LOB 
foming the entire farmery, in fuch a manner as to Ihelter 
it effectually from the north and eaft winds.” 
LOBE,/! [/obits, Lat.] A divifion ; a diftinft part; 
tjfed commonly for a part of the lungs.—Air-bladders 
form lobuli, which hang upon the bronchia like bunches 
of grapes; thefe lobuii conftitute the lobes, and the lobes 
the lungs. Arbjithnot on Aliments. 
Nor could the lobes of his rank liver fwell 
To that prodigious mafs for their eternal meal. Drydcn. 
From whence the quick reciprocating breath. 
The lobe adhefive, and the fweat of death. Scwel. 
The lower part or tip of the ear. Du Laurent fays, that 
the word, in this laft fenfe, comes from the Greek, 
to lhame, or be aftiamed; this part of the ear being laid 
to blulh when the perfon is alhamed. 
Lobe is alfo ufed in fpeaking of fruits and grains. 
Thus the bean confifts of two equal parts, called lobes, 
which compofe the body thereof, and are encompaffed 
with the other Ikin. And all othergrains, even the fmalleft, 
are divided, like the bean, into the two lobes, or equal 
parts; as Dr. Grew has Ihown in his Anatomy of Plants. 
LOBE'DA, a town of Germany, in the principality of 
Eifenach: three miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Jena. Lat. 50. 
52. N. Ion. 11. 30. E. 
LOBEDIAN', a town of Rulfia, in the government of 
Tambov: 100 miles weft-north-wett of Tambov. Lat. 53. 
28. N. Ion. 38. 50. E. 
LOBEGUN', a town of Weftphalia, in the duchy of 
Magdeburg: twenty-five miles north of Leipfic, and thir¬ 
ty-fix fouth of Magdeburg. 
LOBEI'RA (Vafco), author of the celebrated romance 
called Amadis de Gaul, was born at Porta about the mid¬ 
dle of the fourteenth century. He was knighted upon the 
field of battle at Aljubarotta by king Joam I. in the year 
1386, and died at Elvas, where he poffeffed a good eftate, 
in 1403. According to Mr. Southey, nothing more has 
been collected by the Portuguefe biographers of Lobeira. 
But it has been queftioned whether he was the author of 
the Amadis de Gaul, and whether that poem was not 
written in France rather than in Portugal; to which the 
tranfiator replies, “Some weight muff be allowed to the 
authority of the Portuguefe writers, who have all, with 
the exception of Cardoza, attributed it to Lobeira as 
an original production.” “The romance,” he farther 
adds, “is not older than Lobeira’s age; for it refers to the 
Englifli claim upon the crown of France, and reprefents 
Windfor as the rnoft fplendid court, and the king of Eng¬ 
land as the moll powerful king, in Chriftendom. It was 
written in a country remote from England; for Windfor 
is called an ifland, and the adventurers who crofs from 
France make Brittol their port. Many other fuch in- 
ltances of geographical ignorance could be mentioned ; 
miftakes which might eafily be made by a Portuguefe, 
but not by a Frenchman.” 
The original of this celebrated romance was preferved 
in the library of the dukes of Aveiro; and may poflibly 
fiill be lurking in exiftence, if it has efcaped from the 
wreck of that houfe, and from the earthquake, which was 
fo deftrudtive to Portuguefe literature. TLe oldeft verfion 
known to be extant is that of Garciordonez de Montalvo, 
■which, according to Barbofa, was publilhed at Salamanca 
in 1510. Nicholas Antonio claims it forthe Spaniards, fay¬ 
ing, “ It is juft that in a doubtful cafe the Portuguefe 
fhould produce the ftory in their own language, as the 
Spaniards did in Caftilian.” But the point was never 
doubted in Portugal; and the Spaniards themfelves admit 
Lobeira’s claim ; and, if it be'neceffary to bring forward 
modern teftimony, that of Dr. Gregorio Mayans y Sifcar 
will be fufficient to thofe who are verfed in Spanifh lite¬ 
rature. 
A conjeflure was lately advanced by an Englilh critic, 
that, if the loft metrical romance of Sir Amadas were dif- 
covered, it might prove to be the foundation of this ftory. 
By a finguiar coincidence, that metrical romance has fallen 
lately into the hands of Mr. Southey; and he affures us 
LOB 853 
that the ftory has not the flighteft refemblance to the 
Amadis of Gaul. Thus we think that the claim of Portu¬ 
gal and of Lobeira to this original work is fully eftablifhed. 
Of the work itfelf, Mr. Southey fays, “It may fafely be 
affirmed, that it contains nothing which, in the age it was 
written, would be regarded asimpofiible, fcarcely any thing 
which would be thought exaggerated. The aft ions of Ama¬ 
dis, and the importance of a fingle chief, would not ap¬ 
pear incredible to a people who had heard in their own 
days of fir John Chandos, of Bertrand du Guefclin, and 
of the Black Prince; and who had then living among 
them their own hero, Nuno Alvares Pereira, whofe mili¬ 
tary exploits were as extraordinary, and as important to 
his own country; and upon whofe character, private as 
well as public, moral and political, there is not the flighted: 
ftain or imputation ; a knight who palled his youth in 
camps and courts with unfullied purity; who never com¬ 
mitted one fingle act of inhumanity, in an age of cruelty, 
during a long and ferocious war; who was as liberal as 
he was brave, as loyal as liberal, and as patriotic as loyal; 
and who, after living the life of a warrior and ftatefman, 
retired in full poffelfion of his health and faculties to a 
cloilter, and there died like a faint. To a nation who 
knew this man, and knew alfo that it was chiefly owing 
to his courage that they exifted as a feparate people, the 
character of Amadis would not appear exaggerated.” 
Indeed Amadis has been confidered as the model of a 
perfect knight: “Truly,” fays fir Philip Sidney, “I have 
known men, that even with reading Amadis de Gaul, ; 
which God knows wantetn much of a perfect poefie, have 
found their hearts moved to the exercife of courtefy, li¬ 
berality, and efpecially courage.” Fynes Moryfon, when 
advifinga traveller how to learn languages, fays, “I think 
no book better for his difeourfe than Amadis of Gaul j. 
forthe knights errant, and the ladies of courts, do therein 
exchange courtly fpeeches; and thefe books are in all lan¬ 
guages tranflated by the matters of eloquence.” Mr. 
Southey’s tranflation of this work is in 4 vols. 8vo. II. S. 
in Gen. Biog. 
LO'BEL, or l’Obel (Matthias de), a botanifi: nearly 
contemporary with Clufius, whofe wooden cuts, for the 
molt part, re-appeared in his works, was not, as feme 
have thought, an Engliftiman, but born, in 1538, at Lifle 
in Flanders, where his father praftifed in the law. He 
acquired in his youth an ardent love of plants ; and had 
good opportunities of gratifying his tafte, and advancing 
his knowledge, at Montpellier, where he ftudied phyfic 
under the learned Rondeletius. During his refidence 
there, he found opportunities of making fome botanical 
excurfions over the fouth of France. At Narbonne he 
became acquainted with Pena, afterwards his fellow la¬ 
bourer in the Adverfaria, the firft edition of which was 
publilhed in fmall folio, at London, in 1570, and dedi¬ 
cated to queen Elizabeth. The few cuts difperfed through 
this volume are moftly original, but inferior in ftyle and 
accuracy, as well as in fize, to thofe of Clufius. Before 
the publication of the Adverfaria, our author had extended 
his travels to Swiflerland, the Tyrol, fome parts of Ger¬ 
many and Italy; had fettled, as a phyfician at Antwerp., 
afterwards at Delft; and had been appointed phyfician to 
the illuftrious William prince of Orange, and to the ftates 
of Holland. Dr. Pulteney has not been able to afeertain 
the time of Lobel’s removal to England, but juftly con¬ 
cludes it to have been before 1750; indeed, moll proba¬ 
bly, fome years earlier, as he mentions, in this edition of 
the Adverfaria, having long ago received from Dr. Turner 
feeds of the fea-kale, Crambe maritima, of which he there 
exhibits an indifferent cut, mentioning it as a plant whofe 
flowery tops might be eaten, though much inferior to the 
cultivated kinds of the fame tribe. It appears by this, 
that the young fprouts, now known to be fo excellent for 
the table, had not then been tried. 
The aim of the authors cf the Adverfaria was to invefti- 
gate the botany and materia medica of the ancients, and 
efpecially of Diofcorides. The Adverfaria was reprinted at 
Antwerp in 1576, the dedication being, of courfe, there 
fnpprefledo 
