748 LIN 
gination, fancied allufions, and dire&ed analogies, that, 
in the progrefs of time, have more and more bewildered 
them ; until at length fuch an inextricable mafs of myfti- 
cifm hath been accumulated referring to this fymbol, as 
to wear an appearance almoft of ridicule. The lingam 
being the fymbol of Siva, his votaries are reminded of it, 
and of its archetype, by any thing conical or ereft; a hill, 
a tree, any pyramidal object, a malt or pole, See. Lin- 
gams are feen of enormous fize; in the cavern of Ele- 
phanta for inltauce, marking unequivocally that the fym¬ 
bol in queftion is at any rate as ancient as that temple, as 
they are of the fame rock as the temple itfelf. Of the 
public w'orfliip of the lingam we have already fpoken un¬ 
der the article Hindoostan, vol. x. p. 120. but they 
have lingams alfo of diminutive fize for domeftic adora¬ 
tion, or for perfonal ufe ; fome individuals always carry¬ 
ing one about with them ; and in fome Brahman families 
one is daily conttructed in clay, placed, after due fanfti- 
fication by appropriate ceremonies and prayers, in the do- 
r.ieftic (hrine, or under a tree or Ihrub facred to Siva 
snore efpecially, and honoured by the adoration of the fe¬ 
males of the houftiold. This ceremony is called linga-puja, 
i, e. the worfbip of the lingam, a beautiful plate of which, 
with a particular defeription, is given in Moor’s Hindu 
Pantheon, where “a pious female is reprefented propitiat¬ 
ing Mahadeva (another name of Siva) in his generative 
character, indicated by the lingam inferted in its appro¬ 
priate receptacle, the argha, or yoni, myfterious types of 
r.ature, particularly difeuffed in future pages.” See Yoni. 
LIN'GAN, a river of Ireland, which runs into the 
Suir two miles below Carrick-upon-Suir. 
LIN'GAY, one of the fmaller Weftern Iflands of Scot¬ 
land, near the Couth-weft coaft of Harris. Lat. 57. 40. N. 
Ion. 7. W. 
LINGAPOU'R, a town of Hindooftan, in Dowlata- 
bad : fifteen miles fouth of Neernvul. 
LIN'GE, or Ling'he, a river of Holland, which runs 
into the Wahal at Gorcum. 
LIN'GELBACH (John), a painter of merit, was born 
in 1625, at Frankfort on the Maine. He ftudied his art 
firft in Holland ; and having, by a refidence of two years 
in Paris, acquired a little money, he went to Rome for 
further improvement, and continued there till he was 
twenty-five years of age. In that city he exercifed him- 
feIf afiiduoufly in drawing from nature all the objects that 
ftruck him, fuch as remains of antiquity, pieces of ar¬ 
chitecture, groups of charaCteriltic figures at fairs, mounte¬ 
banks’ ftages, and the like, which he expreffed with won¬ 
derful tafte and facility. He returned to Amfterdam, 
where he became much admired as a painter of landfcapes, 
fea-ports, naval engagements, and fubjeCts of common 
life. He had a light and elegant touch, a fine tone of 
colouring, a thorough knowledge of aerial perfpfctive, 
great (kill in defigning and grouping, and much fertility 
of invention. No painter feems better to have fucceeded 
in thofe parts of the art at which he aimed ; and his pieces 
abound in entertainment. He engraved a few landfcapes. 
He died in 1687, aged fixty-two. 
LIN'GEN, a county of Weftphalia, bounded on the 
north by the bifhopric of Munfter, on the eaft by the bi- 
fhopric of Ofnabruck, on the fouth by the county of 
Tecklenburg, and on the weft by Bentheim. It came, 
with Tecklenburg, into the poffeftion of the king of 
Pruffia ; and at the peace of Tilfit was ceded to Weftpha¬ 
lia. The foil is not very fertile, but in feveral places are 
fome mines of coal, and quarries of Hone. It is divided 
into Upper and Lower ; the principal town of the latter 
is Lingen, and Ibbenbuhren of the former. 
LIN'GEN, a city of Weftphalia, and capital of a county 
of the fame name. It is fituated not far from the Embs, 
@nd was formerly fortified, but at prefent is final 1, and 
barely furrounded with a ditch. This town is the feat of 
the regency of the united counties of Lingen and Teck¬ 
lenburg, and likewile of the deputations of the war and 
domain chamber of Minden In it is a Calvinift, a Lu- 
L I N 
theran, and a Roman-catholic, church. The academical 
gymnafium here, was founded in the year 1697, by Wil¬ 
liam III. prince of Orange. About a quarter of a mile’s 
diftance from the town, to the north of it, is a palVage 
over the Embs, which is called the Lingen ferry. 
LIN'GEN, or Lin'egen, an iftand in the Eaftern In¬ 
dian Sea, near the fouth coaft of Malacca, about one hun¬ 
dred miles in circumference, and fifty from the north-eafi: 
coaft of the iftand of Sumatra. Lat. o. 10. S. Ion. 104. 40. E. 
LINGEN'DES (Claude de), a French Jefuit, commend¬ 
ed as one of the moll admirable preachers of the feven- 
teenth century, was born at Moulins, in the year 1591. 
He entered into the order at Lyons, in 1607 ; and, after 
completing his academical Itudies, taught rhetoric and 
polite literature for fome time in different feminaries. As, 
however, his genius particularly qualified him for the 
pulpit, he devoted himfelf to preaching, and for lix-and- 
thirty years attracted crowded audiences by the excellence 
of his compofitions and his elocution. He was exceeded 
by none, and fcarcely equalled by any, of the pulpit ora¬ 
tors of his day. And it is not a little remarkable, that 
his eloquent difeourfes, in which argument and pathos 
are finely blended, were compofed by him in Latin, but 
delivered in French. While he thus diftinguilhed him¬ 
felf as a preacher, he prefided eleven years over the col¬ 
lege at Moulins; and afterwards filled the poll of provin¬ 
cial of the order in France. Three times he went to 
Rome, either in the character of elector or provincial; 
and he died fuperior of the Jefuits’ feminary at Paris, in 
1660, at the age of fixty-nine. He was the author of La¬ 
tin fermons, which were collected together, and publiftied 
in the year after that of his death, under the title of Con - 
cionum quadragejimalium Argumenta, 3 vols. 4to. and after¬ 
wards in 8vo. and of a volume printed feparately in 1663, 
entitled, Condones decent de fandiijfimo Sacramento, 8vo. In 
1666, two volumes of thefe fermons, and afterwards a. 
third, were tranfiated into French, and the verfion, be¬ 
fore publication, was compared with the tranferipts of 
different copyifts, who had written down many of them 
at the time of their delivery. Thefe volumes, both in the 
original Latin, and in the French tranflation, were re¬ 
ceived in a very favourable manner by the public. Lin- 
gendes was alfo the author of “Advice for the right Con¬ 
duct of Life,” written in Latin, and entitled, Monita que- 
dam ad Vitam bene Ordinandam, which has been often print¬ 
ed in different places ; and Votivum Monumentum ab Urbe 
Molinevfi, Delphino oblatum, 4to. 1639. 
To LIN'GER, v. n. [from leng, Sax. long.] To remain 
long in languor and pain : 
Like wretches, that have linger'd long, 
We’ll fnatch the ftrongeft cordial of our love. Dryden. 
To hefitate ; to be in fufpenfe : 
Perhaps thou ling'rejl, in deep thoughts detain’d 
Of th’ enterprile fo hazardous and high. Milton . 
To remain long. In an ill fenfe: 
Your very fear of death (hall make ye try 
To catch the (hade of immortality ; 
Wifhing on earth to linger, and to fave 
Part of its prey from the devouring grave. Prior. 
To remain long without any aftion or determination,— 
We have lingered about a match between Anne Page and 
my coufin Slender, and this day we fnall have our anfwer. 
Skakejpeare. —To wait long in expectation or uncertainty ; 
I muft folicit his concerns as mine: 
And, if my eyes have pow’r, he (liould not fue 
In vain, nor linger with a long delay. Dryden. 
To be long in producing effect,—She doth think, (lie has 
Itrange ling'ring poilons. Shakefpeare. 
To LIN'GER, v. a. To protra&j to draw out to length. 
Out of ufe. —I can get no remedy againft this confumption 
