fmall, the fize and form of Lilium Perficum or Fritillaria 
Perfica. The oblong ftigmas without a ftyle are fingular 
in this genus. Native of Kamtfchatka; and alfo of China 
and Cochin-china, if Loureiro’s plant be the fame. 
ii. Lilium Philadelphicum, or Philadelphian martagon 
lily: leaves in whorls, flowers ere£t; corolla bell-fhaped, 
petals with claws. Root fmaller than in the other forts, 
fcaly and white. Stem Angle, upright, near a foot and a 
half high; terminated by two flowers, which ftand ere£t 
upon fhort feparate peduncles; they are fhaped like thofe 
■of the bulb-bearing fiery lily, but the petals are narrower 
at their bafe, fo that there is a confiderable l'pace between 
them, but upwards they enlarge and approximate, form¬ 
ing a fort of open bell-fhaped corolla, but they terminate 
in acute points; they are of a bright purple colour, marked 
with feveral dark purple fpots towards the bafe. It flow¬ 
ers in July, and the feeds ripen at the end of September. 
Linnffius obferves that it refembles the preceding very 
much, but the petals of that are ovate and feflile, whereas 
in this they are on oblong diftinft claws. Thunberg fays, 
that the lower leaves are alternate, the upper ones three 
or four together, oblong, nerved underneath, an inch 
and a half long. Native of North America, and alfo, ac¬ 
cording to Thunberg, of Japan. Linnaeus marks it as 
growing in Canada. Mr. Miller fays, that it was fent to 
him from Pennfylvania, by Mr. John Bartram. Mr. Mil¬ 
ler cultivated it in 1757, as appears from his figures. 
Propagation and Culture. The common white lily, with 
all its varieties, (and indeed all the forts,) may eafily be 
increafed from offsets, which the bulbs of this fend out in 
fo great plenty, as to make it neceflary to take them off 
every other, or at lead every third, year, to prevent their 
weakening the principal bulb. The time for removing 
them is the end of Auguff, foon after the. ftalks decay. 
They will thrive in almoft any foil and fituation; and, as 
they grow tall and fpread, they mull be allowed room, 
and in large borders they are very ornamental. They are 
fo hardy, that no froft injures them ; and, increafing very 
faft by offsets, are become fo common as to be little re¬ 
garded, neUvithftanding the great beauty of the flowers, 
and their rich odour, which indeed is too powerful for 
many perfons. The common orange-lily is fo common, 
and increafes fo readily by offsets, that it is almoft rejected ; 
however, in large gardens it fhould not be wanting, fince 
it makes a bandfome appearance when in flower, if pro¬ 
perly difpofed. The ftalks decaying in September, the 
roots may be then tranfplanted, and the offsets taken off; 
but, as it does not put out new leaves till towards fpring, 
this may be done till near Chriftmas. It fhould be repeated 
once in three years. This fort will thrive in any foil or 
fituation, but will be ftrongeft in a foft gentle loam, not 
too moift. The bulb-bearing varieties may alfo be in¬ 
creafed without taking up the plants, by means of the lit¬ 
tle bulbs that are put forth in plenty from the axils of 
the leaves. Both thefe forts, with their varieties, will 
thrive under the fhade of trees, and are therefore proper to 
be introduced in plantations, and on the borders of woods. 
5-9. All thefe may be propagated by offsets, which 
fome produce in great plenty, but others fend out very 
few, and are therefore more fcarce. The roots may be 
taken up when the ftalks decay; and, if there be a necef- 
fity for keeping them out of the ground, to tranfport them 
to a diftant place, they fhould be wrapped in dry mofs; 
and they will keep thus for two months. The belt time 
to replant them is the beginning of Oftober; but, if the 
ground be not ready to receive them, they fhould be co¬ 
vered with dry fand or wrapped in mofs, to prevent the 
fcales from fhrinking, which weakens the bulbs, and of¬ 
ten occafions them to be mouldy and to rot. The roots 
fhould be planted five or fix inches deep in the ground, 
efpecially if the foil be light and dry ; but, where it is moift, 
raife the borders five or fix inches; for, if the water come 
near the roots in winter, it will rot them; and, where the 
foil is ftiff and binding, mix a good quantity of fea-coal 
afties or rough fand with it. As the Canada, Pomponian, 
and Philadelphian, martagons, (9, 5, u.) are fome»!:at 
more tender, in very fevere winters the furface fhourd be 
covered with old tanner’s bark or fea-coal allies, to fecurc 
them from froft; and in the fpring the covering may be 
removed before the ftalks (hoot up. The tall-growing 
forts are only proper for large gardens, and may be inter¬ 
mixed with white and orange lilies, tall-growing irifes, 
and other flowers of the fame growth; where, if they be 
not too much crouded, and are properly difpofed, they 
will make a good appearance. Some of the common 
martagons thrive under the fhade of trees, and may there¬ 
fore be difpofed to advantage in plantations. None of 
the bulbs fhould ever be tranfplanted after they have made 
fhoots, for it weakens them fo as not to recover in lefs 
than two or three years. 
In Holland they raife a great variety of martagons. 
Thofe which are moft generally found in the Englifh gar¬ 
dens are, the common martagon with double flowers; the 
white ; the double white ; the white fpotted ; the impe¬ 
rial; the early fcarlet; the Conftantinople vermilion mar¬ 
tagon. The way of obtaining thefe and other varieties, is 
by fowing the feeds'of the beft flowers, in fquare boxes, 
fix inches deep, with holes bored in their bottoms, and 
filled with frefh light fandy earth. The beginning of Oc¬ 
tober, foon after the feeds are ripe, is the proper feafon. 
Sow them pretty thick, covering them about half an inch 
with light fifted earth. Place the boxes where they may 
have the morning fun only ; and refrelh them often with 
water, if the feafon prove dry. In November remove- 
them where they may have as much fun as pofiible, and 
be fcreened from wind. About the beginning of April 
remove them into their former pofition ; for now the 
young plants, which are impatient of heat, will appear ; 
and the earth will dry too faft, if expofed to the full fun 
at noon. Keep them entirely clear from weeds, and re- 
frefli them gently and cautioufly with water, when the 
feafon is dry. Let the boxes remain till the beginning of 
Auguft. Then prepare fome beds of frefh light earth ; 
and, thefe being levelled, take the earth out of the boxes* 
with the fmall bulbs, and ftrew it equally over the beds, 
covering it half an inch thick with fine Lifted earth. If 
the feafon prove hot and dry, lhade the beds in the mid¬ 
dle of the day, and refrelh them with water. If the fol¬ 
lowing winter fhould prove fevere, cover the beds with 
peafe-haulm or other light covering, to keep out the froft ; 
but this will be injurious to the bulbs in mild weather. 
At the end of February, or the beginning of March, 
when hard frolts are over, gently clear off the earth upon 
the furface of the beds, and lift a little frelh earth over 
them; but in doing this do not difturb or injure the 
bulbs. Keep them clear from weeds 5 water them gently 
in dry weather; and in very hot days lhade them from 
the fun. When their leaves are quite decayed, Itir the 
furface of the beds again; and in September fift more 
frelh earth over the beds. During winter and fpring ma¬ 
nage them as before direfted. In September following 
tranfplant the bulbs to a greater diltance, on beds pre¬ 
pared as above. Place them about eight inches afunder, 
with the buds uppermoft, and four inches deep. This 
Ihould be done in moift weather. In fevere froft cover 
the beds with peafe-haulm or decayed tan, taking it off in 
fpring, and refrefhing the beds as before with new light 
earth. The fecond year after being planted in thefe beds, 
the ftrongeft bulbs will begin to flower. Then place a 
flick wherever you obferve any peculiar varieties; and, 
when the leaves are decayed, remove thefe bulbs into 
other beds at a greater diltance, or into the borders of 
the flower-garden. But never reject any till they have 
flowered two years; for frequently fome will makeamean 
appearance the firft year, and afterwards become fairhand- 
lome flowers when they have obtained ftrength. When 
Inch have been felefted as are worth preferving, the reft: 
may be planted in lhady outer walks, or in the borders of 
plantations. 
Catefby’s lily may be railed from feeds, or offsets, 
which. 
