HORN EXPEDITION-ANTHROPOLOGY. 
G7 
fine powder is mixed with grease. A light and a dark shade of red ochre occur 
with intervening tints ; possibly the lighter shades may be produced by mixing 
white earth with the red ochre. 
Wood charcoal similarly ground supplies the black pigment in the parts 
visited, though in the Peake tribe, immediately to the south of the Arunta, black 
oxide of manganese (wad), which produces on the body a fine glossy black colour, 
is used. 
The white pigments are variously derived from gypsum, burnt and powdered, 
from some white clay, such as kaolin or from calcareous earths. A natural whiting 
appears to occur in the neighbourhood of Herniannsburg, as indicated by a 
sample forwarded to Professor Tate, to whom I am indebted for the information. 
Antiarra. (Plate I., bis.). 
When at llenbury on the Finke River, I had the opportunity of visiting a 
place called Antiari-a situated from twelve to fifteen miles to the east of the 
Station, which proved to be of so interesting a character that I shall describe it 
somewhat in detail. 
Standing in a recess at the foot of the steep southern escarpment of the middle of 
the three divisions into which Chandler’s Range is divided, and towards its eastern 
termination, is an altar-like rock. The mass of the escarpment, of Ordovician age, 
which has an average height of about 100 feet though it sinks to somewhat less 
than this near the “ altar,” consists of cpiartzite with bands of soft friable 
sandstone. That which I have called the altar, for reasons which will appear, is a 
portion of the harder stone which has better withstood the weathering that has 
excavated the recess in which it stands. A gentle slope of natural rock leads to 
the foot of the altar, and a few rough natural steps in the I’ock afford access to its 
top just beyond its western end—that to the left of the observer in the plate 
(I., bis). 
Almost the whole of the lower half of the front face of the altar is decorated 
with alternate vertical stripes of red ochre and white (burnt) gypsum and a 
considei’able ai’ea of the same surface is stained to a dark reddish-black with an 
encrustation of dried blood which, having evidently been spilt at the top, has 
flowed down over the front face; runlets of blood have trickled from the 
main mass to the base of the altar partially obscuring the painted stripes. 
Judging of the size and thickness of this encrustation it must have required a 
lOA 
