L I L I U M. 
Bert Squibb, at the clofe of the year 17S7, informs us, 
that it varies confiderably in the breadth of its petals, 
in their colour and fpots; and that it flowers ufualiy in 
July and Auguft. 
4. Lilium bulbiferum, bulb-bearing or orange lily : 
leaves fcattered, corollas bell-fhaped, ere<St, rugged within. 
Bulb fubovate, confiding of thick, white, looiely-imbri- 
cate, fcalss, putting out a few thick fibres from the. bot¬ 
tom. Stem uprighr, a foot and half high, filiated angu¬ 
lar, fmooth or flightly hairy, with numerous fcattered 
leaves, the upper ones fpreading out horizontally, acute, 
quite entire, obfoletely hirfute, a little rough to the touch, 
dark green, flightly nerved, fefiile, lanceolate-linear, three 
or four inches long ; each, excepting the lower, frequently 
producing a roundifh fhining pale-green bulb or two in 
the axil. Flower without fcent, red-orange within, pale- 
orange on the outfide; all the petals from the bafe to be¬ 
yond" the middle are nigged with little fcales and apo- 
phyfes, with a few black dots ; the border is fpreading, 
but not rolled back; three alternate ones are a little more 
exterior, lanceolate, narrower, almoft equally drawn to a 
point at both ends, the nedtareous tubular floccofe line 
occupying the whole lower part 5 the other three, from a 
channelled claw unfold into a broad-ovate lamina, and 
have the groove of the neftary continued to the very top. 
Filaments red. Anthers dark purple. Style red. Cap- 
l'ule ovate, with brownilh feeds. 
Such is the defcription of the orange-lily, as it is found 
wild in Auflria, and reprefented on the Botany Plate 
III. fig. 2,4. It grows in Italy and other foUthern regions 
of Europe; in Siberia alfo and Japan. It varies much in 
fize, leaves, and flowers. Mr. Miller mentions the fol¬ 
lowing varieties. 1. Orange-lily with double flowers, ( 3 . 
■z. Orange lily with variegated leaves. 3. Smaller orange 
lily, y. 4. Bulb-bearing fiery lily, e, £. feldom riling 
more than half the height of the others; the leaves nar¬ 
rower - r the flowers fmaller, and of a brighter flame-colour, 
few in number, and more ereft. They come out a month 
before thofe of the common fort; and the flalks put out 
bulbs at molt of the axils, which, if taken off when the 
fialks decay, and planted, will produce plants. There are 
feveral fubordinate varieties of this: as x. The great 
broad-leaved, e. 2. The many-flowered. 3. The Imall," 
«. 4. The hoary bulb-bearing lily, 9 . 
5. Lilium potnponium, or pomponian lily: leaves fcat¬ 
tered, awl-fliaped ; flowers turned back, corollas rolled 
back. This has a pretty large yellow lcaly root, from 
which arifes an upright (talk near three feet high, with 
long narrow leaves, almoft triangular, having a longitudi¬ 
nal ridge on their under fide; they are deep green, and 
terminate in acute points. The upper part of the ftalk 
divides into four or five peduncles, each fuftaining a (in¬ 
gle flower of a fine carmine colour, with a few dark lpots 
(tattered over it. They appear in July; and, when the 
fieafon is not hot, they continue a confiderable time in 
beauty. Linnaeus diltinguiflies this fpecies by its linear, 
iharp, three-fided, channelled leaves, and the chink of the 
nettary being very much toothed. But Thunberg re¬ 
marks, that in Japan the leaves are awl-fliaped, linear and 
lanceolate on different individuals, and that the corollas 
in his fpecimens were fcarcely revolute. Native of the 
Pyrenees, Siberia, Japan, and China. It was cultivated 
in 1629, as appears from Parkinfon. 
6. Lilium Chalcedonicum, or fcarlet martagon lily : 
leaves fcattered, lanceolate; flowers turned back, corollas 
rolled back. Scarlet martagon is from three to four feet 
in height; the leaves are much broader than thofe of the 
preceding, and appear as if they were edged with white ; 
they are placed very clofely upon the fialks. The flowers 
are of a bright fcarlet, and feldom more than five or fix in 
number. It flowers late in July, and in c6ol feafons con¬ 
tinues in beauty great part of Auguft. Linnaeus remarks, 
that the raceme, before the flowers open, is fcarcely curved 
in, as in the preceding and next following fpecies, and 
that the ftem is clothed with claftered leaves to the very 
Vol. XJI. No. 864. 
705 
top. Mr. Curtis obferves, that it varies in the number of 
flowers, from one to fix, and that the colour in forne is of 
a blood red. Jacquin defcribes the fmeli as difagreeable; 
win hi Scopoli compares it to that of an orange. This 
fpecies not being the martagon of Linnaeus, Mr. Curtis, 
to avoid confufion, calis it Chalcedonian lily. Native of 
the Levant, and of the mountains between Carnioia and 
Carinthia, if Jacquin’s plant be the fame with that from 
the Eaft. Clufnis informs us, that it was brought front 
Conftantinople to Vienna, before his arrival in that city. 
It was cultivated here in 1 596, by Gerarde. There ara 
fome varieties of this in the iize and colour of the flowers 
which are fometimes of a blood red. 
7. Lilium fuperbum, or great yellow martagon lily : 
leaves fcattered, lanceolate; flowers in a branched pyramid 
turned back; corollas rolled back. Stem round, very 
fmooth and even, panicled at top, two feet high and more. 
Branches alternate, divaricating, upright, like the ftem, 
reflex at top, flower-bearing. Stem-leaves alternate, fub- 
petioled, folded together at the bale, ovate-oblong, acute, 
quite entire, fmooth, five-nerved beneath, fpreading. One 
flower at the end of each branch; corollas large and hand- 
lome ; petals oblong, acute, w hite with large purple fpots 
and fmaller black ones from the middle to the bale; nec- 
tareous keel bearded. Gouan afferts, that the leaves are 
conftantly three-nerved. Cateiby lays, that the flowers 
grow alternately on long footftalks, and that they are of 
an orange and lemon colour, thick (potted with dark 
brown. From his work the annexed Plate is copied. 
According to Miller, it rifes with a ftrong ftalk from four 
to five feet high. The flowers are produced in form-of a 
pyramid ; and, when the roots are ftrong, there are forty 
or fifty flowers on a (talk ; they are large, yellow with 
dark (pots, and make a tine appearance, but lmell fo cl if a- 
greeably, that’few perfons can endure to be near them. 
They appear at the end of June. Native of Nortli Ame¬ 
rica. Introduced into England from Pennfylvania by Pe¬ 
ter Collinlon, efq. in 1738. 
8. Lilium martagon, or purple martagon lily : leaves 
in whorls, flowers turned back, corollas rolled J^ack. This 
rifes with a ftrong ftalk from three to four feet high. Leaves 
broad. Flowers dark purple, w ith fOme fpots of black ; they 
are produced in loofe fpikes, appear in June, and have a 
difagreeable odour when near, but not fo offenfive as the 
preceding. Native of the fouth of Europe, and Siberia. 
Cultivated in 1596, by Gerarde. 
( 3 - L. hirfutum. The leaves of this are narrower; the 
whorls (land farther afunder ; the leaves and (talks are 
fomewhat hairy, and the buds of the flowers are covered 
with a foft down ; the flowers are of a brighter colour, 
with few fpots, and come out earlier, though the (talks 
appear much later above ground. It flowers early in June. 
Mr. Miller makes a diltinft fpecies of it, under the name of 
L. hirfutum, or red martagon. Thefe flowers in old gar¬ 
dens were known by the name of turk’s caps. 
9. Lilium Canadenl’e, or Canada martagon lily: leaves 
in whorls; flowers large, yellow, bur little turned back, 
corollas revolute-bell-fhaped. Bulbs oblong and large. 
Stems from four to five feet high; leaves oblong, pointed. 
Flowers large, yellow (potted with black, (haped like thofe 
of the orange-lily, and the petals not turned back fo much 
as in the other martagons. They come out in the begin¬ 
ning of Auguft, and, when the roots are large, in great 
numbers, making a fine appearance. There is a variety 
of this with larger deeper-coloured flowers. This, fays 
Parkinfon, was brought into France from Canada by the 
French colony, and thence unto us, in 1629. Jt flowers 
in July and Auguft. It is found in other parts of North 
America; for Catefby lays it was fent to Mr. Collinlon 
from Pennfylvania, and flowered feveral years in his gar¬ 
den at Peckham. Thunberg alfo obferved it in Japan. 
10. Lilium Kamfchatcenfe, or Kamtfchatka lily : leaves 
in whorls, flower erect; corolla bell-fliaped, petals feflile. 
Bulb roundifh, fmall. Stem quite funple, round, even, a 
foot high. Leaves as in the martagons; but the flowers 
8 R fmall. 
