L O B 
856 
funprefied. New title-pages had been printed to help the 
fale of the original, in 1571 and 157s. Some copies of 
the Antwerp impreflion appear to have been made up 
into a new edition at London in 1605, an ample Pharma¬ 
copeia, the foundation of which was from Rondeletius, 
being prefixed, and an appendix to the Adverfaria fub- 
joined. This volume is dedicated to Edward lord Zouch, 
whom Lobel had attended, on his embafly to Denmark, 
in 1592 ; and he calls himfelf, in the title, botanijl to king 
James I. Dr. Pulteney obferves, after Haller, that this 
work exhibits fome traces of a natural diftribntion of 
plants, infomuch at lead as they are thrown together into 
a number of tribes or orders, according to their habits or 
flowers; but this is done without any remarks, and with fo 
little precifion, that it can only be faid the method of Lo¬ 
bel is better than that of Dodonseus, in which there is no 
confident principle at all. His work is much more valu¬ 
able for the various remarks which it contains, and for 
the accounts of new plants, difcovered by himfelf in Eng¬ 
land or elfewhere. On the fubjeft of Britifii natives in¬ 
deed, Ray accufes him of having made ieveral midakes, 
from having truded too much to his memory. The Stir- 
pium Hijloria of this author, a volume in fmall folio fimilar 
to his Adverfaria, was publifhed at Antwerp in 1576. 
This is much lefs copious in matter, the pages being 
inodly occupied with wooden cuts, which are thofe of 
Clufius, borrowed for the prefent occafion by the printer, 
Plantin. An impreflion of thefe cuts, of an oblong fhape, 
was druck off, with names only, in 1581, and another in 
S591. Linnseus poflefled both. This publication is in 
very general ufe, and well known by the title of Lobel's 
leones. It is, when complete, accompanied by an index 
in feven languages. Lobel. feems to have had a very large 
work in contemplation, which he intended to call Stir- 
pium lllujirationes. This he did not live to complete. 
A fragment of it was publifhed in quarto, without plates, 
by Dr. W. How, in 1655, making 170 pages, befides a 
cauftic preface of the author, aimed chiefly at Gerarde, 
■whom he doubtlefs comprehends among the fordidiphar- 
macarii, charged with robbing the mod experienced phy¬ 
sicians of their honours. The ftyle of Lobel’s preface is 
properly reprobated by Dr. Pulteney, who blames him for 
this grofs abufe of Gerarde after his death, though he had 
formerly on every occafion extolled him. The botanical 
contents of this fragment are, however, very honourable 
to Lobe!, for the number of new plants therein mention- 
-ed. Our author laboured to an advanced age in the pur- 
fuit of his favourite dudy, and procured from his corre- 
fpondents abroad many new plants for the gardens of his 
-friends. He had the fuperintendence of a garden at Hack¬ 
ney, cultivated at the expenfe of lord Zouch; and appears 
to have redded, in the decline of life, at Highgate, where 
he had a daughter, married co a Mr. James Coel. His 
wife is recorded as having aflibed him in his botanical re- 
fearches. He died in 1616, aged feventy-eigbt. Pulte¬ 
ney' s Sketches. 
LOBE'LIA,yi [fo named by Linnaeus from the fubject 
of the preceding article. The plant to which Plumier 
originally applied the name, is now the Scaevola of Lin¬ 
naeus. When the latter, at the fuggedion of Jacquin, 
difcovered that he and other botanilts had confounded, 
under this original Lobelia, a vah number of fpecies ge- 
nerically diltinft from it, but which were then become 
much better known than itfelf by the name in quedion, 
he judged it much lefs inconvenient to keep this name for 
them, and to give the genus of Plumier a new one.] 
Cardinal Flower, Sec. in botany, a genus of the clafs 
fyngenefia, order monogamia, natural order of campa- 
nacere, (campanulaceas, JuJf) The generic characters are 
.—Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, five-cleft, very fmall ; 
growing round the germ, withering; toothlets nearly 
equal; the two iuperior ones looking more upward. Co¬ 
rolla : one-petalled, irregular; tube cyliudric, longer than 
the calyx, divided longitudinally above; border five,- 
parted, divifions lanceolate; of which the two fuperior 
ones are fmaller, Lefs reflex, more deeply divided, conlti- 
1 
LOB 
tuting an upper lip; the three inferior ones more fpreading, 
frequently larger. Stamina : filaments five, awl-fhaped, the 
length of the tube of the petal, connate above ; anthera; 
connate into an oblong cylinder, gaping five ways at the 
bafe. See the Botany Plate VIII. fig. 33. vol. iii. p. 
249. Pidillum : germ fliarp-pointed, inferior; flyle cy- 
lindric, length of the flamens ; fligma obtufe, hifpid. Pe- 
ricarpium: capfule ovate, two or three-celled, two or 
three-valved, gaping at the top, girt by the calyx; difle- 
piments contrary to the valves. See the fame Plate, fig, 
43. Seeds: a great many, very fmall ; receptacle conic.— 
EJfential CharaSer. Calyx five-cleft; corolla one-petalled, 
irregular: capfule inferior, two or three-celled. 
Species. I. With entire leaves. 1. Lobelia fimplex, or 
(lender lobelia : fiem upright; leaves linear, quite entire; 
peduncles folitary. This is a fmall annual plant, fcarcely 
a hand in height; herbaceous, upright, Ample, fmooth, and 
even. Leaves alternate, felfile, remote, acute, even, patu¬ 
lous. Peduncles axillary, one-flowered, naked, even, up¬ 
right, twice as long as the leaves. Capfule inferior, tur- 
binate^. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
2. Lobelia columneae, or mealy lobelia: leaves oblong, 
blunt, revolute, very much wrinkled ; fhining above, to¬ 
mentofe beneath. Branch or Hern fomewhat woody, an¬ 
gular, tomentofe, mealy, efpecially towards the top, leafy. 
Leaves fcattered, oval-oblong, netted-veined, very thickly 
tomentofe underneath, with the veins thick and (Landing 
out. Leaves quite entire at the edge, but, being rolled 
back, Linnaeus miftook the interftices between the veins 
for notches, and fet them down as crenate in the fpecific 
character. Native of New Granada, where it was found 
by Mutis. Linnaeus fufpeited a great affinity between 
this plant and Columnea fcandens; .and has given the 
differences in the Supplement. 
3. Lobelia bellidifolia, or daify-leaved lobelia: Item up¬ 
right, panicled ; leaves obovate, crenate. This is an an¬ 
nual plant, about a hand in height, upright, hifpid and 
leafy below, divided at top into a longer panicle. Leaves 
blunt, pubefeent underneath. The lower peduncles are 
longer. Found at the Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 
Both in the Syftema and Supplementum it is by miftake 
named bellidijlora. 
4. Lobelia pinifolia, or pine-leaved lobelia: fhrubby, 
leaves linear, cluttered, quite entire. This is a fhrubby, 
upright, branched, plant; the branches furrounded with 
abundance of narrow (harp leaves an inch in length. 
Flowers many, fmall, blue, at the tops of the twigs, among 
the leaves. Native of the Cape of Good Hope; intro¬ 
duced in 1786, by Mr. Francis Mafibn. 
5. Lobelia Dortmanna, water-lobelia, or gladiole: 
leaves linear, two-celled, quite entire, ftem alunofl naked. 
This fpecies is (hown on the preceding Plate at fig. b. 
The root confifts of numerous capillary whitifh fibres. 
Leaves growing at the bottom of the water in a circle, 
numerous, about two inches long, refletted into an ele¬ 
gant curve at the end, fmooth, confifting of two hollow 
parallel tubes. Stem eFe< 5 t, round, hollow, fmooth, from 
twelve to eighteen inches high, naked except three or 
four oval fefiile feales about a quarter of an inch long. 
Flowers about nine, in a loofe fpike, above the water, 
from half an inch to an inch afunder, on (lender pedun¬ 
cles about half an inch long, each arifing from a brafteal 
fcale fimilar to thofe on the Items; calyx divided into fiv« 
linear or awl-fhaped fegments, a .line and a half or two 
lines Jong; corolla white, faintly tinged with blue; tube 
narrow; upper lip of two narrow lanceolate fegments, 
ereft; lower of three oval reflected fegments, the middle 
one larger and longer. Capfule elliptical, furrounded 
with the calyx, forming a ring a little beneath the fum- 
init, and terminated by the ftyle with its club-fhaped hairy 
fligma. Linnaeus remarks that the whole plant, even the 
leaves beneath the water, are milky; and that the naked part 
of the ftalk is of a length proportional to the depth of the 
water in which the plant grows. In order to (how this pro¬ 
portion on our Plate, we have been obliged to cut the ftem in 
two, which, if fuppofed to be joined at this mark, +, wdli 
exhibit 
