672 
C. FISCH. 
a more equal affection of both respiratory and digestive appar¬ 
atus, but this is so little constant, that it can only tend to in¬ 
crease the confusion to reserve the name of pneumo-enteritis for 
the latter affection. The word “ pneumo-enteritis ” ought only 
to be used with the meaning that first Klein connected with 
it, that is, as indicating a pulmonary and intestinal affection in 
general, without regard to the specific causative agent (swine 
fever). For onr purposes it may be sufficient to mention that 
experimentally pulmonary and intestinal lesions may be pro¬ 
duced ad libitum in swine plague as well as in hog cholera. 
If so we must admit that the pathologic anatomy in a great 
number of cases does not allow of a differentiation between the 
two affections; Voges and others, were mistaken, on the other 
hand in asserting that the causative micro-organism was the 
same in both diseases. The erroneousness of this assertion has 
indisputably been brought out by Salmon, Smith, Billings, 
Welch and Clement, and the finishing touch to its refutation 
has been added by Hueppe * in his investigations on the haemor¬ 
rhagic septicaemia. 
According to these investigations the swine plague, bacillus, 
on the one side, and the hog cholera bacillus on the other are 
well established and accurately defined as to their morphologic 
and physiologic characteristics. Without mentioning minor 
traits, it is above all the motility (presence of flagella) of the hog 
cholera bacillus that absolutely separates it from the organism 
of the swine plagne. Hog cholera bacilli, furthermore, never 
form phenol or indol in pepton solutions, but they cause milk to 
assume an alkaline reaction, and to slightly gelatinize. The 
bacilli of swine plague (Schweineseuche-Schuetz) are always 
immotile. They form in peptonized fluids, phenol and indol and 
produce in milk a very decided sour reaction. In these two 
latter characteristics they resemble the micro-organisms of the 
swine plague of Marseilles (Rietsch and Jonbert),t which, how¬ 
ever, are very actively motile, like hog cholera bacilli. 
* Berliner klin. Wochenschr., 1886, No. 44. 
iComptes Rendus de I’Acad^mie de Science io6. 
