r 
7 £ 4 . L I M 
■were observed, is at this day of much iefs public concern. 
The former are two, the firft and the ninth. The fir It is 
of this tenor: “The Roman-catholics of this kingdom 
(Ireland) Until enjoy fuch privileges, in the exercife of 
their religion, as are confiftent with the laws of Ireland, 
or as they did enjoy in the reign of king Charles II. 
And their majefties, as foon as their affairs will permit them 
to fummem a parliament in this kingdom, will endeavour 
to procure the faid Roman-catholics fuch farther fecurity 
in that particular as may preferve them from any dijlurbance 
e.n account off their religion." The 9th article is to this ef¬ 
fect : “ The oath to be adminiftered to fuch Roman-ca¬ 
tholics as fubmit to their majefties’ government, fliall be 
the oath afore [aid, and no other, viz. the oath of allegi¬ 
ance, made by aft of parliament in England, in the firft 
year of their then majefties, as required by the fecond of 
the articles of Limeric.” Compare this latter article with 
the penal laws as they are ftated in the fecond chapter, 
and judge whether they feetrt to be the public afts of the 
fame powers; and obferve whether other oaths are ten¬ 
dered to them, and under what penalties. Compare the 
former with the fame laws from the beginning to the end, 
and judge whether the Roman-catholics have been pre- 
ferved, agreeably to the fenfe of the article, from any 
dijlurbance upon account of their religion ; or rather, whether 
on that account there is a fingle right of nature or benefit 
of foeiety, which has not been either totally taken away 
or confiderably impaired.” 
And Mr. Parnell obferves, that, though William had 
bound himfelf by this treaty to call a parliament as foon 
as his affairs would admit, and to obtain from it the ratifi¬ 
cation of the treaty, he diiloived the firft parliament of 
bis reign, which had met on the 5th of Oftober, 1692, 
in Sept. 1693, without propofing to them any fuch mea- 
fure. He was further guilty of a want of attention to his 
engagement, by not fummoning another parliament till 
the 27th of April, 1695; and, when this parliament did 
meet, lie' feems to have entirely forgotten that his own 
faith, and the faith of the Englilh nation, was plighted to 
the catholics by a fclemn treaty ; for, inftead of recom¬ 
mending to them, in the fpeech of his lord deputy, to 
proceed to confirm the articles of Limeric, he told them 
that he was intent upon the great work of a firm fettle- 
ment of Ireland upon a prstfant intereft. The parlia¬ 
ment were not backward in promoting his objeft. They 
firft of all paffed an aft to deprive the catholics of the 
means of educating their children either at home or 
abroad, and of the privilege of being guardians either of 
their own or of any other perlon’s children. Thus a pro¬ 
fligate fon, on Renouncing his religion, was enabled to 
difinherit his father and the reft of his family; and the 
perfidious wife alfo had the fame encouragement held out 
to her to throw oft’ all ties of religion, and turn her huf- 
band out of doors. Then they paffed an aft to difarrn 
the catholics; another to banilh their priefts; and, ftrange 
as it may appear, they then thought proper, in the year 
1697, to pals an aft to confirm the articles of Limeric. Of 
this aft it is to be obferved, in the firft place, that the 
very title of it is a proof of its injuftice ; for it is ftyled 
“An Aft for the Confirmation of Articles (and not, as 
it ought to be, of the Articles) made at the furrender of 
Limeric. The preamble affords further evidence of the 
intention of the framers of it to evade its proper objeft. 
It runs thus: “That the faid articles, or Jo muck of them 
as may confift with the fafety and welfare of your majelty’s 
fubjefts of this kingdom, may be confirmed,” &c. But 
the whole aft goes to convift the parliament, and (as this 
parliament was completely under the controul of the lord 
deputy) even William himfelf, of grofs injuftice towards 
the catholics. For the firft article of the treaty is wholly 
omitted, which guarantees to the catholics the free exer¬ 
cife of their religion, and an exemption from all dilturb- 
ance on account ®f it; and each claufe of the aft has the 
eft’eft of limiting the terms of the other articles, and de¬ 
priving the catholics of the benefit of them, inftead of 
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ratifying and confirming them. In fbort, this aft, und.ee 
the name of conferring favours on the catholics, really 
placed them in a worfe condition than that in which they 
were before it paffed into a law. Uij}. of Penal Laws againjt 
the Catholics. The matter was certainly not mended fn the 
reign of queen Anne, nor in that of her fucceiTor ; though 
we do not exaftly know in what reign was palled p ftatute 
we find noticed in Cruttwell’s Gazetteer; which enafts, 
that “no papifts, except labourers and fifliermen, fball 
reiide in the city of Limeric as houlekeepers ; nor a:s 
thefe to rent any tenement of above 4.0s. a-year.” We 
need dwell no longer, however, on thefe vexatious fila¬ 
tures, fince, to the honour of his prefent majefty, they 
have been for the moll part repealed during his reign. 
But, as to the queltion of total emancipation as it is called, 
or of putting catholics and proteftants entirely upon a 
par, we have already delivered our fentiments fully in the 
article Liberty of Conscience, p. 589— 5 oi ; and the 
deciiion of the legiflature, fince that article was printed, 
has been in conformity with thofe fentiments. Limeric is 
forty-five miles north of Cork, ninety-two weft-louth-weli 
of Dublin. Lat. 52. 39. N. Ion. 8. 32. W. 
LIM'ERIC, is alfo the name of a fair-town :n the 
county of Wexford and province of Leinfter; the fairs 
are four in the year. 
LIM'ERIC, a poft-town of America, in York county 
and.(fate of Maine, near the confluence of Oflipee river 
with Saco, and oppofite to Gorham ; incorporated in 1787, 
and containing 995 inhabitants.—Alfo, a tovvnfnip in 
Montgomery county, Pennfylvania, containing 999 in¬ 
habitants. 
LIMESO'L. See Limisso. 
LIMEU'IL, a town of France, in the department of 
the Dordogne, on the Dordogne : nine miles north-north- 
welt of Belvez, and nineteen fouth of Perigueux. 
LIME'UM, [ [appears from Pliny to be a name of 
Gallic origin for a plant with which the ancient Gauls 
poil’oned their arrows. This appellation, however, could 
not have been originally applied to the prefent genus, all 
the fpecies of which are natives of the Cape of Good Hope.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs heptandria, order digynia, 
natural order of holoracese, (portulaecte. Jiff.) The ge¬ 
neric characters are—Calyx : perianthium five-leaved ; 
leaflets ovate, acuminate, keeled, membranaceous on the 
margin ; two exterior ; permanent. Corolla : petals five, 
equal, ovate, fomewhat clawed, obtufe, Ihorter than the 
calyx. Neftary ; a margin furrounding the germ, bear¬ 
ing the Itamens. Stamina : filaments feven or fewer, awl- 
fhaped, Ihorter than the corolla ; antherx ovate. PiftiU 
lum: germ globofe ; ftyle two-parted, cylindric, Ihorter 
than the Itamens ; ftigmas rather obtufe. Pericarpium : 
none; fruit bipartile into two hemifpheric hollow naked 
feeds, Ihaped like a menifeus .—Effential CharaBcr. Calyx 
five-leaved; petals five, equal; capfules globular, two- 
celled. 
Species. 1. Limeum Africanum, or African limeum ; 
leaves oblong, petioled, (ovate-lanceolate, l’ubpetioled, 
Th.) Stems proftrate, weak, a fpan long, angular, naked,- 
perennial at the bale. Leaves alternate, remote, linear- 
lanceolate, fmall : but they feem to vary much. In the 
fpecimens of the Bankfian herbarium, «e have linear, ob¬ 
long, ovate, roundilh, and fpatulate, leaves, if the fpeci¬ 
mens be all one fpecies. Seeds united into a fpherica! 
fruit, fpontaneoufly fplitting when ripe : they are ereft, 
dirty Itraw-coloured, on one fide convex, excavated and 
rugged, and having a wide cavity on the other; outer 
coat coriaceous, of a middling thicknefs ; inner very thin, 
pale; embryo of the fame Ihape with the feed, or menif- 
cus-form, farinaceous, very white; 'embryo roundilh, 
femi-circular, milky ; cotyledons femi-cylindric ; radicle 
long, bowed, inferior. Introduced in 1774, by Mr. 
Francis Malfon. 
2. Limeum incanum, or hoary limeum : leaves ovate, 
with a ftrong midrib underneath, tomentofe. This feems 
to be a fmall plant, as far as we can judge from Mafl'on’s 
* fpecimen 
