611 
L I C 
they fometimes difcover parts of her dxflc which are not 
difcovered at other times. Thefe kinds are called, the one 
a lihration in longitude, and the other a libration in lati¬ 
tude. Befide%this, there is a third kind, which they call 
an apparent libration, and which con fills in this, that when 
the moon is at her greateft elongation from the fouth, her 
axis being then almolt perpendicular to the plane of the 
ecliptic, the fun mult enlighten towards the north pole of 
the moon fome parts which he did not before, and that, 
on the contrary, fome parts of thofe which he enlightened 
towards the oppolite pole areobfcured ; and this produces 
the fame effeft which the libration in latitude does. Di£i. 
Trev .— Thofe planets which move upon their axis, do not 
all make entire revolutions; for the moon maketh only a 
kind of libration, or a reciprocated motion on her own axis. 
Grew. —See the article Astronomy, vol. ii. 
LI'BRATORY, adj. Balancing; playing like a balance. 
LIB'SHAUSEN, a town of Bohemia, in Leitmeritz : 
fifteen miles fouth-weft of Leitmeritz. 
LI'BUN, a town of Bohemia, in Boleflaw : fixteen miles 
north-call of Jung Buntzel. 
LIBUR'NIA, now Croatia, a country of Illyricuin, 
between Iftria and Dalmatia, whence a colony came to 
fettle in Apulia in Italy. There were at Rome a number 
of men whom the magiftrates employed as public, heralds, 
who were called Liburni, probably from being originally 
of Liburnian extraction. 
Liburna, or liburnica, (Horace,) denoted a kind of light 
and fwift Ikiff, ufed by the Liburnians in their fea-roving 
or piracies, for which they were noted. Liburnum (Juve¬ 
nal) was a fpecies of litter made in form of Liburnian 
fkiffs, wherein the noblemen of Rome were carried, and 
where they fat at their eafe, either reading or writing. 
LIBUR'NUS, in ancient geography, a mountain of Cam¬ 
pania.—Alfo a port of Tufcany, now Livonia or Leghorn. 
Eat. 43. 50. N. Ion. 11. E. 
LIBYA, in fabulous hiltory, a daughter of Epaphus 
and Cafliopea, who became mother of Agenor and Belus 
by Neptune. 
LIBYA, in general, according to the Greeks, denoted 
Africa. An appellation derived from lub, “ thirft,” being 
a dry and thirfty country. See Africa. 
Libya, in a more refrained fenfe, was the middle part 
of Africa, extending north and well, (Pliny,) between 
the Mediterranean to the north, and Ethiopia to the eall; 
and was twofold; the Hither or Exterior Libya, and the 
Farther or Interior. The former lay between the Mediter¬ 
ranean on the north, and the Farther Libya and Ethio¬ 
pia beyond Egypt on the fouth. The Farther or Interior 
Libya was a vail country, lying between the Hither Libya 
on the north, the Atlantic ocean on the welt, the Ethio- 
pic on the fouth, and Ethiopia beyond Egypt on the eall. 
Ptolemy. 
Libya, in a fill more refrained fenfe, called, fordifinc- 
tion’s fake, Libya Propria, was a northern dillrict of Af¬ 
rica, and a part of the Hither Libya; fituated between 
Egypt to the eaf, the Mediterranean to the north, the 
Syrtis Major and the Regio Tripolitana to the well, the 
Garamantes and Ethiopia beyond Egypt to the fouth. 
Now the kingdom and defert of Barca. This Libya was 
again fubdivided into Libya taken in the flriflef fenfe of 
all, and into Marmarica and Cyrenaica. Libya in the 
ltriCleft fenfe, otherwife the Exterior, was the molt eafern 
part of Libya Propria, next to Egypt, with-Marmarica on 
the weft, the Mediterranean .on the north, and the Nubi, 
now called Nubia, to the fouth. Ptolemy. 
LIBYAN, adj. [from Libya.'] Belonging to Libya, pro¬ 
duced in Libya. 
LIBYAN,/! An inhabitant of Libya, a native of Libya. 
LIBYS'SA, a river of Bithynia, with a town of the 
fame name, where was the tomb of Hannibal fill extant in 
the age of Pliny. 
LICARA'BRA, a river of Spain, in the province of 
Guipufcoa, which runs into the Orio a little above Tolofa. 
LICA'VO, a town of the iiisnd of Corfica; twenty 
sniles eaf of Ajazzo. 
L I C 
LICE, the plural of loufe; 
Red blifters rifing on their paps appear, 
And flaming carbuncles, and noilome fweat, 
And clammy dews, that loathfome lice beget; 
Till the How creeping evil eats his way. Dryd. Vir. 
LICE'A, f. in botany, a genus of the clafs cryptoga- 
mia, order fungi, the fpecies of which have been, fome of 
them, referred to Trichia, Sphierocarpus, (not the true 
Sphrerocarpus of Micheli, which belongs to the order of 
algae) and Didymium. Its generic elfential character is 
thus given by Perfoon—Peridium (or cafe) naked, 
roundilh, or fomewhat indeterminate in fliape, brittle ; in¬ 
ternal membrane wanting; feminal powder deftitute of 
fibres. The fpecies he enumerates are five, all very mi¬ 
nute productions, fcarcely bigger than pins’ heads, found 
chiefly on rotten wood of the fir kind. 
Species. 1. Licea bicolor : peridium rather dotted with 
fpecks than furrowed with wrinkles ; fcabrous, neat, dark, 
with a tint of green ; general colour inky, or blue-black; 
filaments rare, and ifolated ; the inner peridium, which 
contains a colourlefs pollen, could not be difcovered. 
There are two varieties: the one maybe found, either 
difperfed or aggregated, on white-waflied mud walls ; and 
is called calcicola .. The other variety, lignatilis, differs but 
little from the firff : it riles a little higher, has hemifphe- 
rical peridia, of a dark chefnut colour, or nearly black ; 
and is found on rotten wood. In other rel’pects, both va¬ 
rieties are fo alike, chiefly for the nature and colour of 
their dull, that it is impoffible to feparate them. This 
lad was found but once, and in great quantity, and both 
difperfed and aggregate, upon timber made of fir-tree. 
Both varieties flourifh in the middle of June. 
2. Licea circumfciffa. Of this we have alfo two va¬ 
rieties ; that of the poplar, and that of the fir. The firfl: 
has larger peridia, and is of a deeper hue : it is to be found 
on the bark and wood of the Populus tremulus, or afpen ; 
at the end of autumn, in winter, and in fpring. The va¬ 
riety which inhabits the fir has the peridium dark brown, 
with a llrong membrane femi-tranfparent and yellowifli ; 
and therefore rejeCts the generic character, of having no 
internal membrane. Time, September. 
3. Licea pufilla : the peridium turns from deep yellow 
to brown, and then affumes a beautiful chefnut-colour; 
in like manner the pollen of a dulky colour turns to black, 
exhibiting the different lhades which we remark in l’eve- 
ral forts of lnuff. It grows on the rotten wood of the 
pine-tree ; and is found in April, May, and June. 
4. Licea variabilis : various in figure and colour, red- 
dilh-browti ; the powder dirty yellow 
5. Licea flexuofa, is defcribed by Perfoon as creeping 
or oblong, Alining red brown, fomewhat wavy, with faw- 
like incilions. Thefe two laft are found on fir-wood. 
Albertini and Schweiniz, in their ConfpeCius Fungo- 
rum, have defcribed two new fpecies. 
6. Licea llrobilina : clofe, aggregate, oblong, regular, 
and fomewhat round; peridia dulky, between fawn and 
tawny, cut around ; powder, dirty yellow. The peridia of 
this fpecies inhabit fmall cells cut in wood, and clofe to 
each other ; they are numerous, tallilh, regular, heinif- 
pherical, and flattilh at top. Their bark uncommonly 
hard, and tough ; darkening from fawn-colour to brown 9 
opaque, fiEboth, and cleft. It often appears as if cut 
round ; fometimes the top opens unequally: it contains a 
farinaceous dull, fomewhat compact and coarfe, with hardly 
any filaments, of a dirty-yellow hue, yet at times whitilh. 
It differs from the Licea circumfciffa by being twice or 
three times as large; by its colour, chiefly that of the pow¬ 
der ; and by inhabiting clofer cells, &c. and from L. va- 
riabilis by the regularity of its.form, by its Ample and ro- 
bult peridium, by its different place of growth, See. hav¬ 
ing chofen a Ate to which it generally moll pertinacioufly 
adheres, namely, the old half-putrid cones of the Pinus 
picea, or Alver fir, where they neltle in great number, 
dwelling and dividing by their prefence the fquamous fol-' 
Ikies of the fruit. It is found in autumn and fpring. 
This 
