the ifland is covered 
with heath. The labouring people dig the land with 
fpades, and break the clods with fmall harrows, the fore- 
molt teeth of which are made of wood, and the remainder 
of rough heath, which fmooths what the others have 
broken ; and this harrow is drawn by one man, having a 
Itrong trace of horle-hair acrofs his breaft. Of their corn 
they not only make malt for ale, but likewife a (trong fpi- 
rit called trejlareg, which is the whilky, or ufquebaugh, 
three times diftilied. 
Along this coaft we fee feveral natural mounts, or forts, 
called Duns ; fuch as Dun-rowly, Dun-coradel, and Dun- 
eiften. There are alfo the remains of fome old caftles, and 
other monuments of antiquity. At Stornaway are the ruins 
of a fort refs deltroyed by the Engliih gafrifon fent thither 
by Oliver Cromwell. To the northward of Brago there 
is a round tower built of large ltones, three ftories high, 
tapering towards the top, with a double wall, and a circu¬ 
lar ftaircafe between, by which one may go quite round 
the building. On the heaths and fummits of hills there 
are feveral cairns, or heaps of ftones, which ferved either for 
graves or beacons. In the parifh of JBarvas we fee a An¬ 
gle ftone called the thrujhd, handing upright, above twenty 
3 n feet 
