EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
341 
formed ; that the steer had not micturated since his sickness. 
The condition of the animal proved it, his bladder was full, 
there were no urethral contractions, the hairs at the entrance of 
the sheath were dry, and at the second curvature of the S of the 
penis, a calculus was discovered. The animal was operated 
upon. The calculus was of blackberry form and of the size 
of a bean. Yet urine was not expelled freely ; it was only by 
slight pressure on the bladder that a sn-all quantity of urine 
passed through die natural way. The animal being still unable 
to make water, was killed the next day. At the post-mortem 
the meat was found having a very marked odor of urine ; the 
bladder, not ruptured, contained a small quantity of fluid ; the 
mncons membrane was inflamed and the meatus closed by a firm 
exudate, which had prevented the escape of the urine outwards, 
and yet, by its condition, permitted its infiltration in the tissues. 
Prevention of the Umbilical Infections of New- 
Born Animals. —This is the general advice of Prof. Nocard, 
published in all the veterinary papers, and we believe by 
governmental direction, as follows: Calves, lambs and young 
pigs are often affected, a‘ few days after birth, with serious dis¬ 
eases, rapidly fatal ; whatever is the seat of the disease, liver, 
peritoneum, pleura, pericardium, lung, or even the articulations, 
it has always the same origin : is the consequence of an umbili¬ 
cal infection^ which takes place, at the time of delivery or shortly 
after, through the wound, resulting from the rupture of the cord. 
To prevent the disease, as early as possible after birth, one 
must: ist. Carefully wash the umbilicus of each new-born with 
a fine sponge, sterilized by boiling it in a phenic solution (25 
grammes of acid, one litre of water), and which is allowed to 
cool off until lukewarm. 2d. Dry the umbilicus with the same 
sponge, well squeezed out. 3d. Apply upon the umbilicus a 
small quantity of an ointment of vaseline 100 parts, boric acid 
15 parts, thymol a part. 4th. Renew the application every 
morning for five days ; at that time the umbilicus will be all 
cicatrized. At the time of parturition, and for several days fol¬ 
lowing, the bedding of the animals should be kept thoroughly 
clean, and made with fresh and dry straw. 
ITALIAN REVIEW. 
Serotherapy in the Infectious Pleuro-Pneumonia of 
Horses. —The Clinica Veterinaria of April publishes the fol¬ 
lowing interesting notice of experiments made upon a number 
