8 
COLORADO EXPERIMENT STATION 
and not hang down. The milk veins should be large and the farther 
they extend forward the better. It is essential that the milk wells, 
the openings through which the milk veins pass into the abdomen, 
should be large, as large as the end of one’s middle finger. The 
udder should be loose and pliable, when empty—not fleshy. 
4. The eyes should he large and bright and project out well from 
lire face. This is a strong indication of the nerve force needed fer 
strong digestion and large milk secretion. 
The dairy cow should be deep and wide from 1 to 2 as this gives her 
large capacity for rough feed. The back, from 1 to 4, should be sharp, with 
little flesh, when she is in good condition. She should be well cut up behind 
so that the udder can extend well up, as at3. Her flank should be well arch¬ 
ed, as at 5, to provide room for a large udder. 
Where a farmer has handled beef cattle and is not sure he can 
recognize these features when he sees them, he should go to town 
and examine several cows that are known to be heavy milkers and 
verify each point. 
Feeding the Cow. 
• The native grasses of the Plains are good milk producing feeds 
when abundant. Where sufficient land can be obtained, it pays to 
have a native grass pasture exclusively for winter use, keeping off all 
stock during the summer. In the winter of 1907 a new settler in 
Elbert county had a good winter pasture of native grass, but no other 
feed for his cows. Pie sold through the winter an average of four 
dollars’ worth of cream per cow each month. He could not have 
done this with scant pasture nor poor cows. 
Alfalfa is the best dairy feed and the dry land farmer should get 
