L I P 
763 b I O 
was Cor-de-Lion, for his lion-like courage. Camden's Re¬ 
mains. 
LI'ON MA'RIN, a bay on the fouth coaft of Kergue¬ 
len’s Land, fo called by Alouarn. I^erguelen called it 
Baye de Gros Centre. Lat. 49. 3a. S. Ion. 68. 51. E. 
, EI'ON-METTLED, adj. Fierce as a lion: 
Be lion -mettied, proud ; and take no care, 
Who chafes, who frets, or who canfpirers are. Shahefp. 
LI'ON MOU'NTAIN, a mountain of Africa, near the 
Cape of Good Hope, fo called from its fuppofed refem- 
biance, which feamen obferve, to that animal. It is dif- 
tinguilhed into what is called the Lion’s Head and the 
Lion’s Tail or Rump. The Lion’s Head is a bare rock 
from the top to the bottom; the Tail is likewife rocky, 
but is covered with a flight (tratum of earth, which 
produces an inferior kind of grafs; and every one is at 
liberty to let their cattle feed upon it. An enlign-llalf is 
erefted upon both thefe fummits, upon which fignal-flags 
are hoifted, as foon as any flips are perceived at fea. 
Thefe flgnals are changed every month; advices whereof 
ufed to be fent two years before-hand to Holland, and to 
the fettlements in India; and fealed letters, containing 
the detail of them, are given to the commanders of vef- 
fels, who are to touch at the Cape, which are opened 
when they come in fight of the mountain?, in order to be 
lure that the place is in the hands of their own country¬ 
men, and, if the fignals agree, that they may proceed 
with confidence to the anchorage in the bay. One or two 
men are conftantly ftatioued on the Lion’s Head; and, as 
foon as they perceive any flap at fea, they hoilt the flag, 
and fire one or more times, according to the number of 
veflels that appear, a fmall piece of cannon, which has 
been got up to this place with great difficulty, and the 
report of which is the more ealily heard at Cape-towrT, 
from the reverberation which it makes againfl the fteep 
fides of the Table Mountain. 
LI'ON’s MOUTH,/. An herb. Taken for a fpecies 
of Antirrhinum s 
Antirrhinum more model! takes the name 
Of lion's mouth. Tate's Cowley. 
LION’s TAIL, in botany. See Phlomis leonurus. 
LION’s TOOTH, or Dandelion. See Leontodon. 
LIONCEL'. See Heraldry, vol. ix. p. 422. 
LIONEL, a man’s name. 
LI'ONESS, / A fhe-lit>n.—If we may believe Pliny, 
lions do, in a very levere manner, punifh the adulteries 
©f the lionefs. Ayliffe. 
Under which bulb’s fliade, a lionefs 
Lay couching head on ground, with catlike watch, 
When that the lleeping man fliould ftir. Shakefpeare. 
LI'ONS, a town of France, in the department of the 
Eure: nine miles, north of Grand Andelys, and five eaft 
of Rouen. Lat.49. 24. N. Ion. 1. 33. E. 
LI'ONS (Gulf of), a bay of the Mediterranean, faid to 
be 1b named from the frequent tempelts with which it is 
dillurbed ; and not the Gulf of Lyons, from the city. It 
extends from Spain to Italy. 
LIORAC', a town of France, in the department of the 
Dordogne: feven miles eaft-north-ealt of Bergerac. 
LIOS'K, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of 
Troki: twenty miles welt of Grodno. 
LIOTA'RD (John-Francis), an eminent portrait-pain¬ 
ter, was born at Geneva in 1703. He was defigned for a 
mercantile life, but was permitted to follow the itroug 
Inclination he difplayed for the art of painting. By 
very diligent application he rendered himfelf a matter in 
miniature, crayons, and enamel. Devoid of invention, 
his. great excellence lay in making exa£t copies of the 
works of other painters, or in taking portraits with a fide¬ 
lity that reprefented even the blemilhes .that nature pre- 
fented to his view: “ He could not conceive (lays Wal¬ 
pole) the abfence of any thing that appeared to him. 
Truth prevailed in all his works; grace in very few or 
none.” He was, however, an excellent colourifl, gave a 
remarkable roundnefs and relief to his figures, and tho¬ 
roughly underftood the principles of perfpeftive. Lio- 
tard ftudied at Paris; and in 1738 accompanied the mar¬ 
quis de Puifieux to Rome, where he became acquainted 
with two Englifli noblemen, who took him with them to 
Conftantinople. He remained there three years, and was 
employed to take portraits of foine of the grand feignor’s 
ladies. He aflumed the Turkifti habit and beard, which 
he retained at Paris on his return ; and by that Angularity 
attracted the public curiofity fo as to make his fortune. 
He painted Louis XV. and the royal family, and Mad. 
Pompadour, who thought his pencil too faithful. Being 
invited to England, he appeared in the fame coftume ; 
and was employed to paint the princefs of Wales and 
her family, with other perfons of diftinction. In his paf- 
lage through Vienna he had taken the portraits of the em¬ 
peror and emprefs; and at the Hague he took thole of the 
ftadtholder and his filter. Thus, partly from the influ¬ 
ence of fafhion, and partly from real merit, he rofe to 
high profeflional eminence. He married a young wife, 
and (fays Walpole) “ facrificed his beard to Hymen.” His 
pictures bore a high price, efpecially his enamels, which 
he executed in a larger fize than ever before attempted. 
He made engravings of his Turkilh and Greek portraits, 
his own portrait, and fome other works. He lived to an 
advanced age. This Liotard is called Jokn-Stephen by Mr. 
Walpole and in Pilkington’s Dictionary; but John-Francis 
in the Dift. Nouv. Hilt, and fin Senebier’s Hilt. Liter, de 
Geneve, which latter work mentions John-Stephen Liotard. 
as an engraver. 
LIP,/, [hppe, Sax.] The outer part of the mouth; 
the mulcles that Ihoot beyond the teeth, which arc of lb 
much ule in fpeaking, that they are uled for all the or¬ 
gans of fpeech.'—Her lips blulh deeper fweets. Tkomfon’s 
Spring. 
Thofe happielt fmiles * 
That play’d on her ripe lip, feem’d not to know 
What guelts were in her eyes. - Shakefpeare. 
No falfehood lhall defile my lips with lies. 
Or with a vail of truth difguile. Sandys. 
The edge of any thing.—In many places is a ridge of 
mountains fome diftance from the fea, and a plain from 
their roots to the Ihore ; which plain was formerly co¬ 
vered by the fea, which hounded againlt thofe hills as 
its firft ramparts, or as the ledges or lips of its veffel. 
Burnet. 
To make a Lip. To hang the lip in fulienefs and con¬ 
tempt.—A letter for tne! It gives me an eltate of feven 
years health; in which time I will make a lip at the phy- 
fician. Shakefpeare. 
To LIP, v.a. To kifs. Obfolete: 
A hand, that kings 
Have lipt, and trembled killing. Shakefpeare. 
Oh! ’tis the fiend’s arch-mock, 
To lip a wanton, and fuppofe her chafire. Shakefpeare. 
LIP'-LABOUR, / Aflion of the lips without concur¬ 
rence of the mind; words without fentiments.-^Fafling, 
when prayer i§ not directed to its own purpofes, is but 
lip-labour. Taylor's Rule of Living. 
LIP'-WISDOM, / Wifdom in talk without practice. 
—I find that all is but lip-wifdom which wants experience. 
I now, woe is me, do try what love can do. Sidney. 
LI'PA, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of No- 
vogrodek: thirty-two miles welt-north-weft of Sluck. 
LI'PA, a town of Croatia, on the river Dobra : tea 
miles fouth-weft of Carlftadt. 
LIPA'RI, a volcanic ifland, or rather n group of fuch 
iflands, in the Mediterranean, about twenty-four miles 
from the north coaft of Sicily. They were formerly called 
FEolian Islands ; and now Ifeledi Lipari, from the name 
of the chief of them. Thele iflands are commonly rec¬ 
koned ten in number; though fome by omitting, antf 
others 
