OBSERVATIONS MADE IN CANINE MEDICINE. 
243 
face with the naked eye. Frequently minute blood vessels are 
seen radiating from the limbus toward the denser part of the 
opacity. Provided the animal has not been under treatment 
with agents which modify accommodation, we can usually see 
at a glance that the intrinsic muscles and nerves governing 
them are not manifestly involved. 
The use of the opthalmoscope substantiates our opinion that 
the deeper structures are not implicated up to date, and that we 
have to all intents and purposes a local condition to interest our¬ 
selves in, which, in view of the corneal conditions, the rather sur¬ 
prisingly healthy appearance of the palpebral membranes, and 
abundant flow of clear lachrymal secretion, absence of foreign 
bodies, etc., we are oftentimes, particularly if no erosion of the 
cornea has been noticed, inclined to mistrust occlusion of the 
lachrymal duct, especially if one eye only be affected, as is 
often the case. 
We next resort to the application of cocaine solution, that 
we may push our investigation further. Immediately it takes 
effect our suspicion of a choked duct is allayed, since the secre¬ 
tion almost immediately ceases to flow over the face. The con¬ 
dition is plainly one which has hypersecretion as one of its 
symptoms, and not a stenosis of the lachrymal duct, either 
catarrhal or otherwise. The most common error in the forma¬ 
tion of our diagnosis in these cases, in my opinion, crops up right 
at this point of the examination. We are very liable while the 
organ is under cocaine to make a thorough and close examina¬ 
tion of all the visible mucous membrane, oftentimes using the 
hand lens, and with its aid alm'ost invariably detecting corneal 
abrasion more or less extensive, quite omitting to thoroughly 
examine the posterior aspect of the third lid. Either forget¬ 
ting or ignoring the fact plainly brought out in the history, of 
the excessive secretion being long present prior to the corneal 
symptoms, ignoring the position the lesions hold upon the cor¬ 
nea, we hasten to give our diagnosis as keratitis probably due 
to irritation, give some form of treatment, oftentimes contain¬ 
ing atropine, etc., and, with a word of encouragment to the 
