—11 — 
like root-stocks grow very rapidly, and extend through the soil in 
all directions, forming a close network. By washing out, I have 
traced them four and five feet beyond the last plant appearing 
above ground. When plants are hoed up they are very soon re¬ 
placed by others, which spring from these root-stocks; plowing, 
which breaks the root-stocks in pieces, only helps to multiply the 
plant. The only way to eradicate it is to so persistently cut it down 
that the plants are given no chance to carry on the processes of 
nutrition; if no leaves are allowed, the plant must soon die for 
want of them. The species does not spread rapidly from seed, as 
only a comparatively small number are produced; ten plants 
counted gave an average of 73. As the plants multiply mainly by 
root-stocks, it is important that they be dug out completely as soon 
as discovered, and before they become well established. 
HORDEUM JUBATUM, L. (Plates XI. and XII.) 
(Squirrel-Tail, Grass ; Fox-Tail ; Wild Barley.) 
Annual; 6 inches to 2 feet high. Leaves fiat, 2 to 4 inches 
long, margins scabrous. Flowers in a dense spike about 4 inches 
long, pale green, often purplish. Three florets at each joint of the 
rhachis, only the central one perfect, lateral florets short awned, 
central floret with awn 2 inches long, outer glumes 2 inches long, 
6 at each joint, rough, upwardly barbed. 
This is a Western species, that has become widely distributed 
over the northern United States. It is one of our worst weeds, 
spreading rapidly in lands wet from seepage, and also troublesome 
in cultivated ground. It is especially bad in meadows; its pres¬ 
ence greatly lessens the value of hay on account of the injurious 
effect upon stock of the long, rough awns. When in bloom the 
grass is ornamental, but its beauty is short-lived ; the rhachis soon 
breaks up, and the parts are scattered by the wind. It should be 
cut early to prevent seeding. 
Plates I., II., VI., VII., VIII., IX. and XI. are from drawings 
made by Miss C. M. Sbuthworth; plates III. and IV. from drawings 
made by Miss Alice Bell. Plates V., X. and XII. are from photo¬ 
graphs. 
We ask of farmers and others interested that they co-operate 
with us in the endeavor to designate and classify the weed pests 
from every agricultural region of the State. 
Send us lists of the worst weeds that infest your region, with 
information as to the general habits of the plants, the kind of soil 
in which they are most abundant, and the crops most infested. 
