474 
TWO CLASSES OF PERSIANS. 
Institutes of Timour, published by Major Davy, afford numerous 
examples of the same termination being added to genuine Tar¬ 
tarian or Mongolian words. These Persian Eelauts, therefore, 
have nothing in common with the nation which the French 
missionaries call Eleuth ; for that is the name the Calmucs give 
themselves ; the appellation Calmuc being only a nickname. And 
these Eleuth are of the Mongolian race; whereas the Eelaut of 
Persia are of the Tartarian ; and, though frequently confounded, 
differ as much from each other, as the Celtic race does from 
the Gothic.” 
There are, therefore, in Persia, tribes of Tartar and Turco¬ 
man descent; and tribes from the Bactiara mountains, who are 
of a race totally distinct from the northern hordes, and, probably, 
something more indigenous to the soil, than any of the other 
wanderers ; but all leading the same manner of life, now bear 
the common name of Eelaut; their pastoral habits little dis¬ 
tinguishing them from the Bedouin Arab, or the Nomade 
Tartar on the banks of the Tedzen. Hence the subjects of 
the Persian empire appear to consist of two distinct classes : 
the stationary inhabitants of towns and cities ; and the wan¬ 
dering dwellers in tents and temporary villages; for all 
equally acknowledge the sovereignty of the Shah, though 
with different degrees of deference to his authority. The Per¬ 
sian, immured in a city, is within grasp of every arbitrary 
order ; the Eelaut, in his tent, may obey on the side of his 
stream, or disobey in the fastness of his mountains. And, per¬ 
haps, as some check to the natural proneness and facilities of 
these people to affect independence, has arisen the fashion of 
drawing their principal chiefs to court; where we find many of 
them mingling the refinements of the capital with their bolder 
