46 
HORN EXPEDITION—ANTHROPOLOGY. 
In conformity with the previous schemes we may then represent, symbolically, 
the Arunta organisation as follows :— 
Phratry. 
Subphratry. 
Totem Clans. 
a 
a 
b 
There is no manifest evidence of the existence of primary classes (phratries) or 
of totem clans, at least in the sense that additional marriage restrictions are thereby 
imposed. Under this arrangement “a” and “ a” marry “/3” and “b” respectively 
—the usual arrangement as stated above, but in this tribe the descent is, indirectly, 
through the fuale^ the children belonging to the fellow sub-class of the father. 
Thus the offspring of “ a” and “yS” belong to “a.” 
Abandoning now symbols for actual names the Arunta arrangement may be 
thus set forth :— 
• Male of 
Marries female of 
Children are 
Pultarra 
- 
Kumarra 
Panunga. 
Panunga 
- 
Purula - 
Pultarra. 
Purula - 
- 
Panunga 
Kumarra. 
Kumarra 
- 
Pultarra 
Purula. 
Or to use again another of Mr. Howitt’s useful methods of graphic repre¬ 
sentation the facts may be represented by the following simple diagi-ams :— 
Males. Females. 
Purula 
Kumarra 
