98 
H. P. KEELY. 
the chest. Some advise tracheotomy. It seems this method 
ought certainly to be effective, because with the opening in the 
trachea it is impossible for the cow to fix the epiglottis and hold 
her breath, and without doing this it is impossible for her to 
strain. I have had no personal experience with tracheotomy in 
these cases and I trust that those members who have will favor 
us with their experience. 
Retention.—Having returned the uterus and smoothed out 
all the folds and everything in its natural place as nearly as pos¬ 
sible, we must devise means for retaining the organ and prevent¬ 
ing its being again everted. Among the various means used are 
pessaries, sutures, skewers and trusses. The best, I believe, is 
the pessary, though for the sake of convenience I generally use 
the sutures. The pessary is best in my opinion because it does 
more to hold the uterus and floor of the vagina to their natural 
places. The sutures, if properly applied, will not allow the 
uterus to be protruded to the exterior of the body ; but they do 
not prevent the organ from everting itself and lodging a whole 
big mass in the posterior portion of the pelvic cavity. I have 
seen this happen several times, especially in cows too weak to 
get up. The same is true of skewers and trusses. The pessary 
of course is very difficult or almost impossible when the animal 
is down. 
Pessary.—P'leming mentions and describes a number of 
different kinds of pessaries—the pad, ring, cup and ball, bottle 
and pig’s bladder. Of these I have had experience with only 
the first or pad. It has always given me excellent results. It is 
a sort of home-made affair, and the materials for making it can 
generally be found on any farm. To make it, take a short fork, 
or spade-handle, those with a hand-hold are the most convenient, 
though this is not strictly necessary, and a hole may be bored to 
hold your rope, or any round piece of wood of proper thickness 
and length may be used. Saw it about eighteen inches ; about 
four or six inches from one end cut a groove clear around to 
hold the string with which you tie the pad. Then make the 
pad on this end by wrapping it with rags or cloths until you 
