CEREBRO SPINAL MENINGITIS. 
831 
sclineideiian membrane is usually of a dry, dirty, ash-gray 
color, though in some cases it may be of a bright pink color. 
The pulse is slow and irregular, having a tendency to roll under 
the finger and to at times miss or drop a beat. The eyes are 
dull, the conjunctiva is engorged with blood ; vision is much 
and in the acute cases the animal may be quite blind. 
The appetite as noted above is capricious in the early stage ; at 
times the animal will not touch food and at other times it will 
eat the most common refuse of the manure heap or even its own 
exciement with evident relish. Thirst in the majority of cases 
is \ery moderate, some animals g'oing for several days without 
touching water. It is only in the acute cases that run a rapidly 
fatal course that I have observed paralysis of the muscles of deg¬ 
lutition. When made to walk the gait is staggering, the hind 
limbs wdll be dragged along in the most listless manner ; if 
made to turn around quickly, the animal will reel and nearly 
fall to the ground—loss of co-ordination. The lips of the vulva 
in the female are of a pale anaemic color 5 the sphincter vesicae 
is relaxed, permitting the urine to dribble away involuntarily. 
In the male the penis hangs pendulous and flaccid ; the same in¬ 
voluntary escape of urine may be seen in some cases, but not so 
often as in the mare. Respiration is abnormally slow, so much 
so that at times it is extremely difficult to count. 
When standing undisturbed, the animal will fall into a semi- 
comatose sleep, sometimes with the head pressed tightly against 
the side of the barn or the stall partition. While in this con- 
dition the breathing is stertorous and the animal when aroused 
suddenly will appear startled, but soon relapses into sleep again. 
In most of the cases the bowels are obstinately constipated, 
amounting to complete or partial paralysis. The bodily tem¬ 
perature in the majority of cases is normal, though in the 
acute cases it often ranges as high as 106° to 107°. It may'also 
be abnormally low in some of the chronic cases as 96 to 98^. 
The urine in the acute cases is of a clear watery color; and is 
usually abundant in quantity. In the chronic cases the urine is 
usually scanty in amount, strong smelling and of a deep yellow 
