380 
LEONARD PEARSON. 
terlobular being congested and dark red. The gall bladder con¬ 
tained lo ounces of dark black-green bile, so dark as to appear 
perfectly black e 7 i masse. Kidneys slightly soft, moist; blad¬ 
der contained one ounce of coffee-colored urine. Spleen small, 
contracted, hemispherical. Intestinal tract well filled, normal. 
The above cases given in detail are essentially parallel to the 
results summarized in Bulletin No. 8 of the Montana Station 
with the notable exception of Case No. 3, in which the color of 
the tissues was very different, yet agreed in one important par¬ 
ticular—the evidently grave disorganization of the blood cells. 
Case No. 4 exhibited, in a marked degree, a symptom, the 
oedema of the ears, which was only occasionally noted in the 
outbreak described in Bulletin No. 8, while in the above out¬ 
break the Chinese shepherd usually noted the oedema of the 
ears as the first symptom of the disease, and, believing that slit¬ 
ting the ears in some way modified the disease, habitually prac¬ 
ticed it and noted the escape from the wound of much of this 
anasarcous fluid. The face, too, was not infrequently swollen. An 
interesting observation was the fact that almost all affected ani¬ 
mals were ewes which had but recently, two to six days prior, 
given birth to lambs, the ordeal of parturition apparently 
inducing a condition of the system which more readily permit¬ 
ted the ravages of the micro-parasite. 
TETANUS. 
By Leonard Pearson, V.M.D., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Read before the meeting of the Pennsylvania State Medical Veterinary Association, Phil¬ 
adelphia, March 2, 1897. 
Tetanus of horses is a disease that has been known since the 
earliest times, and was described by Apsyrtus during the fourth 
century. The views in regard to this disease that have prevailed 
at various times have differed widely, and it has variously been 
ascribed to an “ inflammation of the blood,” an injury to the brain 
or spinal cord, a peculiar electrical condition of the atmosphere, 
foods of various kinds, etc. Subsequently tetanus was divided 
by the writers of text-books into several varieties, particularly 
